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Male vs Female Gender Roles, 2008.
A discussion on gender, masculine attributes and the roles of American and African women in their respective societies.
1,430 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
The paper defines gender roles as behaviors and ways that are socially constructed and culturally regarded as appropriately male or female. These roles are first learned through interaction with primary care givers and peers. The paper comments that in the American culture, the traditional male gender role requires men and boys to avoid behaviors, which display emotions and affections. The paper also comments that modern gender roles have released the American woman from just being a homemaker. Her rights have increased as a result of many years of picketing and representations. The paper then continues and highlights the difference in gender roles in American and African women.
From the Paper
"Wife battering is also common. The United Nations reported that approximately 66-80% of Africa's farm work is done by women. Girls are at a definite disadvantage to boys in Africa's chauvinist society. Girls must drop out of school in favor of boys when resources are low. African women have proved that they can be leaders in their community as they are in their respective homes. They have demonstrated their capability as channels of economic empowerment. In comparison, many African men have, in fact, been unable to provide the same leadership and capability because of laziness or indifference. Their natural capabilities and willingness to respond to the task are, however, economically constrained because African men or husbands stubbornly remain the decision-makers of the home."
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Women, Islam, and Human Rights, 2008.
This paper argues that women who are practicing Muslims need to become interested in civil rights because they are in the best position to effect change in Muslim society.
907 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper begins with a look at the oppressive treatment of women in Mulsim societies and how this oppressive treatment took root. The paper then points out how Muslim women who recognize the civil rights abuses under many current Islamist regimes, remove themselves from Muslim society, which makes them unable to affect other Muslims. Consequently, these women cannot necessarily effect a change within Muslim society. The paper argues that women who are practicing Muslims are precisely the people who need to become interested in civil rights. In fact, women in Islam need to work for human rights, before there are no Muslim women left who believe in human rights. The paper concludes that by refusing to stand up to the unjust deprivation of their basic human freedoms, Muslim women are allowing people to corrupt their religion. Therefore, the preservation of Islam is the strongest argument for Muslim women working for Human Rights.
From the Paper
"First, it is important to note that, in its purest form, Islam may be the least-sexist of the world's major religions. Even the hijab, which is seen by many Westerners as a sign of anti-female oppression, was not initially intended as a means of suppressing women. On the contrary, the hijab was seen as a temporary solution to an increase in anti-female violence, meant as a stop-gap measure until men gained the appropriate self-control. However, cultural norms interfered. Like all cultures, Muslim culture sprang from a background of sexism. Purist ideals that were meant to elevate women to the status of equal were twisted and perverted to be used as a means of suppressing women. In fact, women faced a serious problem; because the subjugation of women was so intertwined into daily practice and absorbed into the religion, to question the role of women in Muslim society was oftentimes seen as questioning the existence of Allah. Therefore, many women suffered silently, internalizing Islam's negative teachings about women."
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HIV/AIDS in Society, 2008.
A literature review on behavior interventional strategies for adolescents and youths.
4,000 words (approx. 16.0 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 108.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a literature review on programs available to educate young people about HIV/AIDS. The paper examines some of the approaches being taken today and how effective they have been. The paper also attempts to show some of the ways in which the efficacy of these program has been tested and to suggest where more study is needed to improve these programs and make them as effective as possible, with the ultimate goal being to change risky behavior and so to reduce the incidence of HIV infection.
Outline:
Background
Objectives
Selection Criteria
Search Strategy
Methods of the Review
Description of Studies and Results
Methodological Quality
Discussion and Conclusions
From the Paper
"The author analyzes recent literature investigating human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk behavior among street youth, finding that prevalence rates of both adolescent homelessness and HIV seropositivity are unknown but that data from a number of samples document a high prevalence of HIV risk behavior, sexually transmitted diseases, and alcohol/drug use among homeless adolescents. A number of individual and social factors are associated with street survival and may also propel adolescents toward high-risk behavior. Unfortunately, for some adolescents, testing HIV positive is seen as advantageous in the procurement of basic needs such as food and shelter. Any HIV risk-reduction interventions must consider the cause of homelessness, access to and participation in shelter services, and individual factors (such as the effects of sexual orientation and ethnicity) that often have not been systematically included in previous research. HIV risk for many homeless adolescents derives directly from their state of homelessness, and national policies and funding are therefore needed to address the health needs of these youth. How effective such programs may be depends on how they are shaped, how they are presented, and the precise nature of the social situation."
