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Adoption, 2007.
This paper discusses the rights of biological parents in adoption cases and related aspects.
1,177 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that there are approximately 120,000 adoptions in the United States each year, many of which are successfully completed. However, the writer points out that while substantial amounts succeed, nearly twenty percent disrupt before legalization can occur. The writer maintains that this is due, in part, to the high level of rights retained by the biological parents in adoption cases. This paper discusses the rights of biological parents and the court's reasoning for upholding these rights. The writer then looks at the consequences of such rights to adoptive parents. This shows that while adoptive parents do hold some right to their new child, the biological parents have far more rights during the adoption process, and even following birth.
From the Paper
"The consequences for the adoptive parents can be devastating. In open adoption cases, where the adoptive parents have provided monetary support, physician care, and other necessities to the biological mother, a pre-birth consent is still not binding. This means the time, money, and effort exerted by the adoptive parents may be for nothing, clearly showing the biological mother's rights to be valued higher than those of the adoptive parents. Even in agency adoptions, the adoptive parents are forced to relinquish the child if the biological parent revokes consent, even if the child has already been placed within the home."
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Cigarette Smoking in Canada, 2007.
An analysis of the reasons why Canadians begin smoking, continue smoking and quit smoking.
2,720 words (approx. 10.9 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 81.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on discussing the reasons why Canadians smoke. It examines why individuals begin smoking, continue their smoking trends and finally what motivates them to quit smoking. The paper discusses the sociological understanding of human motivation in an attempt to understand the above three factors with regard to cigarette smokers.
From the Paper
"Overall however, the outlook is bright for Canadian non-smoking campaigns. For the first time this last year, there are more ex-smokers than current smokers in Canadian society. Those who use to smoke have made the conscious decision to stop the cycle for their loved ones and children. Smoking begins with Canadian youth who are influenced by social media as well as adults and society to begin smoking and it perpetuates because of the social typecasting and overall clique nature of smokers. The herd mentality is the strongest impetus for all three stages of a smoker's cycle, because individuals associated smoking as a strongly social activity. However, as society moves away from smoking as a socially accepted medium, more and more youth will look to smoking less as anti-culture and more as irrelevant. As this process continues the next decade will see less and less smokers both take up and perpetuate this disgusting habit."
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The Effects of Barbie, 2007.
This paper provides a critical review of the effect of Barbie on girls age five to eight.
879 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer critically reviews research published by H. Dittmar, E. Halliwell, and S. Ive on the effects Barbie has on the body image of five- to eight-year-old girls. This paper summarizes key findings, identifies strengths and weaknesses of the research, assesses the quality of the research and suggests areas for additional future research. The writer concludes that Barbie does have a negative impact on the body image of young girls, 5 1/2 - 6 1/2 and 6 1/2 -7 1/2 years old. However, the writer maintains that by the time girls are 7 1/2 to 8 1/2 these same negative impacts are more influenced by size-16 Emme. The writer concludes that there are a lot of societal influences other than the dolls that are causing negative body images in young girls.
From the Paper
"The results of the study were different for different ages, 5 1/2 - 6 1/2 , 6 1/2 -7 1/2 and 7 1/2 -8 1/2, revealing differences in the way girls though they looked and the way they wanted to look after seeing certain images. For example, the youngest group, age 5 1/2 to 6 1/2, shown the Barbie picture books wished they were thinner and disliked their bodies more than girls of the same age who viewed other images. These results were even more pronounced for girls 6 1/2 to 7 1/2. Further, this age group desired more extreme thinness as adults than girls the same age who viewed images other than Barbie and the girls 5 1/2 - 6 1/2 who had also viewed Barbie pictures. The 7 1/2 - 8 1/2 age group were affected by the Emme images and not the Barbie images. The girls who viewed Emme wanted a thinner body shape for the adult figure than girls viewing other images."
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Day Care, 2007.
This paper reviews the book "Day Care Deception: What the Child Care Establishment Isn't Telling Us" by Brian C. Robertson.
