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The U.S. Constitution and Information Policy, 2006.
A review of the impact that the U.S. Constitution has had on the Internet.
1,157 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at how the U.S. Constitution uniquely set the foundation for, and precedents from, the meteoric growth of the Internet globally. The paper goes on to discuss how the First Amendment, which promises Freedom of Speech, and the Fourth Amendment, which provides for the protection of a person's property from search and seizure without probable cause, have both had a substantial impact on the Internet.
Outline:
First Amendment Implications on the Internet
Fourth Amendment Implications on the Internet
Government and Workplace Monitoring
From the Paper
"The second dynamic occurring today relative to the U.S. Constitution is the testing of the Fourth Amendment in light of the terrorist attacks in the United States. The Fourth Amendment states that "the right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause" (U.S. Constitution, 1791). Yet today there is more monitoring, watching, logging, data mining and analyzing of Internet activity than ever before. In a recent survey 30% of companies are now monitoring their employee's activities in e-mail, on the phone, and over the Web. "
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John Locke, 2007.
A biography on the life and philosophies of John Locke.
1,446 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how Locke's influence was most marked on philosophy and politics, particularly liberalism, and specifically on Voltaire. The paper explores how Locke's arguments on liberty and social contract had an impact on the written works of Thomas Jefferson, James Madison and other founding fathers of the United States. The paper examines how Locke's critics say that he was a major investor in the English slave-trade through the Royal Africa Company and that he participated in the drafting of the Fundamental Constitution of the Carolinas while serving as Shaftesbury's secretary.
From the Paper
"These constraints, he believed, would make an economy run smoothly and efficiently because property then would not be wasted, spoiled or hoarded. He saw property as largely confined to material goods. Not only did Karl Marx later adapt Locke's theory on property but also that his idea inspired the Preamble of the US Constitution. He believed that all people had the natural rights to life, liberty and property. He perceived that the original state of nature was one of reason and tolerance wherein all people were equal and independent and no one wanting to harm another's life, health, liberty or possessions."
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Double Standards in the Workplace, 2007.
This paper examines the unfair standards that the United States' corporations condone in the foreign industry sector.
1,068 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
The writer explores the standards that American workers demand and are given in the workplace, as compared to the substandard working conditions that American companies provide foreign workers overseas. The writer then discusses the impact of this practice on society, environment and the labor standards in general. The paper contends that the time has come for US companies to show by example to the rest of the world that it is possible to be fair and profitable at the same time.
Outline:
Introduction
Environment
Labor Conditions
The Problem
The Solution
Conclusion
From the Paper
"During recent years, workers in the United States have watched helplessly as US corporations move their operations to other countries. While the corporations defend their actions with financial rhetoric the news media continues to uncover unsafe working conditions, environmental dumping and dirt poor wages for those foreign employees who were initially thrilled to have an American company come to their area of the world. When the world looks at America they often see a land of opportunity. They are aware that United States workers have a high standard by which they work. They are provided breaks, safety equipment, regular wage increases and many times, benefits for not only themselves but also for their families."
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The Watergate Scandal, 2006.
This paper argues that the Watergate scandal and other political scandals provided a means for reinforcing American moral values.
2,490 words (approx. 10.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 75.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Watergate scandal represented a crisis situation in which the public, the elites and the media, driven by solidarity, collaborated to eliminate an evil so that the social body could continue its normal existence. The author points out that the Watergate scandal proves that society is a moral phenomenon organically driven by the desire to defend the principles of morality because of its awareness of the fundamental importance played by these principles. The paper suggests that political scandal serves as an interruption of the profane everyday living and inserts a sacred dimension. This dimension renews the forces of the society by identifying and eliminating an evil while simultaneously remembering and reinforcing society's basic principles.
From the Paper
"The American society gives a lot of importance to the moral legitimating of the political regime. It is not only the Watergate scandal that proves it, but also other scandals involving presidents, such as the one involving Bill Clinton. In the case of President Clinton, the most serious mistake that he made was not that he had an affair (even if this too represents an action against the moral principles and reflects an unhealthy attitude towards family). The most serious mistake that both Nixon and Clinton did was to lie to the American people, denying their guilt."
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Meaning of Justice, 2007.
This paper examines the meaning and the connotations of justice.
