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Labor Unions.
This paper defines and then compares the labor union system in the United States and Europe.
1,580 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper defines labor unions as associations composed of workers, which work within the same trade to advance the interest of members such as collective bargaining to improve wages, benefits and working conditions. The author points out that both European and American labor unions were created during the process of industrialization and came to prominence after World War II. The paper relates that that, in both regions, labor unions resulted in increases in economic stability and improvements in workers' rights.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Labor Union
Europe
American Labor Unions
How Unions Affect Society and the Working Environment in Each Region
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Like labor unions in Europe, American labor unions were also formed during industrialization. American labor unions have had an impact upon the economy and politics since their inception and they continue to play a large role in the American labor force. These unions encompass a large range of laborers, from restaurant workers to steel workers. American labor unions are extremely organized and are overseen by the American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO)."
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Family and Medical Leave Act.
This paper traces the history and current status of the Family and Medical Leave Act.
945 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Family and Medical Leave Act took a decade from its conception to finally becoming law for most employers in 1993. The author points out that this law, which covers companies with 50 or more workers and employees with at least a year of service, mandates up to 12 weeks of leave per year for various family medical emergencies and for the birth or adoption of a child and stipulates that the employers must continue to provide health care benefits and that returning workers must be given their old job or an equivalent. The paper relates that the current time permitted is less than in Europe and Japan; some lawmakers are currently working to increase this time in order to benefit American employees.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Beginnings
Momentum
Becoming Law
Understanding the Law
Enforcement
Current Status
Conclusion
From the Paper
"When the bill was first introduced in the 99th Congress, it was unable to secure a hearing in the predominately Republican Senate. In 1990, after some significant compromises that reduced the period of leave entitlement and raised the small-employer exemption, the bill gained sufficient bipartisan support to pass both the House and the Senate. However, President Bush reversed his previous campaign promise to support such a bill and vetoed the FMLA, and the House failed to override the veto. By the time the 102nd Congress convened during 1991 and 1992, the bill had garnered so much interest that it secured the "coveted bill numbers 'H.R. 2' and 'S. 5' - signaling that it was one of the top five priorities of the leadership for that Congress."
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Employee Work Performance, 2005.
Report on Ferdinand F. Fournies's book, "Why Employees Don't Do What They Are Supposed to Do - and What to Do About It".
881 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper summarizes and positively reviews Fournies's book on strategies for management and how to improve employee performance. The paper highlights the key points of the book and looks at who could best apply Fourneis's approach.
From the Paper
"And that is followed, as all of his opening paragraphs are, by a series of bullet points, including "what your employees are saying to each other": "Whatever you do, don't tell the boss you don't know how to do something"; "if you don't know how to do it, fake it...they will never trace the error back to you"; among other silly but realistic rationalizations employees invoke to mask their ignorance, indifference, or incompetence."
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Federal and Maryland Employment Laws, 2005.
An overview of how Maryland employment laws differ from general federal employment laws.
991 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how the federal and Maryland state systems of government differ in their application of employment laws. For the most part, the State of Maryland utilizes most of the same employment laws as those mandated by the federal government. It shows that the Maryland Department of Labor, Licensing, and Regulation's Division of Labor and Industry is the governing body for wage and employment law in the state.
From the Paper
"The minimum wage (with some exceptions) is $5.15 per hour in Maryland, just as it is at the federal level. The workweek is 40 hours, and any time worked over 40 hours must be paid as time-and-a-half. The exceptions to this are certain retail mechanics, partspersons, or salespersons who sell or service cars, farm equipment, trailers or trucks, taxicab drivers, executive, administrative and professional employees who meet certain criteria, outside salesmen, commissioned employees, a child, parent, spouse, or other member of the employer's immediate family, and employees of a movie theater ("Maryland Guide," 2004). In addition, agricultural workers in the state must be paid overtime after working 60 hours in a week, and some health care institutions (not hospitals) and bowling alleys pay overtime after 48 hours worked in one week."