1,217 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer first asks what is turning America's children into murderers and psychopaths? The writer then notes that Brian C. Robertson's "Day Care Deception: What the Child Care Establishment Isn't Telling Us" implicitly asks this question at the beginning of his text, by opening his book about day care not with images of a child care facility, but with a high school shooting. The writer points out that Robertson has a simple answer to the complex questions that arose after the flurry of national self-examination that occurred after the shootings at Columbine High School, in the nation's heartland. The writer relates that Robertson blames the institutionalization of day care as a norm within the American cultural fabric for the increased violence in society and the alienation of modern youth. The writer concludes that Robertson assumes that there is an easy choice between day care or nothing, the traditional one-salary American family and the complete institutionalization of childcare, while for many working families, care may be a combination of love from two parents, grandparents, older siblings, friends, as well as day care.
From the Paper
"According to Robertson, daycare disturbs the mother-child bond, despite some studies that suggest that day care makes children more independent at an earlier age. What positive studies do exist, Robertson says, are the result of the feminist academic establishment, and what is construed as independence is in fact the seeds of bullying, social estrangement, and ultimately violence. Day care is a failed, recent social experiment gone horribly wrong and must be faced and addressed, before another generation of children are destroyed."
"Despite the fact that millions of parents send their children off to day care every day, either out of necessity, because of choice, or even a desire to socialize the children early on in the boy or girl's education, mothers and fathers often experience acute anxiety about the decision."
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Childhood Obesity and Nutrition, 2007.
This paper explores contemporary treatment programs for childhood obesity.
3,896 words (approx. 15.6 pages), 37 sources, MLA, $ 106.95
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Abstract
The paper clarifies the pros and cons of the most prevalent treatments being used by today's medical professionals. The paper reviews screening procedures as well as the treatment models being used for individuals, groups, in communities and schools. This includes medical assessments, education, individual behavioral therapy and family inclusive intervention and education programs as the types of programs effective in addressing the treatment and prevention of childhood obesity.
Outline:
Introduction
Review of Literature
Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The work of Rebecca Moran, M.D. states that the prevalence of childhood obesity "in the United States has risen dramatically in the past several decades." (1999) While 35 to 30 percent of children are affected by childhood obesity, "this condition is underdiagnosed and undertreated." (Moran, 1999) Generally, factors such as hormonal or genetic factors are very rarely, what causes childhood obesity. It is extremely important that obesity in childhood be evaluated including prevention in order that children are able to avoid the long-term implications relating to their success and overall happiness. (Moran, 1999)."
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Causes of Youth Violence, 2007.
An analysis of the contributing causes of youth violence, with a focus on the media.
1,352 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the possible causes of youth violence. The paper specifically looks at the contributions of the media, availability of weapons and parental involvement in the incidences of youth violence. It looks at specific examples of media violence, such as films, video games and music and explains how the ideas gained from these sources are encouraged by other sociological factors.
From the Paper
"The problem of youth violence cannot be attributed to one cause alone. The media plays its part, regaling young children and adolescents with programming that is astonishingly violent in content. The orgy of gratuitous violence continues into adulthood. Viewers and listeners become desensitized to the sufferings of others. Movies and songs teach young people to be selfish and self-centered, and to denigrate and devalue feelings of empathy and compassion. Some people do indeed imitate what they see on television. But the media is not the only model. Parents and guardians provide ethical guidance and moral direction. Nevertheless, not all young people enjoy the benefits of a healthy and wholesome upbringing. Many come from broken homes, and all exist in a society that is increasingly atomized and dysfunctional. The media may help, but it is society itself that urges on individuals toward the commission of violent acts."
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Protection for Children on the Internet, 2007.
This paper discusses what steps should be taken to protect children from pornography and sexual predators on the Internet.
3,104 words (approx. 12.4 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 90.95
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Abstract
In this essay, the writer notes that children affected by pornography are most of the times left with emotional scars that affect the rest of their lives. The writer claims that for this reason it is important for all the parties involved and those able to take decisions to act jointly in order to limit the spread of child pornography. The writer concludes that legislative measures are the most efficient means of combating child pornography. Taking into account the authority of the state to apply the law and convict those breaking it, the writer argues that aside from any independent initiatives, it is the government that can and must take action against child pornography.