1,200 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses what exactly justice means and how it applies to a criminal justice professional. The writer explains that justice, as such, refers to a sense of fairness and impartiality, an even-handedness, righteousness, and also objectivity and independence in making up one's opinions. Further, the writer notes that justice is the concept which must predominate when laws are being made, and for a layman, justice would mean that he would be safe and secure in the knowledge that he would be protected adequately by the law, and by the sense of justice that the law must uphold, no matter what. The writer concludes that although justice may have several different connotations, the bottom line is that the criminal has to be punished, and the victim awarded respite and retribution for the crime that he has suffered.
From the Paper
"When one wished to search for the true meaning to justice, one must first decide the method that he wished to use to search for it, because this would provide a rational answer to the problem. The meaning of justice can perhaps be taken therefore, from its use in legal theory, and thereafter, combining it with a concept of ethics. For a criminal justice professional, he would study social control, penal law, criminal procedures, social law, evidence, criminology, victimology, and various other components of the justice system. Each area of study is equally important, and unless all the areas are given equal justice, the professional would not be able to practice law in all fairness. He must be able to implement as many types of justice as are humanly possible in this world, and concentrate on being fair and just in all his judgments of criminal and social behavior."
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"The Parable of the Sadhu" --A Review, 2007.
This paper explores the ethical dimensions and principles in "The Parable of the Sadhu" by Bohen H. McCoy.
1,532 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
In this review of Bohen H. McCoy's "The Parable of the Sadhu," the writer illustrates how ethics can become cloudy in specific situations. The author further demonstrates how even moral individuals can fail to exercise leadership to ensure that ethical actions are taken during times of distress. The work itself is based on McCoy's encounter with an injured sadhu--or holy man--during a mountain climbing expedition in the Himalayas. From this vantage point, McCoy explores differing approaches to helping a fellow human being in need.
Outline:
Three Dimensions of Ethical Thinking--Situational, Contextual, & Cultural
Three Principles--the Common Good over Self-Interest, the Golden Rule, and Social Justice
Personal Definition of Ethics
Differentiates between Intentions and Deliberate, Ethical Actions both Authored by Him or Herself and by Others
Applies the Dimensions and Principles Chosen above to a Fictional Middle School
Acknowledges Ethical Differences in Dimensions and Principles Across Cultures
From the Paper
"While traveling in the Himalayas, the author of "The Parable of the Sadhu," the businessman Bohen McCoy, encountered a Tibetan holy man, a known as a sadhu. The man was apparently coming back after making a pilgrimage. The sadhu wore no shoes, and was naked. Despite the sadhu's evident distress, only one member of McCoy's climbing expedition, an anthropologist named Stephen, moved to aid the sadhu by giving him clothing. A few Japanese climbers from another expedition attempted to help the man but no one really made effectual efforts to ensure the safe return of the ailing pilgrim. The fate of the sadhu still remains unknown."
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Corporate Ethics, 2007.
This paper examines British Petroleum's (BP) code of conduct.
1,493 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how scandals at formerly reputable corporations such as Enron have sullied the corporate image for the public and major shareholders. The paper explains that one of the greatest weapons that corporations have developed to deal with these new circumstances is the corporate code of ethics, or code of conduct. The paper explores the existing code of conduct currently being used at British Petroleum (BP). The paper demonstrates how this provides an interesting glimpse into the effects and difficulties of implementing codes of ethics in the corporate setting.
From the Paper
"At its most basic, a code of ethics is a "management tool for establishing and articulating the corporate values, responsibilities, obligations, and ethical ambitions of an organization and the way it functions." Simply put, a code of ethics amounts to a written record of a corporation's policies. Sometimes this can amount to a few sentences that describe the loose corporate values employees should keep in mind when faced with an ethical dilemma like integrity or honesty. In more extreme cases--usually limited to larger corporations--detailed descriptions will be provided for the appropriate ethical response to moral quandaries employees might face in the workplace."
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Moral Philosophy, 2006.
A review of a moral dilemma case involving an unfaithful wife.
1,228 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the philosophy of a moral dilemma. This paper discusses the sad scenario of the unfaithful wife known as "Jane" who finds herself faced with two equally unpleasant choices that are the consequences of her infidelity. The paper reviews and discusses these choices from different moral and philosophical perspectives.
