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Human Physiology in Space, 2004.
An examination of the human body's reaction to a space environment.
1,000 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the physiological changes to the human body during space travel. Early predictions of the response of humans to spaceflight assumed that space adaptation would be analogous to human disease processes rather than to normal physiology. Through studies of bed-rested healthy adults and medical examinations of crews returning from space, we now recognize the adaptive nature of the responses to spaceflight or its ground-based models. e are also aware of the necessity to minimize the flight-induced changes so that crews maintain their Earth-readiness and avoid injury on landing. Lack of gravitational loading affects multiple physiological systems, especially support structures that are particularly vulnerable to injury during reentry and renewed exposure to gravitational forces. Thus, most crew members exercise extensively during flight. Although many physiological systems appear to be affected by spaceflight, only the cardiovascular, neurovestibular, and musculoskeletal systems are covered in this paper.
The paper includes illustrations.
Table of Contents
Table of Illustrations
Introduction
The Cardiovascular System
The Neurovestibular System
The Musculoskeletal System
Summary
Bibliography
From the Paper
"As soon as they switch to an internal alignment and use the feet to signal down, they are able to function normally. Upon return to Earth, the brain is confused once again as gravity is now available for orientation. This confusion creates postural instability that is compounded with the cardiovascular difficulty in standing. Also, reflexes associated with posture are slowed even on short-duration missions. With long-duration flights, changes in reflexes may become a major issue."
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Cabin and Cockpit Safety, 2004.
An examination of the importance of cabin and cockpit safety and how it can save lives.
1,787 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses safety in the 21st century and enhancing it by focusing on cabin and cockpit safety. Presently, the only automated systems required on board modern aircraft are the automatic fire detection systems for the engines and cargo compartments receptacle fire bottles. Manually operated extinguishers are provided for the engine and cargo areas. Pilot-controlled fire extinguishing systems exist for both these areas. Some aircraft have overheat detection in the avionics compartments, but no automated fire extinguishing system. Integrated systems are needed to detect and extinguish fires in aircraft, wherever they occur, before they can damage the aircraft or its systems. Since 1996, there have been three major aircraft accidents involving fire in the cockpit and cabin. Two had no fire detection systems; those accidents were fatal. The aircraft involved in the third accident had smoke detection that enabled the crew to land before the aircraft was severely damaged. This should make it clear that fire detection saves lives.
From the Paper
"e industry has not kept pace with the demand put on it by significant changes to the design of electrical systems on airplanes. There needs to be a great deal of work done to prevent electrical fires from the beginning. We also need systems designed to provide fire detection and suppression in all the possible fire regions in the airplane fuselage, both accessible and inaccessible. Failure to execute these changes will put crews and passengers at an unnecessarily risk to experience a catastrophic in-flight fire, a terrible fate experienced by too many already. We can prevent in-flight fire catastrophes if we want to."
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Westjet, 2004.
A strategic analysis of marketing management in the airline industry.
1,854 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how, while many previously successful airlines are challenged with labour issues, unsustainable cost structures and complex pricing structures, WestJet succeeds by filling the gaps that the industry has left open through operational and strategic deficiencies. WestJet is perceived as an ?engine of the significant evolution in the airline industry.? It looks at how in 2003, WestJet was named Canada?s second most respected company, ranking first in high quality product and customer service and second in HR management and top of mind categories. It also examines how standardized flights, low prices, humorous promotions and web-based ticketing are the most visible components of WestJet?s marketing strategy and how the underlying key success factor stems from the organization?s low-cost strategic thrust and the eight unique business strategy components that support it. This paper details an analysis of the airline industry, the components that form WestJet's competitive advantage, the future of WestJet and the strategic recommendations to sustain the organization's growth. Included is Porter's Five Forces Model, a competitive analysis of the airline industry and relevant article studies.
