| Papers [1-19] of 634 :: [Page 1 of 34] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 —> | |
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Anxiety Disorders in Older People, 2008. An analysis of the study "The Outcome of Anxiety Disorders in Older People at 6-year Follow-up Results from Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam" by J. Schuurman, H. Comija, A. Beekman, E. de Beurs, D. Deeg, P. Emmelkamp and R. van Dyak. 2,079 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 65.95 »
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Abstract The paper summarizes the Schuurman et al.'s research study "The Outcome of Anxiety Disorders in Older People at 6-year Follow-up Results from Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam" that was an examination of the long-term consequences of late-life anxiety disorders and patient's utilization of mental health care services. The paper offers a brief description of the abstract, introduction, method, results, discussion and Schuurman et al.'s conclusions. The paper also includes the main points of the study and then concludes with this author's personal reactions to the research findings.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Brief Description of the Abstract
Brief Description of the Introduction
Brief Description of Method
Brief Description of Results
Brief Description of Discussion
Brief Description of Conclusion
Personal Reactions to the Study
From the Paper "The objective of Schuurman et al.'s (2005) study was an examination of the long-term consequences of late-life anxiety disorders and patient's utilization of mental health care services. To address these areas, the researchers interviewed a group of subjects, over the age of 55, that had an anxiety disorder, identified in the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam. The rate of persistence and prognostic factors for persistence of anxiety were established, at a 6-year follow up study. It was discovered that patients with a high incidence of neuroticism were at a greater risk of anxiety persistence, despite efforts to enhance appropriate referral of older adults suffering from anxiety."
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Revenue Healthcare, 2008. A research analysis to discover which tools healthcare organizations and practitioners may use to increase revenue streams while facing rising costs and an increasingly aging population relying on Medicare and Medicaid. 2,013 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 63.95 »
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Abstract The paper reviews the trends, innovations and future of finances, revenue streams and investments in the healthcare industry. In doing so the paper proposes several choices or alternative sources of revenues for hospitals treating an ever-increasing number of patients that rely on Medicare and Medicaid for insurance. The paper comments that at the time of this study, most hospitals fell short of revenue goals because Medicare and Medicaid did not provide adequate compensation to meet the needs of the aging population.
Outline:
Introduction
Purpose of the Study
Overview Medicare & Medicaid
Background and Review of the Problem
Tools Used in the Past to Generate Revenue
Tools That May Save Money
Other Sources of Funding
How to Protect Revenue Streams
From the Paper "Unfortunately, while these programs offer some assistance to patients, Medicare and Medicaid often fall far short of need when the time comes to pay for lengthy hospital stays. Legislation in recent years has proposed cutting the budget for Medicare and Medicaid in the past, something that would only increase the problem hospitals and other healthcare facilities have when collecting revenues for treatments offered to the Medicare and Medicaid population (AHA, 2006). Many hospitals and other facilities have gone as far as denying treatment because they cannot keep up with costs associated with caring for those without secondary insurance."
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Aging in Australia, 2008. This paper examines studies on aging and identity and on the state of care transitions in Australia. 1,428 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 47.95 »
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Abstract The paper discusses age-identity researches conducted on older and middle-aged persons in Australia and focuses on a study where a small group of women aged 40-65 were interviewed on how they viewed their lives at their stage in life. The paper relates the findings of this study that most participants had a satisfying life, benefiting from the disappearance of previous stressors in their lives. The paper highlights the implication that what counts is not one's age but the meaning people place on their experiences. The paper then examines the problem of care transitions and looks at studies on residential care facilities.
From the Paper "A national summit was held in Melbourne, Australia to address two major population issues, one on the declining population growth and the other on the ageing and retiring population (Stoneman 2002). According to current projections, Australia's population would be 25 million by the year 2050. By then, the average Australian would be 47 years old and 26% would be 80 years old and above. Managers have been aware of the trend for many years now. It has also infused pressure into government policies, affected the labor market and raised retirement ages. Yet virtually nothing has been done to handle the looming problem (Stoneman)."
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Palliative Care and End-of Life Nursing, 2008. This paper researches palliative care nursing preparation for the psychological factors of patient, family and caregivers during the end-of-life period. 1,451 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 48.95 »
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Abstract The paper discusses the competencies necessary for nurses in providing high-quality care to patients and families of patients during the transition at the end-of-life stage of care. The paper reveals that a critical aspect of palliative care is support on the psychological level and preparing the patient and family members to cope with the factors associated with impending death. The paper emphasizes that only the nurse who possesses the stated competencies and whom has prepared the family in anticipation of the progressive stages of the disease, is capable of minimizing the experienced psychological stress for both the patient and their family members.
Outline:
Introduction
Palliative care Nursing Competencies
Correlation of End-Of-Life Factors and Psychological Stress
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper "There was little in earlier centuries that the health care professional could actually do to help patients during the end-of life period except to attempt to ease the pain and suffering experienced by the individual however, recent research has identified specific competencies and best practices for the individual who acts as a nurse to patients during this transition period. Since people live longer in today's world and the elderly population only continues to grow, there are more people with chronic illness in need of care."