From the Paper
"The advocate of social contract theory would stress that marriage is a social contract. When Jane violated this social contract, she did not merely personally cause her husband to feel bad. She also caused a rift in one of the institutions that uphold modern society. Even if no one is directly harmed by her actions, by devaluing the institution of marriage, either her own or the institution of the man whom she transgressed with, she is still doing harm to society. A social contract theorist would care little about Jane, her husband's, or the other man's feelings like a virtue ethicist. Rather the theorist would view Jane's decisions from a societal rubric, and point out that if every person felt free to be unfaithful, the moral fabric of society would completely disintegrate. "
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The HealthSouth Corporation Scandal, 2007.
This paper examines the HealthSouth Corporation scandal and the company's illegal activities.
844 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses one of the most publicized corporate ethical scandals in recent memory, the HealthSouth Corporation's accounting misdeeds. The paper reveals that over the course of the company's six-year financial fraud, the company recorded 2.7 billion dollars in fake revenues upon its ledgers. The paper highlights the warning signs of illegal activity in the corporation. The paper explains how the fraud continued because no one was willing to reveal the extent of the crimes that were being perpetuated.
From the Paper
"How could this go on for so long, with no one the wiser, or at least, with no one willing to reveal the extent of the crimes that were being perpetuated? The corporate climate at HealthSouth that fostered such illegal activities also created a climate of secrecy and fear amongst the criminals. Breathing a hint of dissent was considered to be a betrayal, not an ethical qualm. The major actors, even those who were friends, lived in a constant atmosphere of suspicion, fear and intimidation. One of CFOs who eventually agreed to inform upon the CEO of the corporation said he was threatened that he would become the 'fall guy' should the company's activities come to light when he wished to quit."
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World War II and the Atomic Bomb, 2007.
This paper examines the history and moral issues of the atomic bombs dropped on Japan during World War II.
1,257 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the atomic bombing of the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki during World War II. The writer gives statistics in order to highlight the devastation. Also included is an eye-witnesses' testimony. The paper concludes by posing moral questions about the bombing of innocent civilians.
From the Paper
"It was on August 6th, in the year 1945, at 8.15 AM, Japanese time, that the United States of America dropped its first ever atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan, so that its usefulness to the enemy could be completely destroyed. According to the then President of the United States, the bomb "...had more power than 20,000 tones of TNT ", and it was also infinitely more powerful than the blast power that the British Grand Slam, purportedly the largest bomb in the history of the world, had. The immediate and direct consequence of the bomb was that more than four square miles of the entire city of Hiroshima were completely and irrevocably destroyed, 66,000 people were killed instantaneously, and 69,000 more were seriously injured. Three days later, another atomic bomb, equally powerful, was dropped on the city of Nagasaki, Japan, and this bomb managed to destroy about 1.5 square miles of the city, and kill about 39,000 people, while injuring 25,000 more. The very next day, the Japanese government asked to surrender, under the 'Potsdam Declaration'. "
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Cedars-Sinai, 2007.
This paper examines the quality care present in the Cedars-Sinai hospital, California.
1,408 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how Cedars-Sinai is one of the finest health providers in the state of California. The paper looks at how hospitals and health care facilities are facing several kinds of legal and ethical issues that complicate their service. The paper shows how the organization is indeed performing at its optimum best and is ensuring the safety and the well being of the patient, while at the same time maintaining the high quality and standards that are expected of a Medical Care Center like Cedars-Sinai. The paper concludes that perhaps this is the reason that more and more numbers of patients are flocking to this hospital today.
From the Paper
"Cedars-Sinai is one of the finest health providers in the state of California, and perhaps this is one of the reasons that the hospital has been able to make numerous advances in medicine, because of which it has been possible to save many more lives than before. Today, there are more than 1,800 physicians from almost all the specialties there are, affiliated with the Cedars- Sinai. In addition, there are 8,000 employees, 2,000 volunteers, and about 15,000 more people belonging to various fund-raising groups, and it is all these people together who make up the quality of health care that is offered in the Cedars Sinai hospital. (Cedars-Sinai is leading the Quest for Health among California Hospitals)"
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Terrorism, 2007.
A discussion of possible situations in which terrorism may be an acceptable form of promoting political agendas.
