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Dental Ethics, 2008.
This paper discusses how important it is for dental hygienists to have training in ethics.
803 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper states that dental hygienists must study ethics before they begin their actual employment so that they are better prepared to make sound decisions and actions based on ethical considerations. The paper reinforces this statement by looking at some of the ethical dilemmas dental hygienists commonly face and how the study of ethics would help them deal with these dilemmas. The paper maintains that a multifaceted approach to formal ethics instruction that includes community-based service-learning can improve learning and influence the students' attitudes and perceptions about their role as oral healthcare providers in such areas as access to care, disparity, and working in a diverse community.
From the Paper
"As all other healthcare professionals, dental hygienists have responsibilities to their patients, employers, associations and, most important, to their own personal integrity. It is therefore critical that they be prepared to make sound decisions and actions based on ethical considerations. The growing importance of enforcing ethical behavior in dental hygiene is observed by seeing the number of dental schools that now have formal ethics courses as part of their curricula. Over the last three decades, dental professionals have emphasized the requisite for ethics training and dialogue."
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Organizational Ethics, 2008.
A case study analysis of the ethical dilemma faced by a CPA firm in donating their time.
716 words (approx. 2.9 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 25.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a case study analysis of the CPA firm, Good and Good who donate the preparation of one tax return for the silent auction of a local non-profit organization. It describes the ethical dilemma that the firm is faced with when the winner of the silent auction is announced. The paper looks at the options available to the firm to deal with the dilemma as well as the recommended solution to the problem.
From the Paper
"In the future, the firm of Good and Good should take precautions to prevent this situation from happening again. Because it is good publicity, and thus good for business, to make an annual contribution to the non-profit organization's fundraising event, they should continue to do it (especially if such clients as Mr. Pinchpenny become regular clients as a result of the service). However, in order to prevent a loss such as that in the example, Good and Good should attach qualifications to their donation. For example, their donation could be the free preparation of an individual tax return up to a value of $450.00."
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Ethical Theories, 2008.
A discussion on numerous ethical issues surrounding the widespread use of technology.
1,671 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses three ethical theories as they apply to technology, utilizing Vincent Ruggiero's application of reasoning in ethics. The technological area that the paper focuses on is the use of educational materials that are freely accessible online. The paper describes a case where a teacher uses an article that was freely available online for classroom purposes and explains that an ethical issues arises when the teacher distributes the article to the class. The paper then analyzes whether the teacher's actions are ethical or unethical using Vincent Ruggiero's criteria as well as several other different ethical theories, including Utilitarian theory, Kantian ethics, and Aristotle's moral theory. The paper concludes that the teacher's actions can be described as either ethical or unethical, depending on which particular theory is applied but that Ruggiero's criteria in evaluating these types of situations assists us in looking at the entire picture. Only by examining all of the potential effects and consequences of our actions are we able to make the correct moral decisions.
Outline:
Introduction
Analysis
Theories Applying to the Issue
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Several different ethical theories can be applied to the issue of using copyrighted materials found on the Internet for educational use. Three ethical theories to examine under the case are Utilitarian theory, Kantian ethics, and Aristotle's moral theory. According to Utilitarian theories, an action is right if it promotes the best consequences. Under these theories, the best consequences are those in which happiness is maximized. According to Utilitarian theories, the teacher's use is acceptable because the best consequence to be promoted through the use of the material sis the furtherance of education."
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Corporate Malfeasance, 2008.
This paper discusses several corporate scandals and their many negative effects.
788 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at the scandals where large corporations' top management acted in an ethically and morally unsound manner, wanting more for themselves than the stakeholders that they actually worked for. The paper relates that unethical behavior of corporations results not only in a huge monetary loss but also in the loss of stakeholder trust and confidence as well as a negative effect on the stock market. The paper asserts that corporate malfeasance will be part of the corporate world in the years to come and so the answer is not in implementing more regulations, but rather ensuring that the laws and regulations already in place can prevent and detect, if not totally eradicate, corporate malfeasance in the future.
From the Paper
"The late 1990s and the early 2000 rocked the corporate world with a variety of scandals reported in the news. The scandals were brought about by several large corporations' top management doing deeds that are not only fiscally questionable but ethically and morally unsound as well. "Deceptive and fraudulent activities carried out by corporate officers, investment banks, brokerage firms and investment analysts have cost investors billions. Trusted financial market professionals abandoned ethical principles (repeatedly, in both bull and bear markets, in the most materially advantaged country ever) as they pursued excessive material well being. (Creative Investment Research, 2003)" "
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Moral Values in Economics, 2008.