Outline
1.0 Industry Analysis: General Overview
2.0 Competitive Environment: Facing Industry Challenges
3.0 WestJet?s Marketing Strategy: Achieving a Unique Position
4.0 Low-Cost: WestJet?s Strategic Thrust
4.1 ?No Frills? Product/Service
4.2 Single Aircraft Type
4.3 High Aircraft Utilization
4.4 Simplified Route Structure
4.5 Ticket-less Distribution
4.6 Intelligent Technological Systems
4.7 Humorous Promotional Tactics
4.8 Company Culture: Tying it all Together
5.0 The Future of WestJet: More Destinations, More Growth
6.0 Strategic Recommendations: Customers, Competitors and Growth
6.1 Customers
6.2 Competitors
6.3 Growth
Exhibit 1 - Porter?s Five Forces Model ? Airline Industry
Exhibit 2 - Competitor Analysis
Exhibit 3 - Strategy ComponentsExhibit 4: Relevant Article Studies
From the Paper
"In 1987 the government deregulated the Canadian airline industry, allowing airlines to establish fares and conditions without any intervention and dramatically changing the industry dynamics. It is with this change that the ?low-cost? business model fully came to life. Though the subsequent merger of Air Canada (AC) with Canadian Airlines dominated the market for a short time (with AC gaining 80% control over the market), the airlines control over the Canadian skies has not lasted long. With the costs of running a traditional airline escalating, a new strategic thrust has been adopted by both current and new carriers in the market who are now taking advantage of the increased demand for a low-cost no-frills product. Though WestJet is currently dominating the no-frills Canadian market, with a 55% market share for scheduled domestic flights, they have inspired others to adopt the ?low-cost? business model."
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Korean Airlines Flight 801, 2004.
Examines how the 1997 air crash of Flight 801 could have claimed fewer lives.
2,365 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
On August 6, 1997, Korean Air flight 801 (KAL 801) crashed at Nimitz Hill, Guam. Of the 254 persons on board, 228 were killed and 23 passengers and 3 flight attendants survived the accident with serious injuries. This paper argues that more lives could have been saved if more emphasis were made on planning, equipping, execution, and training of all components that encompassed the Emergency Response Team, Guam International Airport, Agana, Guam.
From the Paper
"The Guam Civil Defense director also testified that, before the accident, Guam Civil Defense authorities had a memorandum of understanding (MOA) with the U.S. Air Force for emergency response but had not established an MOA with the U.S. Navy or U.S. Coast Guard. The Guam Civil Defense director stated that, after the accident, Guam authorities formed an emergency response committee, which included the Navy, the Coast Guard, and the Air Force, and that an MOA involving all emergency response agencies on the island had been drafted. The director stated that the MOA called for emergency response drills involving all of the agencies."
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Crew Resource Management, 2004.
An overview of what Crew Resource Management (CRM) entails in the aviation industry.
1,613 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how building teams and working in a team is important in specialized environments such as aviation and how one instructional strategy for training aviation teams is the Crew Resource Management (CRM), which has been practiced for more than a dozen years by aviation organizations. It provides the historical approach and the philosophy behind CRM, followed by a description of the variety of CRM training and today?s CRM training methods.
Outline
Introduction
The Way to Crew Resource Management
The Philosophy of CRM
The Variety of CRM Training
CRM Training Methods
CRM Program Results
Future Focus on CRM
From the Paper
"The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) specifies (FAA AC 120-51a; 1991) three phases of CRM training: awareness, practice and feedback, and assessment of specific skills. This shows that behavioral skill practice and feedback in addition to the behavioral basis has become an important part in CRM training (Baker D., et al., 1993).
Existing programs are conducted in three different ways like pure lectures in classrooms, trainee participation through role-play practice or by a realistic flight in a full-mission simulator."
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Pilot Personality, 2004.
A look at the requirements to become a pilot or navigator in the military.
1,065 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how becoming a pilot or navigator is one of the most competitive challenges anyone can pursue and how it requires early planning and excellence in math, science, health, and behavior. It explores the need for the military to select people with a specific personality, behaviour, and skills and how, therefore, there is a need for selection programs. In particular, it attempts to evaluate whether there is a 'pilot personality' specified by the military that is supported by scientific data.
Outline
Introduction
History of Pilot Personality Studies
Military Pilot Personality Research Methods
Research Results / Findings
The Military Perspective
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The latest research concentrates on factors beyond cognitive ability and psychomotor skills and does not compare different groups of the population. These studies focus on military flying personnel and examine factors like motivational problems and anxiety. ?Personality measures were chosen on the basis of anecdotal evidence and from clinical experience with operational pilots?(Siem, F. M., 1992). The five examined characteristics are divided in ?socially desirable characteristics? like self-confidence, mental flexibility and ?social undesirable characteristics? like hostility, depression and mania (Siem, F. M., 1992). This examination was accomplished with a paper-and-pencil test filled out by the candidates."