1,979 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a cost-benefits analysis of terrorism. It particularly focuses on the terrorism of 9/11 in the United States. The paper discusses if there can ever be a situation when terrorism is acceptable in promoting political agendas. The paper suggests that terrorism is justified when it is the most effective form of social or political persuasion available against a government or group whose actions cause worse harm than the terrorism itself.
From the Paper
"This is indeed a serious concern for terrorists such as ELF, whose actions are aimed at decreasing a social phenomena of urban sprawl and environmental degradation. One might well argue that ELF's overall harm in a few arson cases is less serious than the harm caused by sprawl - however, there is an additional harm inherent both in the backlash it creates against political environmentalists and also the way in which it weakens democratic process as a whole. Though I do not consider government itself sacrosanct, and actually think terrorism may be most useful when it is aimed at destroying or altering a government (as was the case in the fictional story of V for Vendetta, and the true history of Zionism), I would suggest that the harm to that system and to the less obvious fabric of social trust must be taken into consideration."
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Code of Ethics, 2007.
This paper studies the issue of the code of ethics, concentrating on the CIGNA Corporation.
1,064 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that the corporate code of ethics in the form of policies promotes proper corporate governance and stewardship. The writer points out that the CIGNA Code of Ethics and Compliance Policies is an example of a policy document that incorporates guidelines, rules and regulations. Further, the writer explains that this document defines a scope and limitations and includes a clear statement of understanding, which is really a "no escape clause" implicitly and explicitly stating that all reasonable declarations and reminders are in the code ethics. The writer concludes that by following the form and substance of the code of ethics, CIGNA's code could be a model for other companies to follow.
From the Paper
"Policies, in general, are high-level statements of goals, objectives, beliefs and ethics that are higher management's directions indicating mandatory action and compliance corporate-wide; they are means of addressing and/or averting problems. But policies are not enough to ensure compliance since it should be released with guidelines and implementing rules and regulations to enable the recipients or readers of the policies to know and determine the actions required of them to abide by the policies. Policies, guidelines, rules and regulations may be in separate documents or consolidated in a single document."
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Affirmative Action, 2006.
A review of the history of affirmative action.
1,544 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the concept of affirmative action. The paper reports that affirmative action was first used by President John F. Kennedy during 1961 in his call for action towards greater equality in terms of federal contracting. The paper goes on to say that the President instructed contractors to take "affirmative action" to ensure that applicants be treated equally regardless of race, creed or sex. The paper goes on to discuss some of the problems that affirmative action policies create and concludes that, because of these problems, it is time to terminate affirmative action policies.
From the Paper
"It has been mentioned above that affirmative action policies such as point and quota systems emphasize rather than redress issues of unfairness and racial discrimination. Awarding any favoritism to persons because of their skin color is discriminatory. This has negative effects on both the favored and the disfavored. Persons who are favored for their minority status could be made to feel that they have not achieved their respective positions for their merits or talents. They may as a result doubt their ability to perform well, and concomitantly in actual fact not perform well because of this feeling. This is reinforced by the resentment experienced from disfavored groups who feel that their rights have been violated."
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Accounting Ethics, 2007.
This paper looks at the merits of the Accounting Code of Conduct.
1,262 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that the Accountant Code of Professional Conduct is an instrument that provides guidance to accountants and protection to the clients. The paper discusses how the majority of accountants take pride in doing an honest and competent job for those who hire them. For the few who are either dishonest or incompetent, the code provides relief for clients by way of criminal punishment or fines. The paper shows how it is a code that stands as strong and tall as the Hypocratic Oath for physicians and one that is held to an equally strict standard so that the field of accounting will remain above reproach.
Outline:
Introduction
History
When An Accountant Fails
Conclusion
From the Paper
"At first glance the average laymen would be hard pressed to explain why accountants need a code of conduct in the profession. People are aware of the doctor and attorney professional vows or promises to follow certain ethical rules because of the severe damage they can do if they become unethical. Once one begins to explore the accounting profession, however, one will quickly discover that accountants have the ability to do great harm as well(Demski, 2000). Accountants have the financial survival, future, and life of their clients in their hands. If an accountant decides to become unethical he or she could easily destroy an individual, a family, a corporation or a government entity."