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"The Battle of Blair Mountain", 2005.
An analysis of Robert Shogan's "The Battle of Blair Mountain".
961 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at how Shogan presents a rather succinct account of the labor movement in West Virginia that ultimately culminated in a legitimate battle between coal miners and federal troops. It discusses how the conflict remains perhaps the most significant labor struggle in the United States during the 20th century, but has been largely ignored by scholars and historians. It concludes that by publishing this book, Shogan aims to shed much needed light onto this fault in American history and to re-affirm the fact that the labor movement in the United States possesses a powerful and bloodied past.
From the Paper
"The coal miners' movement was spurred by what they perceived to be unreasonable practices that were adopted by the coal distributors in efforts to maximize their profits and, while minimizing the incomes of their workers, to take measure ensuring the miners' dependence upon them. The company store is one of the most glaring examples of how the miners were manipulated to continually feed off the company that controlled their employment. "The company stores that sold them food and other necessities charged exorbitant prices, which the miners had to pay, since there was no other available outlet. Just to guarantee the captivity of their consumers, coal companies paid the miners in scrip, which only the company store would accept." (Shogan, 33). This made the workers almost entirely dependent upon the mines for their survival."
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Female Head of Household, 2005.
A discussion on the issues associated with the female head of household in today's society.
2,837 words (approx. 11.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 84.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the problems of female heads of households have their origins in the economics of the nation, which favor full-time work and reward males disproportionately for the same labor. It looks at how this initial imbalance is intensified by the social welfare system, which would rather punish female heads of households than help them, no matter what effect it might have on them or their offspring. It also discusses how any solution would need to be two-fold, societal and political.
From the Paper
"Sharp noted that the market "ignores the long household work hours, the hours of care-giving, and the work imposed by traditional familial roles of the larger society. But a greater commitment to the labor market by women poses problems for women's economic health for two reasons" (1998). Moreover, the problem for working female heads of households is even more severe. "First, the incomes earned by many women are not significantly above the levels sufficient to support a family at a standard of living above the poverty line" (Sharp, 1998). For all women, he noted, household tasks and market labor, taken together, add up to long hours and low pay for all women, but for female heads of household, the 'environment', as Sharp calls the complex of paid and unpaid labor, is even worse."
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Diversity Training, 2005.
A look at the importance of diversity training and diversity programs to the workplace.
721 words (approx. 2.9 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 25.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how diversity is an important feature of every corporation today and how it has also created alarming potential for discrimination and conflicts. It looks at how diversity management or diversity training helps employees understand their differences and resolve them amicably.
From the Paper
"Diversity programs focus "on making changes in the awareness and the attitudes of the participants. The strategy is to create changes that will have a long term positive impact on the organizational culture, with the objective of creating a safer and more productive working environment for all organizational members."(Karp et al. 2000) They aim at creating a more productive working environment where each employee feels valued and differences can be minimized. Diversity training programs also help HP personnel avoid discriminatory practices during hiring, firing, appraisal and disciplining of an employee. Diversity training plays the most dominant role in creation of a completely discrimination and conflict proof working environment."
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Age Discrimination.
This paper discusses problems of age discrimination in the workplace.
2,070 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 5725 sources, APA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that older workers, who are generally considered to be better employees, but usually receive higher salaries than younger workers because of their longevity in the company, are being exccluded from the work force by U.S. businesses. The author points out that, while it is legal to fire or lay off people as a cost-cutting measure, business decisions, such as downsizings, job insecurity, increased use of part-time and contract employees, and greater reliance on automation have created a corporate culture that makes older workers expendable. The paper relates that, in Europe, this problem is being handled in a more humane manner and states that, with the shortage of warm bodies to fill entry-level jobs in the U.S., and with the problems of balancing Social Security, it is unlikely age discrimination would be a feature of U.S. work life if the American population, as a whole, was not so dedicated to extolling youth.