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The Homosexual Community, 2008.
Presents a research proposal to compare the attitudes and perceptions of older and younger members of the homosexual community.
4,370 words (approx. 17.5 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 115.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a research proposal to compare points of view of the current generation of homosexuals and lesbians with those of the older generation to see what the different concerns may be and to consider why these changes have come to pass. The paper makes the assumption that the position of gays in American society has changed over the last three decades or so and that much of the militancy in the gay community has been successful enough to achieve greater acceptance, a reduction in discrimination (at least in most communities), and that the concerns that come to the fore today are different from those that were given most emphasis in the same community in the past.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
The Problem and Its Components
Introduction
Problem Background
Literature Review
Purpose of the Study
Research Questions and Hypotheses
Limitations/Delimitations
Definitions
Importance of the Study
Review of Literature
Methodology
Procedures
Data Processing and Analysis
From the Paper
"One of the major changes for the younger generation over the generation from the 1960s and 1970s is the spread of AIDS. In many cases, AIDS serves as an impetus and rationale for controlling marginal groups and dangerous behaviors and provides society with the opportunity to expand and rationalize control over a broad range of psychological phenomena and interpersonal behaviors. Social control today involves dispersed centers and agents of surveillance and discipline throughout the whole community (as occurs with workplace drug testing)."
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Gender Identity Disorder, 2008.
A look at the clinical diagnosis of gender identity disorder, the cause and prevalence of the disorder, and controversies within the counseling profession related to gender identity disorder.
1,255 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper reports the diagnostic criteria and typical course of gender identity disorder including the theories of this disorder and the etiology and prevalence of this disorder. Evidence-based treatments found to be most effective are also reported as well as a consensus and controversies of the disorder in this field of study.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Clinical Diagnosis
Cause and Prevalence of GID
Controversies in the Field
Evidence-Based Therapies
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"The work of Duncan Osborne entitled: "Voices- Identity Crisis" relates the condition and the controversies very well in a story that tells of a five-year-old boy whom he treated. Later the child was treated as an adult. Osborne relates that generally these children who have been diagnosed with gender identity disorder grow up to be homosexual. Osborne reports a study conducted in the early 1980's by Green who finds that, among 44 such boys with gender identity disorder that: "...75% were either gay or bisexual and one wanted sex reassignment.""
According to Osborne, Psychologist Kenneth J. Zucker, head of Toronto's Child and Adolescent Gender Identity Service at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, is a "leading GID expert who has seen roughly 625 children or adolescents since 1978." (2003) According to Osborne, Zucker states that: "The majority of kids will have resolved their gender dysphoria and identify themselves as gay. We're also going to find that around 15% have a significant gender dysphoria that has persisted into adolescence and young adulthood to the point where they are wanting sex reassignment. If we add on to that a small minority of kids who report being heterosexual, we're seeing a real range of outcomes." (Osborne, 2
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"Why Can't He Hear What I'm Saying?", 2008.
A review of Deborah Tannen's "Why Can't He Hear What I'm Saying?" that contrasts the different communication styles of men and women.
1,155 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
The paper asserts that Deborah Tannen in her essay "Why Can't He Hear What I'm Saying?" confirms most readers' everyday experience of communication with compelling stories as well as convincing theories. The paper explains Tannens theory that both the man and the woman are listening to one another, but because they have been taught different ways of communicating, different values and to have different purposes when speaking, they feel as if they are not communicating.
The paper concludes that learning about the differences in communication between the genders teaches men and women that everyone is different, that differences are not necessarily bad and ultimately makes both men and women better listeners.
From the Paper
"In her work, Tannen writes that the differences between men and women in communication styles can be seen early on, when little boys and girls are playing on the playground. "Little girls tend to play in small groups" (124) Although boys and girls may play together, the games that only girls play often don't have an objective, like jump rope or hopscotch. "Girls like to play cooperatively" (134). The point of these games is to help others by turning the rope, letting others take their turns, and engaging in fun songs, for the sake of talking, not for the sake of winning or beating someone else. "Little boys tend to play in larger groups" (134)."