From the Paper
"We live in an era governed by technology and increased global interdependence that tends to manifest in every aspect of the society. It was therefore natural for children to have an increased access to everything involving gadgets, devices, and means of communication and information. At the same time however, these means are indeed available worldwide and do not discriminate between users and information receivers. This is why, more and more often, these universal means of communication have become a very common tool for those interested in pornographic and sexual practices. It can be said even that the Internet has facilitated their actions and now, pornography and sexual predators have an easier task in achieving their goals."
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Down Syndrome, 2007.
An analysis of the impact on families of children with Down syndrome.
2,891 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 85.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the impact on the family with a Down syndrome child. It specifically focuses on the impact on the other children in the family unit. The paper analyzes various articles that discuss the issues that families face and also analyzes the prevalence of Down syndrome. It looks at intervention strategies for children with Down syndrome, as well as transitioning intervention and how these can be assessed.
Table of Contents:
Impact
Impact
Intervention
Assessment Of Intervention
Assessment Of Intervention
Transitioning Intervention: From High School To Life After High School
Prevalence Of Medical Conditions Linked To Down Syndrome, And Interventions Into Those Conditions
Prevalence Of Down Syndrome
Three Research-able Questions That Support And Strengthen The Evidence For Intervention Strategies Presented In This Paper
From the Paper
"Also, integrated screening (combining the results of tests in the first and second-trimesters) has also proved to be valuable in terms of detection of DS during pregnancy. The problem with integrated screening, the article points out, is that there is quite a period of time from the initiation of the testing until completion. But the larger question is, what is a woman to do if indeed her baby has a mis-matched chromosome count? If it is caught early enough, would she consider an abortion? That is a moral and personal privacy issue, of course, but it is worth consideration given the issues that arise for a family with a DS child."
"If a pregnant woman is screened properly during her first-trimester, and that test indicates that she is at "increased risk" of aneuploidy she should then be offered genetic counselling as an intervention, the article explains; and she should have the option of CVS (chroionic villus sampling) or at least second-trimester amniocentesis should be offered."
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Piaget, 2007.
This paper discusses Jean Piaget's observations regarding child development.
1,214 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that within the context of language awareness, one should be inclined to accept the notion that the human being cannot simply be characterized as an input-output mechanism, though in many isolated cases this may be beneficial. One of the main observational considerations that needs to be taken into account is the aforementioned progression of language awareness from intuition to mastery. The writer points out that Piaget is the researcher credited with devising cognitive theories about child development. The writer discusses that Piaget did not believe that language development was crucial to children in relation to the development of their intellect, and indeed he believed that language development was simply the means a child would use to express himself and not a crucial element of cognitive development overall. The paper then goes on to explain why the author disagrees with Piaget's theories.
From the Paper
"Behaviorism is an increasingly broad area of study, which has its roots in the very beginnings of modern psychology. The driving notion behind the theory is that we, as ordinary human beings, possess no direct way to look into the human mind and observe precisely what it is comprised of or how it operates. Consequently, the only workable approach towards psychology, according to behaviorists, is to conceive of the mind as the relay between external, physical inputs and their resulting outputs. In other words, the mind is simply a mechanism that performs certain functions when specific inputs are given to it, and the result is an output--this output is human behavior. In other words, although the ideal way to analyze human behavior and thought would be to observe the mechanisms of the mind first hand, psychologists must be content to observe behavior and make inferences about the mind. Doubtlessly, even though significant advances have been made in our understanding of the physical mind, the mental and subjective machinery within will forever remain a black box to our probing."
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Curriculum Assessment, 2006.
A discussion regarding teaching methods and curriculum assessment.
1,153 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews and discusses the forms of curriculum assessment and the perhaps failure of the education system to cater to the abilities of all students. According to the paper, children have many different ways of learning and presenting knowledge. The paper is written from a personal perspective.