Table of Contents
The Current Extent of the Problem
History of the Problem
Chart: Older Workers vs. Younger Workers
How the Aging Employee Issue Is Handled Elsewhere
Conclusion
From the Paper
"IBM-Big Blue-has also been in the 'older worker' hotspot, although allegedly for a retiree, rather than a worker, problem. In 1999, IBM was switching its pension plan to a cash-balance plan rather than a traditional plan. Dave Finlay was calculating his future pension benefits and realized that he would receive more than 30% less under the new plan than under the old one. Finlay ran a spreadsheet program to compare the old and new retirement benefits. After spending what he calculated to be bout 2,000 hours on the project, he posted his spreadsheet process on a Web site so that other IBMers to calculate their own benefits potentials."
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People at Work.
This paper describes people working in six locations.
1,270 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper describes people working in six locations: a supermarket, a "fast-food" restaurant, a newsstand, a factory, a car wash, and a pizza parlor. The author illustrates a family-owned pizza parlor, centered around a large open pizza oven, where the manger and chef arrive at work very early in the morning; the atmosphere is busy and cheerful, with waiters calling in orders to the chef, who is continually busy making pizza bases and piling on an array of toppings. In the supermarket, the employees most seen by the public are the employees who work at the register; their day is a continual routine, with one customer after another, and then stolen moments of gossip and chatting between the onslaught of products to be rung up.
Table of Contents
Supermarket
Fast-Food Restaurant
Newsstand
Factory
Car Wash
Pizza Parlor
From the Paper
"People working in the fast-food industry by necessity have a sunny disposition and project themselves as healthy and energetic individuals. An imperative is evident cleanliness in their attire and personal hygiene, especially ensuring that their hands are perfectly clean if food is handled. While preparing fast-food dishes requires pre-determined culinary skills, employees are also attentive to maintaining a strict code of cleanliness throughout the process from preparation to delivery of end product."
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43626.doc.
This paper discusses the effects of outsourcing and globalization on American workers.
2,675 words (approx. 10.7 pages), 14 sources, APA, $ 80.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, with the decline of communism and the plummeting of socialism in nearly every region of the globe, globalization, privatization, and economic liberalization have become the leading forces molding societies and economies across the globe. The author points out that, even though the term 'outsourcing' was thought to be new to business, the methodology is old because, traditionally, corporations have often enlisted the assistance of external specialists, such as legal and financial specialists. The paper concludes that the current employment problems are genuine because American companies are sending job to foreign lands.
Table of Contents
Concept of Globalization
Advantages of Globalization
Disadvantages of Globalization
Outsourcing
Advantages of Outsourcing
Disadvantages of Outsourcing
How Outsourcing and Globalization Impacts the American Worker
From the Paper
"Such economic liberalization aggravates the widening gap between rich and poor amidst all the developing countries. Simultaneously, the other components of globalization have growing inequalities of political power and influence, as well as signifying new dimensions of inequality. One group of nation visualizes the globalization as an element that results in erosion of the consistency and practicability of the state. But other countries feel strengthened with the process of globalization, as they are better tunes to familiarize themselves and take advantage of new opportunities. Moreover, the widespread inequality of the authorities enjoyed by the states is quite significant and more pronounced to be an increasing volume of far-reaching rules, rights, and values that are being affirmed and exerted worldwide."
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Labor Issues around the World, 2005.
A look at the global problem of child labor.
1,161 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the problem of child labor and looks at the countries where it is most often practiced. The paper describes the horrible working and living conditions that these children are subjected to and looks at how some multinational companies take advantage of the cheap labor provided by child laborers instead of taking a moral stand against the problem.
From the Paper
"Child labor is one of the worst social problems that exist in modern society (Yan, 2002). The term child labor brings images of exploited and uncared children. In the many areas that child labor exists, Indonesia is one that has an especially large percentage of children working at a young age. Government statistics reveal that 2.08 million children between the ages of 10-14 works in Indonesia are employed at dangerous places. Among these children, half work full time. The amount of work and hours these children have are the same as adults. Many children work under hazardous conditions as scavengers, garbage pickers and fishing platforms. For obvious reasons, this is one of the greatest labor issues faced by the country."