This paper explores the moral issues raised by economic justice and financial responsibility.
2,931 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 86.95
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Abstract
The paper questions what role economic justice and financial responsibility have in today's world and defines the scope of this issue. The paper explores the norms, principles and guidelines that apply to the situation and provides an analysis of a morally appropriate outcome. The paper concludes with a discussion of the role of moral agency, conscience and freedom on reaching a resolution to this complex question.
Outline:
Introduction
Defining the Scope and Impact of the Question
Moral Methodology for Approaching Solution
Analysis and Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In today's economically driven world where the placement of focus and personal achievement is determined by the size of one's bank account or net worth, churches and theologians have had to come to issue with how one can balance a traditionally moral life in today's often immoral world. Out of this struggle arose the theories of economic justice and financial responsibility. The essence of these combinations is to bring traditional moral values into economics, thus allowing one to live a moral life through the proper use of their wealth."
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Bioethical Research, 2008.
This paper discusses the issue of ethics within the field of biology.
1,555 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that one of the elements of research that has an impact on how the research is conducted and how it is then applied is the ethics of the research design. The writer discusses that any research design is required to follow certain ethical requirements, notably those involving informed consent, but others relate to how people are chosen, what they are told of the research, how the research is analyzed, how the findings are presented and how any findings are used to implement action after that. The writer points out that certain types of research raise more ethical issues than others, and ethical concepts have been set forth more directly for some types of research than for others. How well these requirements are followed has an impact on public health, future research, legislation, and public welfare. The writer concludes that bioethics has also become more and more enmeshed with religious issues in an era where abortion is more common and the possibility of human cloning is raised, even simply the cloning of cells for stem cell research.
From the Paper
"The ethical guidelines for research, and especially for this type of research, begin with the requirement for informed consent. This means that all of the participants have to understand that they are being diverted to one or the other of these methods of treatment and that they are willing to do so. This means that the choice has been explained to them and that they understand the implications, which in this case would be that one treatment may be more effective than the other. This means that participants must be informed about the purpose of the research, how long it is to last, and the procedures to be followed. They have to know that they have the right to decline to participate and that they may indeed withdraw once the research begins if they feel that this would benefit them. The possible consequences of being in one group or the other need to be explained, which in this case means explaining the hypothesis that one of these methods is more effective than the other."
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Animal Rights, 2008.
A discussion on how ethics and morality extend to matters associated with the treatment of animals.
3,528 words (approx. 14.1 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 99.95
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Abstract
The paper summarizes and critiques several different theories associated with the ethical treatment of animals. The paper focuses on the treatment of animals as it relates to hunting and trapping animals, eating animals, using animals for research, and the manner in which domestic and wild animals are treated. The paper summarizes and critiques several theories including anthropocentrism, animal liberation, strong animal rights theory, weak(er) animal rights theory, two-factor egalitarianism, biocentric egalitarianism and ecocentric views.
Outline:
Introduction
Anthropocentrism
Animal Liberation
Biocentric Egalitarianism
Weak Animal Rights Theory
Strong Animal Rights Theory
Two Factor Egalitarianism
Ecocentric Views
Opinion Concerning Ethical Issues and the best Theory to Address These Issues
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Finally, as it relates to the manner in which domestic and wild animals are treated, there must be standards associated with their treatment. As it relates to domestic animals there are many laws that govern their treatment and the responsibilities that owners have for their pets. As it relates to wild animals there is a definite need to have animals at zoos for the purpose of educating people. If an animal is near extinction people might have more compassion and a greater understanding of the plight of the animal if they were educated about their existence and why it needs to be preserved. Educating people may also challenge them to do what they can to preserve a particular species. As with domestic animals there are rules a regulations that govern the treatment of animals at zoos and aquariums, these regulations should be adhered to and in some cases the laws. "
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Airplane Industry Ethics, 2008.
This paper focuses on the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB)'s conflicts of interest in investigating airplane crashes.
2,371 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
The paper reveals that many families of the victims of airplane crashes believe the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) to be incapable of adequately monitoring the airline industries. The paper explains that these families charge that the NTSB is biased since it has too close a relationship with the airlines, which causes an inevitable conflict of interest. The paper points out the reliance on the airlines' integrity to hand over evidence from plane crashes and uses the crash of United Airlines Flight 585 in 1991 as a case in point. The paper discusses the need for a fair investigation and proposes using independent experts during crash investigations to achieve these unbiased findings.