Outline:
Introduction: The Issue
Background
Problem Statement
Conclusions and Recommendations
From the Paper
"I have also developed a preliminary assessment method to determine the needs of my students. This is very informal, and does not count towards the students' more formal assessment sessions during and at the end of the school year. My preliminary assessment entails developing a profile of each student, his or her perceived strengths and weaknesses, as determined by the students themselves, and how these can be used to improve their language skills and prepare for formal assessments. The main problem in our system is the formal assessment sessions."
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Racist Bullying, 2007.
A proposal for research aimed at studying racist bullying in United Kingdom secondary schools.
1,572 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This study focuses on racially motivated bullying acts and try to determine how often they occur and what the possible motivator is behind them. The paper explains why interviewing was chosen as the methodology to determine the frequency, level and cause of such events. The paper maintains that this study will provide valuable information to future school administrators and counselors that develop anti-bullying programs for their student bodies.
Outline:
Introduction
Methods
Data Analysis
Ethical Issues
Conclusion
From the Paper
"There has been scientific evidence that bullied students have more physical symptoms including headaches, stomach aches and lack of sleep. In a survey of Australian secondary school students the research team found that victimized students had an across the board higher incidence of poor health and health issues that were not experienced by those who had not been bullied."
""Although these physical consequences are concerning, most of the harm caused by bullying is emotional in nature(Smaby, 2005). A study of the effects of bullying on psychiatric symptoms found victims and perpetrators to both suffer mental health consequences years after the bullying occurred(Smaby, 2005).""
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Life Without a Father, 2007.
An analysis of the sociological and psychological effects that an absent father figure can have on a child.
1,465 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the controversial and complex sociological and psychological questions that arise when discussing the effects of single parent families. It specifically focuses on the effects of the family and the children when the parent that is absent, is the father figure. It looks at a child's development and growth and discusses the father's role, as well as his responsibility, within the family structure.
From the Paper
" Nevertheless, the research evidence indicates that the father plays an essential role in the psychological as well as the sociological balance of the sexes within the structure of the family. From a personal point of view I consider the father figure to be extremely important in the healthy development of the child. In my experience the importance of my father is undeniable and his presence provided me with the essential balance to deal with the world at an early age. The amount of evidence that shows that the fatherless family often results in distorted and problematic child development proves the need for a father figure in the family to a great extent. I also feel that society should become more aware of this problem and the negative impact of the fatherless family."
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ADHD Informative Speech, 2007.
This paper provides an informative speech on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).
1,200 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that according to the National Institute of Mental Health, the symptoms of ADHD are chronic inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. The writer points out that while all children show these traits to some degree, at different times, when a child suffers from ADHD, hyperactivity, distractibility, poor concentration, or impulsivity begin to affect the child's performance in school, social relationships with other children, and behavior at home. The writer discusses medication often recommended for this disorder and also looks at dealing with ADHD without medication. In the conclusion, the writer presents a personal view of becoming more focused, as it relates to his own personal struggle with the disorder's challenges.
From the Paper
"Children who are inattentive have a hard time keeping their minds on any one task and may get bored after only a few minutes. Hyperactive children are easy to spot in a classroom. They are always running around, talking, and squirming in their seat. Sitting still is nearly impossible. Impulsive children have trouble thinking before they act and appreciating the consequences of their actions, making it hard for them to wait for things they want or to take their turn in games."
"ADHD affects approximately 3 percent to 5 percent of all children. According to the most recent version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR), there are three patterns of behavior that indicate ADHD."
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Child Abuse Prevention and Intervention, 2007.
This paper reviews relevant literature and discusses child abuse prevention and intervention.
1,454 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
In this essay, the writer points out that the sad irony of the continuing high incidence of child abuse in the United States today is the fact that the nation has historically prided itself on recognizing the individual rights of every citizen. Unfortunately, the research quickly makes it clear that the United States has failed to protect the rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness of the country's most vulnerable citizens, its children. The writer emphasizes that children lack the capacity to defend their rights on their own. The writer concludes that providing abusive parents with the educational resources they will need to help them to change these behaviors is certainly a step in the right direction, just as coordinating such parenting classes with other informal and formal support services as noted above are steps in the right direction - but even these approaches are not going to be enough to change these sometimes-inexplicable behaviors in many cases.