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Social Work Practice wth Lesbian Gay and Bisexual People, 2008.
An overview of social work practices in the gay world.
1,035 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper sets out to research the social work practice with lesbian, gay and bisexual individuals with specific focus on the special population in relation to the problem that the social worker faces in assisting these individuals. Two social agencies and the problems that they encounter on a daily basis in dealing with these individuals are reviewed as well as the national and legislative actions relative to the problems.
Objective
Introduction
National Association of Social Workers (NASW) Standards
Factors Identified by other Professionals
Social Workers Support LSB Issues in Legislation
Center for Workforce Studies
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"The work of Appleby and Anastas entitled: 'Not Just a Passing Phase: Social Work with Gay, Lesbian and Bisexual People" relates that a range of everyday problems for gay, lesbian and bisexual people exists including oppression, family acceptance, shame, identity development, HIV disease and addiction. (1999)
"The National Association of Social Workers (NASW) "believes that the same-gender sexual orientation should b afforded the same respect and rights as other-gender sexual orientation." (2007) Furthermore, NASW holds a commitment to working to eliminate prejudice and discrimination based on an individual's sexual orientation inside and outside the social workers profession."
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Medieval Epic Literature, 2008.
Looks at gender ideals in medieval epic literature as presented in "Beowulf", "Sir Gawain and the Green Knight" and Geoffrey Chaucer's "Canterbury Tales".
1,435 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the medieval masculine and feminine ideals are very well represented in three major texts of English literature: "Beowulf", "Sir Gawain and the Green Knight" and Geoffrey Chaucer's "Canterbury Tales". The main heroes and their female companions in these three texts share very important features, both physically and psychically, which indicates that there is a pattern in medieval literature regarding the essential characteristics of a virtuous individual. The author contends that the main necessary features for the male hero are honor, prowess, valor and purity of heart; however, the female characters, who are also very virtuous, pure and extremely beautiful, are passive characters that serve only as instruments to men's actions.
From the Paper
"The male ideal briefly sketched above is complemented by the female ideal of such characters as Wealhtheow, King Hrothgar's wife in "Beowulf", or Guinevere, King Arthur's wife. Both are perfect beauties and virtuous, gentle persons. However, they are no more than icons, without a real importance. Although Wealhtheow seems to play a role in the poem as she makes two speeches in important moments of the action and performs ritualistic acts, she is actually just an instrument in the very masculine world of the epic. Women do no play a role as such in the medieval society, although they can have some value as emblems for purity and beauty."
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Los Angeles Lakers, 2008.
A review of the rise of the Los Angeles Lakers and the emergence of African-American sports stars as cultural icons for masculinity development.
3,208 words (approx. 12.8 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 92.95
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Abstract
The paper comments that African-American culture has evolved significantly in the past two decades and while the overall socio-economic conditions of African-Americans within the United States have changed substantially for the better, their cultural and institutional instincts can only be subjectively understood. The paper states that one of the growing phenomenons of this era is the emergence of sports, not only as part of their cultural legacy, but as a defining factor in masculinity. This paper looks at the cultural phenomenon of black masculinity as it is defined through the evolution of basketball into an almost defining form of masculinity within African-American culture. The paper states that basketball has transcended the development of networks and social apparatus to become an institutional concept of identity for the black community. The paper notes further that not only has it impacted youth but it is in the process of redefining traditional African-American values and attitudes.
From the Paper
"The unprecedented success of the Lakers' three championship runs had many consequences on the media, the players, and the youth culture that thrived on their heroes' achievements. Michael Jordan once jokingly told Chicago Tribune reporter Bob Greene, "The media's crazy, they never let you go. It's like once they start following you, there's no more privacy". Although Kobe Bryant and the Lakers did not garner the same media blitz that Jordan endured throughout his career, they definitely felt the glitz and glamour of public adoration. Kobe subsequently made twelve commercials for Reebok in the year after their first championship. He signed multimillion dollar contracts with four different companies including one with Adidas for 80 million dollars. Magazines from ESPN to GQ all fought to feature him, as his reputation and name became part of the image of American basketball."
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Women in Central America, 2008.