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Mars Pathfinder, 2004.
An overview of the 1996 Mars Pathfinder mission.
5,162 words (approx. 20.6 pages), 22 sources, MLA, $ 129.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a mission overview of the Mars Pathfinder mission ,launched in December 1996 as part of an ongoing series of Mars missions to prepare for the landing of a man on the 'red planet' in the next century. It gives a brief mission summary, followed by a scientific description focusing on how Pathfinder made it to Mars and how it surveyed Mars's atmosphere and Mars's surface. It looks at how Mars Pathfinder was not only a huge scientific success, but also gave the public, via Internet, the opportunity to participate at a space mission at a level never experienced before.
Outline
Title
Abstract
Chapter
Introduction
Mission Summary
Science Description
Spacecraft Description
Development and Manufacturing Structure
Launch Vehicle
Mission Costs
Summary
From the Paper
"On December 4, 1996 the pathfinder mission was launched on a Delta II-7925 launch vehicle out of Cape Canaveral Air Station. After 211 days in space and a distance traveled of almost 300 million miles the spacecraft landed on July 4, 1997 at its destination (DLR, 2003). In order to fine-tune the flight path a series of four-trajectory correction maneuvers (TCMs) were performed throughout the journey. NASA used the Deep Space Network (DSN) for tracking, telemetry, and command operations. DSN is an international network of antennas that supports interplanetary spacecraft missions by using giant dish antennas (Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 2004)."
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Aviation and 9/11, 2002.
Analysis of the effects of terrorism and September 11 on aviation.
5,491 words (approx. 22.0 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 134.95
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Abstract
This report examines the roots of terrorism and the changes that came in the wake of the September 11th attacks. It provides an interesting perspective upon how aviation security was structured before and after the attacks. With the threat of terrorist activity increasing, the interest of many citizens is geared towards the actions taken to enhance security, both foreign and domestic. Great measures in airport security can be found in Section 4 of the report. In it, many of the post-September 11th, hi-tech gadgets are outlined. With terrorism constantly changing to counteract security measures, the need for follow-up investigations is vital. With the cumulative knowledge of past strategies of terrorism and precedent security changes, analysis of that research allows for the formation of conclusions. These conclusions can, in turn, be related to policy.
From the Paper
"One huge international aviation organization is the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). ?This is the aviation wing of the United Nations. With their head quarters in Montreal, Canada, the ICAO is the forefront of international aviation rule-making? (Wilkinson 83). ?When airborne terrorism started becoming an issue, ICAO was the first to create standards and recommend practices to deter a terrorist threat. The ICAO is comprised of a tiered committee structure? (Jenkins 84). It is made up of 185 member states and was born in Chicago after the appropriate number of states ratified the treaty. The aviation security panel actually is the body which publishes international standards (mandatory) and recommended practices that all member states to put into effect within their respective airlines."
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Southwest Airlines and Communication, 2003.
Examines the impact of effective communications on the external publics of Southwest Airlines.
1,028 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
Effective communication is the key to any business success. The communication process is essential to employee morale, efficiency, and bottom-line profits. Both internal and external publics are addressed in the communication process. The external publics consist of vendors, competitors, customers, and Wall Street. This paper discusses the communication process and looks at the impact of effective communications on Southwest Airlines's external publics.
From the Paper
"Southwest Airlines has used effective communication to grow from a small Texas intrastate airline, into the fourth largest airline in the United States (Kim). The mission of Southwest Airlines is dedication to the highest quality of customer service delivered with a sense of warmth, friendliness, individual pride, and company spirit. Southwest is committed to providing its employees a stable work environment with equal opportunity for learning and personal growth. Creativity and innovation are encouraged for improving the effectiveness of Southwest Airlines. Employees are provided the same concern, respect, and caring attitude within the organization that they are expected to share externally with every Southwest Customer."
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Pratt and Whitney, 2003.
History, statistics, and economic outlook of the Pratt and Whitney Aircraft Company.
1,069 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper provides an overview of the Pratt and Whitney Aircraft Company. It discusses the company's history and looks at the present market trends of the industry in line with Pratt and Whitney's performance. The economic situation of the company is analyzed, and forecasts for the future are made.