Outline:
Background and Overview
Incidence and Implications of Child Abuse in the U.S. Today
Intervention Initiatives
From the Paper
"In reality, these alarming statistics may not reflect the entire picture either. For example, the rate of reported child abuse fatalities has increased each year, with an estimated 1,400 child fatalities from abuse taking place in the United States in 2002 alone; nevertheless, recent studies indicate that fully 50-60 percent of deaths from child abuse are not recorded. Not surprisingly, the incidence of child abuse among substance abusing parents and caregivers has been shown to be higher than for their nonsubstance-abusing counterparts."
"There are also some significant differences in the incidence of child abuse according to socioeconomic status, whether parents are married, cohabitating or single; there are also cultural and racial differences in the incidence of child abuse as well. Interestingly, child abuse appears to take place in a vicious cyclical fashion in some cases wherein parents fail to provide a nurturing and supportive environment for their children who then act out in ways that attract an abusive response from the parents; this pattern of behavior is also more frequent among low-socioeconomic families."
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A Virtual Social Life, 2007.
This paper discusses virtual networking sites, with a focus on MySpace and FaceBook.
1,100 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at how the virtual world is becoming part of today's society. The paper relates that America's middle and upper-class young people use social networks as virtual community centers, a place to sit around and communicate. The paper describes the opportunities offered by the MySpace and FaceBook websites but points out that many adult users of these websites expose themselves to risk from identity thieves and hackers. The paper notes other concerns and advises taking safety precautions.
From the Paper
"It is not surprising that MySpace and later virtual networking sites, such as FaceBook have become popular. Teens and young adults spend a great deal of time on the computer. This is time where they used to watch TV or get together with friends in person. The controversy about the pros and cons of these social sites continues, as millions more people sign up as members."
"MySpace.com's membership has nearly quadrupled since in 2005 to 2006 to 40 million members. It ranked No. 15 on the entire U.S. Internet in terms of page hits according to Nielsen//NetRatings. Millions also hang out at other up-and-coming networks such as Facebook.com, for college students, and Xanga.com, with shared blogs. There are also 300 smaller sites, such as Buzz-Oven, Classface.com, and Photobucket.com (Business Week)."
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Coming of Age, 2007.
This paper addresses the issues of identity, politics and ethics in an adolescent's life.
955 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how coming of age is not merely a personal struggle, defined by changes in one's body and the structure of one's social life. The paper explains that viewed from an international and multicultural perspective, coming of age is also defined by an adolescent's cultural and political context. In examining this topic, the paper also looks at Nahid Rachlin's memoir "Persian Girls," Mohsin Makhmalbaf's film "Khandahar," Tayeb Salih's novel "A Season of Migration to the North," Khaled Hosseini's "The Kite Runner" and the protagonist Jose of the film "Sugar Cane Alley."
From the Paper
"For example, in her memoir Persian Girls, Nahid Rachlin depicts her young life in Iran as being defined by her gender and her culture's limiting view of femininity, despite the fact that Rachlin was born during the pro-Western reign of the Shah. It is not simply in the fundamentalist-controlled regimes, like Taliban-ruled Afghanistan that female oppression can occur. The horrors of this regime are compellingly depicted in the educational scenes of Mohsin Makhmalbaf's film "Khandahar" where young girls are told that they can no longer study, and upon puberty they must veil their faces, equating a silencing of the self with becoming a woman."
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Advertising to Children, 2007.
A study of four articles that highlight the relationship between advertising to children and their subsequent eating habits.
2,675 words (approx. 10.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 80.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses an article about how the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) wishes to ban or limit advertisements in schools for "junk food" and about how the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) is exploring how the media affects childhood obesity. The paper then looks at two articles that attempt to scientifically say that the "junk food" consumption of children is derived from how influenced children are by advertising. These studies also show how children are able to influence their parents to purchase food that they have seen advertised, known as 'pester power'. The paper concludes that there is an undeniable link between the advertising to which children are exposed and their eating habits.