From the Paper
"A plane crash, "whether a large commercial airliner or a tiny home-built ultra light sets into motion a flurry of events" and always inevitably cumulates with a National Transportation Safety Board investigation (Hise 1991:1). "The men and women of the NTSB have a rare breed of government job," in that they are nonpartisan, non-official law enforcement authorities given the investigational power to find the cause, "often beginning with little more than a handful of crushed aluminum, of almost every aviation crash they investigate" and issue a report on airplane crashes (Hise 1999:1). These men and women are supposed to be noble fact-finders, neither interested in the airline industry's financial future, the bottom line of corporate America, or even the feelings of the families and the victims of the crash."
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"Wal-mart: The High Cost of Low Price", 2008.
A critical review of the film "Wal-mart: The High Cost of Low Price" directed by Robert Greenwald.
1,603 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
The paper describes the film "Wal-Mart: The High Cost of Low Price" as an effective, eye-opening account of the Wal-Mart legacy of exploitation, lies, deceit and snuffing out competition, all in the name of low prices for consumers. The paper discusses how the film illustrates how Wal-Mart takes over retail in communities, exploits its workers both in the United States and abroad and gleefully watches small retailers fail when they move into town. The paper posits that it is a mesmerizing look into the world of big business in America that will make any viewer stop and think about what, where and how they purchase the commodities they use every day.
From the Paper
"There are so many main points to this film it is hard to narrow them down, but ultimately, the theme is that Wal-Mart is a deceptive, unethical, and disreputable corporation. They use illegal and highly questionable business practices for the sole reason of making a huge profit, and ensuring the happiness of their shareholders. They exploit their workers both in the United States and around the world, they cost taxpayers billions of dollars in welfare and health benefits, and they gleefully run small business owners out of their long held, family-owned enterprises. And yet, they are one of the most successful retailers in history, and the largest retailer in the world."
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The Issues of Tomorrow, 2008.
This paper looks at the global, business and education issues of the future.
2,695 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 80.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the major relevant global issues, enhancing ethical considerations, forming interdisciplinary curricula and teams and incorporating socio-cultural differences into a whole. The paper reveals that the next 20 years are going to be the most telling on the future of the world. The paper concludes that what we need is a unified human effort without socio-cultural barriers working as an interdisciplinary team to develop creative solutions.
Outline:
Global Issues
Ethics
Interdisciplinary Education
Sociocultural Relationships
Critical/Creative Thinking
From the Paper
"According to J.E. Rischard, the World-Bank's vice president for Europe, the next twenty years will be the most important for the world's survival. Two major issues concern everyone--the precipitous population growth and the new economy. The world will be going from 6 billion people today to about 8 billion by 2020-2025 in less than one generation. Second, a world-wide economic revolution focused on markets and very inexpensive technologies has changed societies and led to greater dislocations than ever before. Earlier industrialized nations had to learn how to deal with transforming energy and materials. Now the emphasis is on time and distance. This new economy rewards efficiency and speed, global networking, continuous learning, and total reliability. Any organization that cannot compete will have a difficult time surviving."
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Moral Dimensions of Punishment, 2008.
An analysis of how morality can be applied to the punishment of criminals.
841 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the moral dimensions of punishment, particularly with regard to criminals and incarceration. The paper argues that how stridently the criminal justice system pursues convicted criminals is a core moral and ethical issue. The paper also briefly looks at morally gray areas of punishment such as maximum security prisons and the procedures used to control and monitor inmates.
From the Paper
"Morally gray areas of punishment include maximum security prisons and the procedures used to control and monitor inmates. The basic conflict is between the rights of the individual offender and the rights of the victim. Justice system professionals, policy makers, and citizens face ethical conundrums when contemplating the ideal balance. What role the state should have in terms of surveillance of convicted sex offenders may also pose problems for policy makers and justice system officials. Moreover, punishment is almost always informed by political decisions, which creates further moral problems. A "tough on crime" fervor that swept through the United States during the 1980s and which still persists has had a profound impact on many American citizens. Three strikes laws and strident drugs laws are a few examples of when "tough on crime" can be an ethically questionable justice policy."
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Ethics of Animal Exploitation, 2008.
This paper discusses Peter Singer's philosophy on the ethics of animal welfare.
2,023 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses Peter Singer's beliefs that while we may exploit animals for food or clothing, we need to be certain that we take the interests of the animals into consideration. The paper paints a picture of the often cruel treatment of animals by humans where there is no ethical consideration of the animal's interests whatsoever. The paper stresses that while the idea of producing mass quantities of low-cost food is not in itself evil, innocent animals deserve ethically defensible treatment.