Background
Current Statistics
Economic Outlook
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"Frederick Brant Rentschler had a dream to build a lighter, stronger and more reliable aircraft engine. Rentschler found everything he needed to make his vision reality at the Pratt and Whitney Tool Company in Connecticut. Pratt and Whitney (P&W) had the machines, financing, facilities, and almost everything needed to produce aircraft engines. Rentschler believed that the future of aviation relied upon the manufacture of light weight but powerful engines. Engine technology was at a turning point in aviation history in 1925, when the entire industry was leaning towards the production of water-cooled engines. At that time only Rentschler seemed to realize that the future of aviation lied with light, air-cooled engines, instead of the much heavier water-cooled versions. The Pratt and Whitney Aircraft Company was contracted to build engines for the Navy shortly after the first engines were produced. The engine impressed naval officials with its unprecedented performance, speed and reliability. Since then P&W has been the major supplier of aircraft engines for the United States Military. In 1929 Rentschler left the Pratt and Whitney Company and founded the United Aircraft and Transport Corporation. Rentschler was allowed to continue using the Pratt and Whitney name. The United Aircraft and Transport Corporation is now known as United Technologies, and is the parent company of P&W."
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Northwest Airlines, 2003.
This paper discusses the business of Northwest Airlines and its plans for future development.
1,875 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Northwest?s mission and vision statements call for a very high standard of service that the company does not always deliver. The author points out that Northwest partially owns the travel site, Orbitz.com, and should consider making agreements with other online ticket agents. The paper states that Northwest still has a long way to go to compete with low-cost airlines, but, with effective management, it could become the world?s largest low-cost carrier.
Table of Contents
Vision Statement
Mission Statement
Run a Great Airline
Put Customers First
Focus on People
Build our Network
Secure our Future
Labor Costs
Changes at Northwest
Managerial Indecision
Northwest on the Internet
Competing with Low-Cost Carriers
Conclusion
From the Paper
"One factor contributing towards Northwest?s success compared to other major air carriers is that they started planning to reduce costs and increase revenue over six months prior to the attacks of September 11, 2001. The plan prior to the September 11th focused on changing the flying schedule and fleet composition, a 5 percent decrease in overall management payroll, cutting advertising, and also management training (Northwest Airlines outlines). These cuts did make it easier for Northwest to endure the economic aftermath of September 11th, but some of them seem to be counter productive. Cutting advertising costs is a short term solution designed to produce immediate results. Increasing advertising spending could increase revenue by millions."
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British Airways (BA), 2004.
This paper discusses British Airways as compared to its competitors, Air France and Ryanair.
2,045 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, with a dominant position at London's Heathrow, Europe's busiest airport, BA enjoys a powerful franchise; but BA's cost-cutting, downsizing strategy has caused it to lose its leadership position in both the European and global markets. The author points out that the two segments of the market important to BA, transatlantic flights and business travel, have been particularly hit; compounding the problem is that British Airway's most important partner in the One World alliance of carriers, American Airlines, is in deep trouble. The paper states that BA?s response to competition from Ryanair has been poor because, despite projections that the low-cost carriers were expected to grow by thirty percent a year, BA sold its no-frills carrier, Go, in 2001 and put its marketing budget behind winning premium class passengers.
Table of Contents
Changes in the Business Environment
The Operations of BA, Air France and Ryanair
BA Marketing strategies (Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning)
Marketing Mix Comparison: BA, Air France and Ryanair
Change in Critical Success Factors for BA
BA?s Response to Ryanair
From the Paper
"With triple the costs of Ryanair, BA had relied on premium business travelers and transatlantic flights to absorb its expensive operations. And, it had not encountered meaningful competition from no-frills airlines. Therefore, the real critical factors for BA?s success were first-rate service and ample capacity across a large portfolio of destinations. As the market turned south because of a variety of issues such as economic recession, disease and terrorism, BA was ill prepared to readily streamline its operations and change its marketing strategy."
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An Analysis of Modern Aviation Safety Issues, 2001.
A comprehensive examination of the human factors and the hardware involved in ensuring safe air travel today.