Outline:
"Pediatricians Call for Less Advertising to Children"
"FTC Not Sweet on Junk-Food Ads Targeting Children"
"Children's Recall of Television Ad Elements"
"International Food Advertising, Pester Power and its Effects"
Conclusion
From the Paper
"USA Today's article "Pediatricians call for less advertising to children" from last December reports that the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) wishes to lobby to ban or limit advertisements in schools for "junk food". Furthermore, the organization wants Congress to enact laws that would stop commercials for "junk food" during shows watched mostly by small children."
"The AAP is concerned about the increase in childhood obesity and its members believe that much of this is due to the prolific quantity of advertisements that target kids through their exposure to the internet, cell phones, video games, and schools. The article points to an alarming increase in advertising targeted at kids."
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Criminology Theories, 2007.
This paper discusses criminology theories and looks at how they help prevent crime and reduce criminal behaviors.
1,122 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper examines two criminology theories and holds them against the current social phenomena of adolescent substance abuse. The writer explores the relevant theories. The writer notes that as mankind continues to study the criminal element, it continues to develop theories that can be applied to criminal behavior. The writer then explains that two well known criminal theories are labeling and social bonding. In each of these theories there are markers to help explain some of the behavior patterns when it comes to adolescents and substance abuse. The writer points out that it is important to understand how these theories impact the problem, so that future attempts can be made to proactively prevent substance abuse.
Outline:
Introduction
Labeling Theory
Social Bond Theory
Relating Theory to Social Issue
Influence
From the Paper
"In a recent study regarding the labeling theory, adolescent participants were asked if they had received labels from professionals and asked if their families and friends had labeled them, and if so what the labels were. The adolescent's encounters with juvenile courts, social workers and substance abuse programs were also recorded to determine if the label theory supported the participants' background and labeling.
The study concluded that being labeled with a negative label, can create negative behaviors in adolescence.
In addition, the participants did record a higher level of drug use if they had received negative labeling from professionals and personal interactions."
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Child Abuse, 2007.
This paper discusses problems and solutions for managing the child abuse reporting system.
2,315 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that problems, such as false reporting and accusations, cultural misunderstandings, racial bias, unnecessary harsh sentences and overall judicial inconsistencies, exist in the child abuse reporting system. The author points out that the large percentage of inappropriate reporting also places an unnecessary burden on the already overwhelmed child protective agencies and threatens to undermine public support for their efforts. The paper suggests that, with time and experience, it will be possible to standardize the approach toward sentencing so individuals will receive accurate judgments of incarceration, probation, education or acquittal based on the true circumstances. This paper includes several long quotations.
Outline:
Introduction Definition of Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act
Spanking versus Serious Physical Abuse
Study by Baumrind: Most Parents Spank without Ill Impact on Children
Statistical Reporting of Child Abuse Numbers
Numbers of Reporting Increased 20 Times
Large number of "Unfounded" Reports
Inappropriate Reporting Places Unnecessary Burden on Child Protective Agencies
Better Reporting on What to/Not to Report
Disagreement of Over/Under-Reporting of Child Abuse Claims
Investigative/Tool Inconsistencies
Racial/Cultural Misrepresentations
American Psychology Association Recommendations
Learn about the Culture
Examine Discrepancies between Accepted Cultural Practices and the Behavior
Look at the Continuum of Cultural Behaviors, Determining Relationship Socioeconomic Issues such as Poverty and Substance Abuse
Is Alleged Abusive Behavior is Truly Harmful to others?
Person's Level of Acculturation to U.S. Culture
Reporting Bias
Suggested Actions
Narrow the Scope of Child Abuse and Neglect Definitions.
Place the Investigatory Powers with the Police
Re-Criminalize Child Abuse and Neglect.
Repeal Mandatory Reporting Laws Effect in all the States.
Make Child and Family Services Voluntary
From the Paper
"As with any law that is passed, it is necessary to clearly define terms so that certain persons or groups of persons are not being treated differently in terms of that law and the punishment fits the crime. In cases of child abuse, there are numerous cases, especially with severe physical, psychological or sexual violations, where an individual should receive a strict penalty. However, there are also a large number of others cases where the abuse is minimal, questionable (spanking, for example), cultural, or even misinformed. In these latter situations, it may be better to find alternate ways to help these individuals and the victims."
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