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Can Human Justice Ever Be Achieved?, 2006.
A look at the issue of human justice and equality for all.
1,907 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at human justice and the ideal of equality between the sexes, races, class and religions. The paper focuses primarily on the issue of women's rights.
From the Paper
"Take, for example, a healthcare provider treating an aboriginal couple. Because of past historical injustices, today, even indigenous persons who have endeavored to become integrated into Australian society have higher rates of single parenthood, incarceration rates, and unemployment, and fall short of every possible Westernized measurement of success in contemporary life. (Calma, 2006, p.1) The instance of domestic abuse might seem to simply pose the question--did the indigenous husband commit the crime to which he or she was accused? If so, the person should be incarcerated. But previous inequitable social conditions may drive the roots of the difficulties between the couple, making the issue of reporting more difficult. Also, biased judges and juries may make the person's punishment, however unconsciously, harsher because of the defendant's race. To report an abusive man from a racial minority may be just, but it also may exacerbate an age-old historical injustice."
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Company Code of Ethics, 2006.
A discussion regarding the importance of a company's code of ethics.
1,319 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the serious issue of the code of ethics of any company. The paper reports that companies want to be fair to their employees while still ensuring that all employees understand what the rules are and what they can and cannot do when it comes to appropriate behavior at work.
From the Paper
"The decision-making that takes place in a business when it comes to ethics is also important. Those that run the company must think about what is important to them, what the laws are in their area, and what they can reasonably ask of their employees. A company that makes unreasonable demands of its employees will not be well-liked, and will have trouble retaining workers. On the other hand, a company that is too relaxed in its rules can open itself up for lawsuits, and can also find that individuals are taking advantage of the company by taking information that they have learned and going to work for other competitors, thus taking that information with them. both of these issues can be very dangerous for any company, because they can lose a lot of money, lose credibility in the marketplace, and appear undesirable to employees, customers, buyers, and sellers, as well as stockholders and others that have some stake in the company."
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Gay Rights, 2006.
An argumentative essay regarding the controversial topic of gay rights.
1,377 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that gay and lesbian people are entitled to the same rights and protections as all Americans, including the right to marry, and protection from discrimination in employment. This paper maintains that by demanding the right to marry and protection from discrimination in employment, gay people are not demanding "special rights."
Outline:
Discrimination in Employment
Right to Marry
Equal Rights
Sentence Outline
From the Paper
"Others argue that married couples are the foundation of social order. Married couple unions ensure that generations reproduce, and that the human race continues. By strengthening families, the legal recognition and protection of heterosexual unions therefore benefit the good of society (Gehrke). Because homosexual unions do not facilitate procreation, there is no concept of a social good. The argument of strengthening families therefore does not apply for same-sex couples."
"These reasons, however, fail to stand up under analysis. For example, the claim that raising children without strong male and female role models can also be levied against single parents. Further arguments that gay marriages do not contribute to the greater good are debatable, based largely on faith-based belief rather than empirical research."
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The Use of Supplements by Athletes, 2007.
This paper discusses ethics issues relating to the use of supplements by athletes.
1,715 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper relates that the use of supplements by sports athletes is only viewed as an ethical problem when the supplement becomes illicit or banned or when an athlete dies and focuses most of the time on the competitive advantage instead of the ethical question. The author presents a classical discussion of ethics and concludes that the use of performance-enhancing drugs and supplements by sports players is clearly a violation of ethical behavior. The paper states that no supplement or drug should be used or should be advised by the educator or coach to the athlete without being approved by the FDA, the sports league in question and prescribed by the attending physician of the athlete. The paper includes a table and many embedded quotations.
Table of Contents:
Objective
Introduction
Ethics - Theoretical Framework
Ethics - Differentiation among Theorists
Discussion
Responsibility of Educators and Coaches of Athletes
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"Milton's ethics principle was based on the 'end result' or the moral rightness of an action being determined based upon consequences having been considered. Kant believed that ethics were based upon 'rules' and that the moral rightness of an action is based upon laws and standards within society and business. Rousseau held to the social contract theory in ethics believing that the moral rightness of an action is determined through the norms and customs in the existing community and Ruber held a personalistic notion of ethics believing that the moral rightness of ones' actions can only be determined through ones' conscience."
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