10,536 words (approx. 42.1 pages), 21 sources, APA, $ 210.95
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Abstract
There is no question that safety measures substantially contribute to the cost of purchasing an aircraft, but the cost of safety only begins with the purchase price. Further costs are incurred in performing, logging, and storing records of maintenance procedures and routine safety inspections. This paper explains, however, that it is not possible to gauge the worth of a human life in terms of dollars, and those trusting their lives to experienced pilots and proven aircraft need to be assured that their choice to fly was a prudent one. This research shows that the effects of deregulation have created an enormous increase in air travel, as well as private ownership of aircraft. The aviation industry continues to demonstrate significant progress in achieving better safety records and enjoys an enviable safety reputation. This paper provides a review of the literature to examine the human factors as well as the hardware involved in ensuring safe air travel, followed by a description of the research methodology used. The results of the research are followed by a discussion of the issues identified and the conclusions reached as a result. The research project recommendations conclude the paper.
Acknowledgements
Abstract
List of Tables
List of Figures
Chapter
I Introduction
II Review of Relevant Literature and Research.
III. Research Methodology.
Research Technique
Research Design
Survey Population
Sources of Data
The Data Gathering Instrument
Pilot Study
Pretest
Distribution Method
Reliability
Validity
Treatment of Data and Procedures
IV. Results
V. Discussion
VI. Conclusions
VII. Recommendations
References
Appendixes
From the Paper
"The first successful airplane flights did not take place until 1903. Yet today, airplanes affect the lives of people almost everywhere. Giant airliners carry passengers and cargo between the world's major cities in a matter of hours. Planes and helicopters rush medicine and other supplies to the farthest islands and deepest jungles. Farmers use airplanes to seed fields, count livestock, and spray crops. Aviation has also changed the way nations make war. Modern warfare depends on the instant striking power of jet fighters and bombers and the rapid supply capabilities of jet transports. Helicopters and other special aircraft have also been important in military aviation over the last 40 years. Hundreds of thousands of airplanes are used throughout the world. They range from small planes with room for only a pilot to enormous jumbo jets, which can carry hundreds of passengers. To produce and operate all these airplanes requires the skills of millions of workers in many countries--from the engineers who design the planes to the mechanics and pilots who service and fly them. Many government agencies also work to make flying safer and more dependable. All these activities together make up the aviation industry. The industry's two major branches are the manufacture of aircraft and aircraft components, such as engines, and the operation of airlines. The manufacture of aircraft, together with the manufacture of spacecraft, missiles, and related electronic equipment, is often called the aerospace industry."
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Aviation Containerization, 2004.
A review of two air cargo-related articles and discussion on the advantages and disadvantages of the containerization aspects of air cargo.
816 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper critiques two air cargo related articles, "Best and the Brightest" by William DeCota, and "U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Approves Telair International Blast-Resistant Baggage Container" by Teleflex Incorporated. It looks at how the first article argues that containers have helped the air cargo industry grow, and the second article discusses new container technology. It explores how, although the aviation industry is very well-known for transporting people, the air cargo service is becoming more attractive to shippers as aircraft?s capacity, frequency of lifts, handling facilities, and number of service locations increases.
From the Paper
"Containerization protected the cargo on both the ground and while in flight from things like shift damage, theft, and weather. But, because containers put the entire cargo in one centralized canister, containerization actually made it easier for thieves to steal an entire cargo as opposed to if the shipment were split and most container damage occurs because of overcrowded conditions that force cargo to be stacked above recommended heights or re-positioned frequently. Nonetheless, the industry has been able to standardize air cargo and from the invention of containers the cargo industry has grown."
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Technology in the Airline Industry, 2004.
An examination of the success of the new airlines like JetBlue and other smaller carriers due to the advancement in technology.
2,053 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 19 sources, APA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
This report focuses on how newer, smaller, and more technologically advanced airlines like JetBlue are fulfilling their mission in providing outstanding customer service. Weaknesses in the airline industry have become more than apparent. Moving into the 21st century, commercial aviation has been in a steady decline. The paper shows that the major airlines might have felt as though the new, low-cost carriers were just a passing fad and that, by comparison, the major airlines would continue to offer a superior service. The papers shows, however, that smaller carriers such as JetBlue have demonstrated that they can operate more efficiently and be more cost-effective by having the latest technology in their business model, information and infrastructure systems, airplanes, and terminals.