From the Paper
"Peter Singer is acknowledged as the father of the animal rights movement. His book Practical Ethics (1979) actually does not argue for animal rights, but rather for animal welfare. Singer's philosophy is utilitarian. His utilitarian approach is to judge right and wrong behavior on the basis of the behavior's consequences. The right act is the one that maximizes positive or beneficial consequences for all parties involved. The good or bad effects an action produces provide the basis for judgment of the action itself. The consequences of the individual specific act are what matter--and not what would happen if everybody acted the same way. This view is called act-utilitarianism."
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Ethical Treatment of Animals, 2008.
A strong argument against the practice of animal testing.
1,649 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
The paper argues that animal testing cannot provide firm evidence that a new product is safe because of the differences between humans' and animals' body structures. The paper reveals that products which do not produce any problem in animals can cause side effects in humans. The paper contends that the testing methods used are immoral and violate an animal's rights and asserts that only alternative testing methods should be used.
From the Paper
"Most animals living with their owners will be able to spend their lives happily because they will always get love from their owners. Meanwhile, there are many other animals living in terrifying circumstances inside a laboratory. They are living in a small cage and they can only expect to be used as a test subject for new substances in the future. Experimentation on live animals began as early as the 17th century and the practice of testing cosmetics on animals began in 1933 ("History of Animal Testing"). Today, there are many varieties of animals used for experiments, and the number is enormous."
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Organizational Ethics Issues Resolution, 2008.
A review of the neglect of management integrity capacity with particular reference to the Enron debacle.
1,553 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how the Enron debacle that occurred in late 2001 illustrated how an ethically unsound business can have devastating and widespread effects on the international business community. The paper continues and reiterates that the reason for the collapse of Enron was an absence of ideation and practice of ethical values. Market failure occurred due to information asymmetries, in which unfairness of the imbalance exceeded simple competitive advantage, while compromising the rights of others. The paper states that six ethical decision-making steps can be applied to the organizational ethics issue of Enron in order to further understand the process involved in solving ethical issues.
Outline:
Issue Clarification
Stakeholder Analysis
Values Identification
Issue Resolution
Addressing Objections
Resolution Implementation
From the Paper
"The collapse of Enron at the end of 2001 resulted in the second largest corporate bankruptcy in American history to date. The fraudulent practices of Enron executives resulted in stakeholder betrayals (Petrick & Scherer, 2003). Stakeholders were deceived by Enron executives, betrayals which contravene any ethical code. This choice among Enron executives to betray stakeholders in order to promote short term financial gain resulted in the destruction of their own personal and business reputations, exposure to the possibility of criminal and civil prosecution, as well as bankruptcy. Stakeholders, including institutional and individual investors, were misinformed regarding the financial stability of Enron due to fraudulent accounting practices, and this resulted in a loss of millions of dollars. Secondary and tertiary stakeholders were also negatively affected by the Enron scandal. For example, Enron executives placed pressure on accounting and law firms to partake in unethical practices in order to accrue short term, temporary gain."
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Moral Theology, 2008.
This paper explores a definition for the nature of good virtue.
1,128 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at the ideas of three contemporary theorists, Carol Gilligan, James Fowler and James T. Brotzke regarding the meaning of virtue. The paper shows how each of these three theorists bring a unique and often conflicting perspective onto what it means to be moral and thus have good virtues. The paper concludes that there is no answer to the question of what is good virtue since too many independent and personal factors go into determining what one person considers to be virtuous.
From the Paper
"The fundamental moral question of human existence is what is the nature of good virtues? Although virtues by its very nature means good, or the opposite of vice, this does not make the answer to the question any simpler. Every individual has a different idea of what virtues are, meaning that to one person a virtue may be a virtue but to another the virtue is perceived as a vice. The result is that there is no definition as to what is virtuous, therefore leading to the ongoing question of "what is the nature of good virtue?""
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Organizational Philosophies & Technologies, 2008.
This paper discusses using technologies to set and manage ethical standards.
938 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that there has been a crisis of confidence in corporate ethics in the last ten years, and as a result, legislation continues to be used as the mechanism to bring trust back into business. The writer notes that many argue that Sarbanes-Oxley legislation has actually taken the price of doing business significantly up, enriching Indian Business Process Outsourcing companies by 30% revenue growth, in the process. The issue of corporate responsibility, the extent of its existence and what ideally corporate ethical responsibility should be are examined.
Outline:
Defining Ethical Responsibility
Enforcing Corporate Responsibility
Sarbanes-Oxley is Redefining Corporate Ethics and Responsibility
From the Paper
"At the center of corporate ethical responsibility is a focus by organizations on the extent to which their decisions impact buyers, suppliers, customers, prospects, employees and stake holders. The essence of corporate ethical responsibility is the embracing of strategies that are transparent, easily accounted for and free from conflicts of interest.