This paper looks at the role of women in Central America and the social background.
1,715 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that the role of women in the Central America area is complicated. The writer notes that on the one hand, women are not given the same rights as men and are also treated by the Church and society in a paternal fashion. On the other hand, many women in such societies work more often side by side with men in the fields and in some urban work situations, though they tend to be under-represented in higher level positions, in business, and in the professions. The writer points out that more and more analysts are recognizing, however, that women in Central America may be a key factor in bringing about change for the future.
Outline:
Social Analysis
Ethical Considerations
Business Strategy
From the Paper
"The shift has been one from a strategic to a more pragmatic perspective as well. The one approach prepares women for a role in development by teaching them skills and providing them with needed goods and tools for the tasks of caring for the family, for instance, while the other takes the approach of gender mainstreaming, which means using strategies and processes to integrate gender-responsive goals in directions, policies, budget, projects, and services of development agencies. The approach tries to assure that men and women have equitable access to needed resources, among which might be socially valued goods, opportunities, and rewards. GAD also implies equal participation in influencing what is valued in a society and in helping to shape development, taking a role in planning, priority setting, policies, processes, implementation, evaluation, and resource allocations."
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Gender in "Twelfth Night", 2008.
This paper explores Shakespeare's gender constructions and cross-dressing in the play "Twelfth Night".
2,016 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
The paper explores Shakespeare's gender disguise that distorted female identity and investigates early modern constructions of gender as distinct from sexual difference. The paper examines the play "Twelfth Night" in order to show how it was Shakespeare's intention to challenge gender taboos of the Elizabethan age.
From the Paper
"Considered by critics as Shakespeare's best achievement in the comic genre, the play Twelfth Night or, What You Will affords an elaborate exploration of love and power relationships, gender roles and taboos. Identity poses highly confounding problems, as there are numerous layers to the characters' gender roles and their maze-like relationships and (homo) erotic affinities. Through a range of female characters and the implications of (wo)man disguises, Shakespeare exposes gender issues. Several heroines of the comedies appear in disguise on the Renaissance stage, which represents the cultural context of the play."
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Moral Theology, 2008.
This paper explores a definition for the nature of good virtue.
1,128 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at the ideas of three contemporary theorists, Carol Gilligan, James Fowler and James T. Brotzke regarding the meaning of virtue. The paper shows how each of these three theorists bring a unique and often conflicting perspective onto what it means to be moral and thus have good virtues. The paper concludes that there is no answer to the question of what is good virtue since too many independent and personal factors go into determining what one person considers to be virtuous.
From the Paper
"The fundamental moral question of human existence is what is the nature of good virtues? Although virtues by its very nature means good, or the opposite of vice, this does not make the answer to the question any simpler. Every individual has a different idea of what virtues are, meaning that to one person a virtue may be a virtue but to another the virtue is perceived as a vice. The result is that there is no definition as to what is virtuous, therefore leading to the ongoing question of "what is the nature of good virtue?""
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Gender Roles in "Beowulf" and "Confessions", 2008.
A review of the history of gender roles and their depiction in "Beowulf" and St. Augustine's "Confessions."
1,779 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the depiction of gender roles in "Beowulf" and by St. Augustine in his "Confessions." The paper argues that pagan gender roles as described in "Beowulf" were different than those prescribed by St. Augustine in his "Confessions," demonstrating that Christian beliefs may have eliminated the "warrior-woman" of ancient times, leaving only the submissive role as a model for women to follow. The paper contains notes about the translation of "Beowulf" at the end.
From the Paper
"After six months in Cassiacum, Augustine was baptized in the church of St. John the Baptist in Milan. Then he and his mother started out on a trip to Africa, stopping at Civita Vecchia and at Ostia, where death claimed Monica. Mourning for his mother, Augustine penned the finest pages of his Confessions. Monica was a good mother, but Augustine regretted that, as a young man, he did not follow her example of Christian faith. However, Augustine credited Monica with planting the seeds of faith in his heart. He called his conversion a return to the faith she had instilled in him as a child. "So be fulfilled what my mother desired of me--more richly in the prayers of so many gained for her through these confessions of mine than by my prayers alone" (Confessions, Book IX.13.37)"
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"The Bluest Eyes" - "Disgrace", 2008.