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Wage Costs and Employee Benefits, 2005.
An overview of employee and wage costs are defined.
3,389 words (approx. 13.6 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 96.95
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Abstract
This paper begins with a legal definition of an employee and then goes on to explain what wage costs are from a business perspective. The paper explains how wage costs are set by the U.S. Department of Labor and then describes employee conditions for comparable workers in Mexico, which includes a look at the benefits the employees receive and how wage costs are calculated there.
From the Paper
"The Legal definition of an Employee is "a person who is hired by another person or business for a wage or fixed payment in exchange for personal services and who does not provide the services as part of an independent business; Any individual employed by an employer". There are in existence three tax laws that will apply to employees. Under this law, when the person who has employed the individual has any sort of right over his employee, then he can control his working methods in any manner, including the end result expected of him, and the details of how and when and where the job is to be done. "Where the employer does not possess that right, the individual involved is an independent contractor, not an employee".
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Bruce Shackleton's "Meeting the Shadow at Work", 2005.
A look at Shackleton's essay regarding the lack of fulfillment most people experience at work.
1,421 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces, discusses, and analyzes Bruce Shackleton's essay about how most people lead their work lives and how this is typically an unfulfilling, yet very large, part of their lives. The paper explains Shackleton's contention that most people carry with them a shadow of another self that knows a better life than the one they are leading in their professional life.
From the Paper
"Workaholics are not the same as hard workers. The latter do what is necessary to complete the job. However, when a project is done, they relax and take time off to spend with family and friends. Hard workers work long hours on a short-term basis with clear goals. They also may work extra hours in response to staffing shortages or special projects. In contrast, workaholics labor long hours consistently, staying late and coming in on weekends and holidays, even if they do not have any pressing deadlines. They constantly think about work, even when they are not at work."
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Sweatshops, 2004.
This paper discusses sweatshops, the impact that they have on the world, and what can be done to end their proliferation.
1,420 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that sweatshops are factories that produce apparel, shoes, and other merchandise where employees, usually women and children, work under extreme conditions for very long hours and very little pay. The author points out that sweatshops became illegal in the United States with the passing of the Fair Labor Standards Act, but many American companies, such as Wal-Mart, maintain their low prices by selling products manufactured in sweatshops. The paper describes many ways that the individual can fight the continuation of sweatshops, such as asking companies to purchase only fair-trade products, purchasing only union-made products, and supporting organizations like OXFAM.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Definition of a Sweatshop
Sweatshops and the Underground Economy
How to End the Proliferation of Sweatshops
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Indeed, changes in the global economy have added to the proliferation of sweatshops. The robust economies of the west and in Asia have created a great demand for apparel and electronics. This coupled with the increases in the costs of living have made sweatshops very difficult to stop. In addition, large discount chains are able to provide consumers with high quality products at extremely low prices. Many consumers do not take the time to investigate why the price of these products are so low."
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Labor Unions, 2005.
An overview of labor unions and their decline.
1,872 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper provides an overview of labor unions, a number of reasons for a decline in their membership, and a discussion of right-to-work laws and their effect on the unionization process. An analysis of the similarities between conflict theorists and functional theorists in the discussion of labor unions is followed by a summary of the research in the conclusion.
From the Paper
"A labor union, according to Black's Law Dictionary (1990), is "a combination or association of workers organized for purposes of securing favorable wages, improved labor conditions, better hours of labor, etc., and righting grievances against employers (875). Labor unions generally represent trades, crafts, and other skilled workers such as plumbers and truck drivers (Black's 1990). Unions were originally formed in response to the increasingly severe hardships that were imposed on working people through the process of industrialization (Galenson 1994). The shifts from an agrarian to industrial society resulted in many people being uprooted from their traditional homes and work."