"The transparency aspect of corporate ethics however was lacking in many corporations who found through sophisticated trading and fund management that synthetic, not real, financial results could be created to give the illusion of greater profits, growth and earning potential. Starting with Enron and proceeding through a litany of corporate scandals including Adelphia, MCI WorldCom, Tyco and many others, the US Congress felt it necessary to legislate corporate responsibility and ethics in the form of laws."
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Business Ethics, 2008.
This paper explores three notable business scandals; Enron, WorldCom and Tyco.
2,013 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
The paper describes the accounting scandals of Enron, WorldCom and Tyco and looks at how these financial frauds occurred as a result of monitoring failures at different levels. The paper explores ethics and moral judgements in general and discusses how if one is not comfortable telling one's family about a decision, then the decision is likely unethical in one's business.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Enron
WorldCom
Tyco
Analysis & Conclusion
From the Paper
"In the past decade, several scandals involving the improper management of financial data have emerged, bolstering the importance of business ethics to the forefront of many industries. The most notable accounting scandals in the 2000s consisted of Enron, WorldCom and Tyco. In just 15 years, Enron grew from nowhere to be America's seventh largest company, employing 21,000 staff in more than 40 countries. WorldCom achieved its position as a significant player in the telecommunications industry through the successful completion of 65 acquisitions. From 1997 through 2001, Tyco's revenues rose by 48.7% a year. These three significant accounting scandals that occurred in the past decade led to the enactment of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, an act that requires that the management of a company certify that a system of internal controls is in place that is adequate to report a fair representation of the financial condition of the business in financial statements."
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Ethics Case: Homosexuality, 2008.
Looks at an ethics case of a homosexual salesman at Kirkham McDowell Securities.
3,405 words (approx. 13.6 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 96.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Kirkham McDowell Securities, an underwriting and financial advisory firm, sells services through its sales personnel whose reputation must be beyond reproach if it must remain competitive. The paper then describes a moral issue in which the company wants to cancel a banquet honoring a homosexual salesman because he has unexpectedly reveled that he has a gay partner whom he intends to bring to this occasion.The paper concludes that the company's priority goals are to preserve the company reputation of decency with clients in order to retain their patronage and to proceed to honor and reward the valuable contributions of the firm's employees in a fitting occasion; therefore, the decision to convert the dinner into an inter-office event recognizes both objectives.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Decision
Standard of Conduct
Character, Virtue and Relationship
Purposes and Consequences
From the Paper
"The central issue is Adam's homosexuality, which is an applied ethics issue because homosexuality is a moral issue, not only in business but also universally. Times may have changed a lot. With increasing numbers of gay people turning up in recent years, homosexuality has become commonplace. Gay communities have formed and lobby for their rights. By sheer and growing numbers, gays and lesbians command a place in society and thus a claim of having been accepted. But on the whole, they are still frowned upon. Homosexuality is still generally rejected as a form of sexual immorality despite gay people's assertion that they have the fundamental right to make their own gender preferences, which society must accept."
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Case Study: Ethics and Morality, 2008.
Analyzes an ethics and morality case at Motorola's Anzen facility in Nambu, which presents a conflict of cultural values in business.
3,105 words (approx. 12.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 90.95
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Abstract
This paper begins by describing a situation where the manufacturing manager, Victor, at Motorola's Anzen facility in Nambu, beat up Tom, another Nambunese, who consistently refused to follow safety rules at Motorola's facility in Nambu. The paper then explains that Motorola and its Nambunese counterpart both aim at developing and practicing the desirable traits of productivity, safety, harmony and civility among its ranks to accomplishing its goals. The paper also explains that most Nambunese working for Motorola already observe and exhibit devotion to these policies and share the values of productive work. The paper further describes how the company handled the problem between Victor and Tom as well as its decision to leave things as they were - without firing either employee. The paper concludes that the most important aspect of the decision to leave things as they were is the sense of justice Victor exhibits when he initiates a public apology and financial indemnity to Tom despite Tom's open violation of company rules and of Nambunese values of duty and obedience.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Decision
Standards of Conduct
Character, Virtue and Relationships
Purposes and Consequences
From the Paper
"All of the traits are present in all its teams, specifically the Morning Glory team, which has been the best-performing in the facility. Its high level of productivity proceeds from the high level of harmony among its individual members and Victor's efforts at establishing open communications with them. The team members are happy with the supervision style and personality of Victor whom they describe as peaceable. The only exception is Tom, whose mountaineering drive, could have inclined him to an excess of freedom in ignoring both the rules on safety and the Nambunese tradition of duty and obedience."
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