An analysis of how both Toni Morrison's novel,"The Bluest Eye", and J. M. Coetzee's novel, "Disgrace", subtly comment on the race and gender within their respective societies.
2,599 words (approx. 10.4 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 78.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes, compares and contrasts Toni Morrison's novel, "The Bluest Eye" and J.M. Coetzee's novel, "Disgrace". The paper describes the approach to gender and race in each book and notes that, although they have fundamental differences, both Morrison and Coetzee contend that, despite political actions to create a "colorless, raceless, genderless" society, social stigmas are hard to eliminate.
From the Paper
"Coetzee's novel "Disgraced" focuses on the life of David Lurie in post-apartheid South Africa. In the wake of political reforms that has changed the policies of the entire government, Coetzee attempts to show through his novel that racism and sexism are still as prevalent as ever. Lurie is castigated from society for his love of Byron Romanticism, and demonized as a sexual offender because of his illicit relationship with a much younger student. Ultimately, the plot surrounds the brutal rape of David's daughter Lucy, which results from the neglect of the rural community outside of Cape Town. The purpose of Coetzee's novel is to reveal the truth behind South African social lore, instead of the equality that is suppose to pertain to the post apartheid era, it is evident that without much structural support there is little political changes can make on social opinion and stigma. Ultimately the same sentiments that existed preceding the apartheid are still evident through this narrative. It is a story of dehumanization and indignity, with the focus on the fall of David Lurie's self-respect and a deeper understanding of social stigma."
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Ethics Case: Homosexuality, 2008.
Looks at an ethics case of a homosexual salesman at Kirkham McDowell Securities.
3,405 words (approx. 13.6 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 96.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Kirkham McDowell Securities, an underwriting and financial advisory firm, sells services through its sales personnel whose reputation must be beyond reproach if it must remain competitive. The paper then describes a moral issue in which the company wants to cancel a banquet honoring a homosexual salesman because he has unexpectedly reveled that he has a gay partner whom he intends to bring to this occasion.The paper concludes that the company's priority goals are to preserve the company reputation of decency with clients in order to retain their patronage and to proceed to honor and reward the valuable contributions of the firm's employees in a fitting occasion; therefore, the decision to convert the dinner into an inter-office event recognizes both objectives.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Decision
Standard of Conduct
Character, Virtue and Relationship
Purposes and Consequences
From the Paper
"The central issue is Adam's homosexuality, which is an applied ethics issue because homosexuality is a moral issue, not only in business but also universally. Times may have changed a lot. With increasing numbers of gay people turning up in recent years, homosexuality has become commonplace. Gay communities have formed and lobby for their rights. By sheer and growing numbers, gays and lesbians command a place in society and thus a claim of having been accepted. But on the whole, they are still frowned upon. Homosexuality is still generally rejected as a form of sexual immorality despite gay people's assertion that they have the fundamental right to make their own gender preferences, which society must accept."
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Sexual Relations in Different Cultural Groups, 2008.
This paper looks at the societal regulation of sexual relations in different social groups.
1,000 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that throughout the world there are different cultural norms, or otherwise stated, there are different activities that are either accepted or shunned within different cultural groups. The writer points out that this is especially true of sexual relations within a culture. Different marriage systems exist within different sectors of society and within different cultures throughout the world. The writer researches and relates the different methods used in various societies in order to regulate sexual relations among members of that cultural group. This paper includes color diagrams.
Outline:
Objective
Introduction
Basic Regulations of 'Exogamy' and 'Endogamy' in Cultures/Societies
Yanomamo Culture
Sexual Relations among Young People in Developing Countries
Kinship & Anthropology
Summary & Conclusion
From the Paper
"All societies have rules related to certain incest taboos, or rules of 'exogamy'. This states a specific range or category of relatives that may not be considered for marriage or sexual partners by those within the society. Rules of 'endogamy' within a culture or society relates to marriage restriction not only among kin who are closely related but also rules that specifically channel individuals towards marriage within certain groups. The following diagram illustrates three specific ranges of relationships which are those of ..."
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Gender and Career Choices, 2008.
This paper explores the influence of gender on career choices today.