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The Migration of the Auto Industry, 2005.
A look at the southern migration of the automobile industry and its effects on the northern and eastern states.
1,366 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the impact that the automobile industry's southward migration has had on the northern and eastern states, which have been the traditional sources of labor and manufacturing for the automobile industry. The paper explains how the industry's relocation to southern states is threatening the economic future of the states it is leaving.
From the Paper
"When moving was not an option, the automobile industry was constantly closing plants and laying off employees to help balance the books. As recently as 1990's, companies needed to use solutions like labor force reduction to cut the associated cost of labor. This strategy was a always a resource nightmare as 'getting laid off' or 'getting downsized' became all too common buzz words. The automobile industry has found a viable alternative to moving abroad or shutting down facilities."
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Union Proposal, 2005.
A proposal presented about union labor disputes within Wal-Mart.
1,126 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This proposal is the precursor for a ful,l evaluative report on the retail giant, Wal-Mart, as a case study that focuses on the existing Labor Review Board cases, which deal with the retailer's attempts to thwart organizing labor efforts in Canada and associated outcomes of the cases. It explains that the detailed evaluations of existing turbulence within the ranks of Wal-Mart continue to present an excellent opportunity to identify and assess existing Canadian labor statutes and the statutes ability to meet the objectives of organizations such as Wal-Mart.
From the Paper
"In addition, there is a natural migration into the subject and evaluation of blatant shortcomings of certification, unfair labor practices and remedy provisions in Canadian labor legislation. The Wal-Mart situation covers a full spectrum of legal concerns such as the acquisition and termination of collective representation of employees, unfair labor practices and the associated regulations, collective bargaining schemes, the scope of individual's rights for collective bargaining and basic constitutional rights in a labor context. The foundation for this report has it roots in recent efforts of America's largest retailer Wal-Mart being put in a position of fending off multiple attempts to organize their employees by organized labor movements in both the United States and Canada. For example, in June of 2004, a combined effort of multiple organized labor factions planned and implemented a multi-million dollar campaign to organize Wal-Mart's existing and potential employees."
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Sexual Harassment: Impact and Consequences, 2005.
A look at the on-going problem of sexual harassment in the workplace.
1,052 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
In this paper, the author addresses many of the issues surrounding sexual harassment in the workplace, such as the risk of offensive language or jokes, perception vs. intent, and the ultimate cost of human gossip. Furthermore, the author attempts, through a more thorough look into the problems and situations surrounding the issues, to shed some light on many of the common misconceptions regarding sexual harassment.
From the Paper
"Despite widespread publicity and controversy over the problem of sexual harassment in the work place the growing challenge of preventing such an act continues to infest our work places. Several recent reports indicate that despite the acknowledgment of the continuing problem of sexual harassment, many employers have yet to fully address the problem. Moreover, recent news reports indicate that sexual harassment has found its way from the grunts of the cooperate world all the way to the highest levels of management."
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Career-Planning Websites, 2004.
This paper discusses career-planning websites.
1,560 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that career assessment, important to determining the correct career path, can be attained through many sources including online websites. The author evaluates two sites and finds them defective: Maryland?s CareerNet and a website by the Arizona State University Career Services. The paper suggests that an improved career-planning site includes an online interactive quiz to give people an idea of careers of which they might be interested, links to available jobs in their area, capability to post resumes and to review information about the employer, and has counselors available by telephone and Instant Messenger.
From the Paper
"The first CareerNet link I followed was to the ?My Future? website (http://www.myfuture.com). The first note about this site is that it is extremely pro-military, while trying to hide behind the facade of a non-biased website, and this not-very-subtle propaganda is undeniably in poor taste. The Career Toolbox section of this site includes assistance with resume and cover letter writing, interview preparation, more military propaganda, and quizzes. The Work Interest Quiz is the main career assessment activity. These 60 statements each have a check box next to them, and if any of these activities line up with the interests of the quiz-taker, they are to be marked."
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