From the Paper
"Furthermore, convenience has been declining of late; congestion and flight delays reached record levels before September 11, and the additional security measures now in place have added further difficulties for travelers.? (Costa, Harned, & Lundquist, 2002) Through all of the current turmoil in the industry, smaller commercial carriers have become the epitome of success. Southwest and JetBlue for example have been consistently turning a profit and consumers have confirmed their support for the brand names."
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United Airlines, 2004.
This paper is an analysis of United Airlines?s strategic position, given that the company is in Chapter 11 bankruptcy, filed in December, 2002.
1,925 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 61.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that United?s mission and objectives are far too generic to service brands as a whole and, to that extent, need reviewing in order for United?s mission to lead to the corporation developing a unique, relevant culture and business approach. The author believes that, judging from the airline?s performance in the areas of on-time performance and its success in restructuring and adapting to the changing environment, it can be assumed that United?s management is acting responsibly and ethically. The paper concludes that, for United to resolve its financial problems, it is critical that employees understand the importance of the current, imperative need to reduce costs aggressively across all of the airline functions. Table.
Table of Contents
Current Situation: Current Performance
Current Situation: Strategic Posture
Corporate Governance: Board of Directors
Top Management
Situational Analysis
Review of Mission & Objectives
Strategic Alternatives and Recommended Strategy
From the Paper
"United?s top management comprises of people with varying industry backgrounds and expertise, including obviously aviation. The Chairman, President & CEO, Glenn Tilton is a recent appointee having previously served as Vice Chairman of the board of directors of Chevron Texaco. He is supported by a group of Vice Presidents heading functions such as Finance, Strategy, Operations, Customer, Onboard Services, Worldwide Sales and Alliances, Airport Operations, Maintenance & Engineering, Corporate & Government Affairs etc. People with relevant background skills and experience who are closely involved in the business planning and strategic development process of the airline characterize the top management."
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The Etymology of "Pilot", 2004.
Thorough investigation of the etymology of the word "pilot".
1,573 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a thorough explanation of the origins and development of the word "pilot".
From the Paper
"A word predating aviation potentially by thousands of years, ?pilot? currently connotes the operator of an aircraft. For example, the American Heritage Dictionary defines pilot as ?one who operates or is licensed to operate an aircraft in flight.? All modern English dictionaries, from the Oxford English to the Merriam-Webster to the Gage Canadian, cite aircraft in the first and primary definition of the word pilot, at least in its form as a noun. Pilot is most commonly used as a noun, to denote a person who operates a craft; when the word is used as a transitive verb its meaning tends to be more general. Like many words in the English language, pilot can be traced to more than one linguistic origin: its closest relative seems to be the French word ?pilote,? which itself derives from the Italian word ?pilota.? "
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Aircraft in World War I, 2004.
This paper describes the introduction of aircraft into the conduct of war during World War I.
1,410 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses that German aircraft began consistently bombing England, thus changing the way war was fought. The author points out that, in 1911, although America had what was considered the world?s first air force, it only consisted of one plane and one pilot. The paper relates that, at the beginning, airplanes shot at each other with rifles; the addition of machine guns mounted on the topmost wing added another dimension.
From the Paper
"Airwar offered the hope of ending this nonproductive ground battles by carrying the offensive to the enemy territory. Aircraft could readily cross the lines of trenches and hit Germany?s vital centers, including their industry, population, and military forces. aircraft could strike targets that would have a significant effect on the fielded armies, their supplies and armaments. This helped improve morale as well as push the Allies closer to an eventual win."
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American Airlines, 2004.
This paper gives a brief summary of the history of American Airlines and the benefits it provides frequent flyers and VIPs.
1,025 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that American Airlines has always been one step ahead in its marketing and gimmick techniques. It mentions that American Airlines was the first airline to offer a VIP lounge service and discusses the VIP AAdvantage service in detail.
From the Paper
"Originally the aviation industry had very few strong advocates, and C.R. Smith wanted to do something to show his appreciation, so he created the ?Admirals? Club? which was for those individuals and friends of the airline that he called ?Admirals?. Not long after, other airlines followed suit, and nowadays the Admirals? Club allows membership for anyone over the age of 18 and varying on their frequent flyer, AAdvantage status."
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