1,586 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
The paper reviews the literature concerning the impact of gender on occupations in the past and today. The paper concludes that many of the same trends that have affected the gender of a given occupation in the past can be expected to come into play in the future as well. The paper points out, however, that the impact of technology will likely have more of an effect on these strict gender-divisions than in the 19th and even the 20th centuries. The paper explains that things are changing faster as more people seek out alternative work arrangements such as telecommuting, where an individual's gender will likely be of less significance. The paper includes a table, graphs and extensive source material.
Outline:
Review and Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Some men and women may simply disregard certain career fields because of stereotypical perceptions of either the work involved or of the types of people that seek out such professions. In the not-so-distant past, people's career choices were related in many ways to their gender, with many fields being regarded as the sole domain of either men or women. Today, though, women enjoy many of the same opportunities as their male counterparts in almost every field of endeavor, and while the so-called glass ceiling may remain firmly in place in some regions of the country, enormous progress has been made in recent years to help level the playing field for everyone in the United States in terms of employment."
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Planned Parenting in the Philippines, 2008.
This study provides an applied anthropological analysis of family planning in the Philippines while assessing the role gender inequities play in family planning preferences.
3,712 words (approx. 14.8 pages), 16 sources, APA, $ 102.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer of the paper explores planned parenting in the Philippines as it relates to gender equality rights and cultural preferences, using an anthropological perspective and analysis. The paper begins by outlining the evolution of family planning perceptions in the Philippines through recent history and defines how previous perceptions have influenced male and female responsibilities regarding planned parenting. The paper explores this subject using an applied anthropology approach, investigating human behavior and the applications it has to contemporary issues, in this case planned parenting. This approach offers a view of human behavior in the Philippines grounded in cultural exploration and actions resulting from such cultural investigation.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Background to Study
Evolution of Family Planning Perceptions in the Philippines
Overview 1990s and Beyond
Perceptions of Male-Female Responsibilities
Analysis and Conclusions
From the Paper
"The results of the study suggest that historically family planning in the Philippines has been widely ignored despite increasing interest among women to limit the number of children they have.
"While recent initiatives have encouraged more emphasis on modern contraceptive use and methods of pregnancy prevention, recent decentralization of political policy has lead to little motivation for women to seek family planning alternatives and often resorting to abortion as a method of pregnancy prevention. Women seem to be the primary decision-makers when it comes to family planning, although in many cases husbands seem to object based on prenatal beliefs or concerns about the costs associated with family planning. This study also shows that healthcare providers consist largely of women in the Philippines with the exception of doctors, and most of these women often encourage women to engage in safe family planning practice. "
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Friends with Benefits, 2008.
A discussion of the positive and negative effects of a "friends with benefits" relationship.
2,653 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 79.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the term, "friends With benefits" that is used with a tongue-in-cheek attitude. The paper states that it has been downplayed as a fun type of relationship precluding the commitment level of a more serious attachment. The paper confirms that it is a sexual relationship between friends, without the time or emotional commitment of a romantic relationship and is seen as including all the fun of a sexual relationship without the commitment. The paper warns that it has also not been recognized that the consequences of such a lack of commitment could be both emotionally and physically harmful, which is particularly so among the young and inexperienced. This paper explores the nature of the "friends with benefits" phenomenon and its possible consequences; both positive and negative together with its manifestations among the very young and young adults, with recommendations on how harm could be minimized.
Outline:
Literature Review
Theoretical Application
Implications
Conclusion
From the Paper
"According to Murphy (2005), the phrase was coined around 1995, and popularized by an Alanis Morrisette song. The concept has subsequently been implemented by the young generation in their 20s, and further popularized by the media in shows such as Sex and the City (with the term "fuck buddy") and more recently Boston Legal. Murphy further notes however that, as mentioned above, the dangers of the practice have started to make themselves clear in the lives and environment of people in high schools and even in junior high schools. Indeed, the "benefits" include enjoying the physical pleasure of sex without the premature burden of responsibility and commitment, and also a form of sexual empowerment for girls. Benedict Carey (2007) holds that the perceived benefits of such a relationship relates to the fact that the friendship adds an element of longevity that is absent from a fling or a one-night stand. It also provides a sense of companionship that is generally absent from other brief sexual encounters and generally only comes with a longer-term commitment."
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