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Reactive Oxygen Species and Free Radicals in Aging, 2008. An analysis of the role of reactive oxygen species (or ROS), which includes oxygen free radicals (or OFRs), in the aging process. 2,142 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 67.95 »
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Abstract This paper analyzes the aging process in humans. It describes the effect of aging on the organs of the body and discusses the role of reactive oxygen species (or ROS), which includes oxygen free radicals (or OFRs) in this process. The paper also discusses chronic fatigue and its effects and then briefly discusses the link between fatigue and aging.
From the Paper "Fatigue and aging seem linked. A decrease in energy production with aging is associated at least partly with mitochondrial lipid peroxidation by ROS and the body's failure to replace or repair the injured molecules. Damage to the membranes and the consequent dysfunction of mitochondria by ROS can also lead to certain changes, such as mutations and deletions in the mitochondrial DNA or mtDNA. The mitochondrial theory of aging suggests that degenerative disease is explained partly by accumulated mtDNA mutations and deletions and oxidative injury to mitochondrial members through time. These findings connected chronic diseases to the degree of mitochondrial membrane lipid peroxidation and mtDNA injury. This is why experts link or relate the damage of mtDNA and mitochondrial membrane age-related degenerative diseases. These diseases lead to important cell changes, which determine its survival and say a lot about the disturbing phenomenon known as aging (Nicolson)."
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Suicide among the Elderly, 2008. An analysis of the factors that contribute to elderly people considering suicide and what can be done to prevent it. 1,541 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 50.95 »
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Abstract This paper examines why older people, especially those suffering from depression and other illnesses, give consideration to suicide. It discusses the signs that carers should look out for that indicate that an elderly person may be considering suicide. The paper also looks at what can be done to prevent these aging citizens from harming themselves.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Available Literature Reflecting Pertinent Studies
Intervention Programs
Conclusion
From the Paper "It is clear that many older people, for a variety of health and situational reasons, give serious consideration to suicide. It is also clear that when there is psychosocial intervention, those older people begin to become more positive about their lives. And beyond that, the data found while researching this paper indicates that more seniors prefer counseling over antidepressant drugs; but counseling services are not available to many older people. The answer for community-based health care service providers is to increase the number of counselors available to the elderly, decrease the number of prescriptions for antidepressant drugs, and give special attention to the low income sector of older people because they are the most often in need and most often neglected."
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Access to Care, 2008. An outline of Medicare, a publicly funded health insurance program in the US that gives health care coverage and access to those aged sixty-five and over. 1,190 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 40.95 »
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Abstract The paper discusses the origin of the US Medicare system and states that it was established in order to assist individuals with the costs of healthcare. The paper states the eligibility requirements, healthcare benefits and mentions the medication availability and insurance coverage. The paper concludes by highlighting the fact that as Medicare is a complex system it is important to educate the healthcare professionals on the coverage that is available.
From the Paper "In 2006, prescription drug coverage was added to Medicare coverage as Part D. Any individual who is eligible to receive benefits under either Part A or Part B is automatically eligible to receive benefits under Part D. However, in addition, to be eligible for Part D coverage, an individual must first enroll in a stand-alone Prescription Drug Plan or the Medicare Advantage Plan that included prescription drug coverage. The plans are actually administered by private health insurance companies and are only designed and administered by Medicare. Further, unlike Medicare Part A and Part B, under Part D coverage is not standardized."
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"Assessment of Dependency Levels of Older People", 2008. A review of the purpose, method and conclusions of G. Byrne, A. Brady, P. Horan, C. Macgregor, and C. Begley's article, "Assessment of Dependency Levels of Older People in the Community and Measurement of Nursing Workload." 3,040 words (approx. 12.2 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 89.95 »
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Abstract This paper critiques G. Byrne, A. Brady, P. Horan, C. Macgregor, and C. Begley's article, "Assessment of Dependency Levels of Older People in the Community and Measurement of Nursing Workload." It discusses the background of the authors, analyzes the purpose of the study and describes the methods that were used. Lastly, the paper discusses the researcher's conclusions.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Problem/Purpose
Literature Review
Study Framework or Theoretical Perspective
Objectives, Questions or Hypotheses
List Attribute/Demographic Variables
Sample Setting
Research Design
Measurement Methods and Tools
Procedures
Statistical Analysis
Describe the Researcher's Interpretation of the Findings
Describe the Researcher's Generalization of the Findings
Identify the Implications of the Findings for Nursing
List the Researcher's Suggestions for Further Studies
From the Paper "This study quantified the amount of home care input provided to older people living at home. It also differentiated the input provided by PHNs, home helps, and healthcare assistants. The study identified the Nursing Assessment had the highest level of client need among the older patients, while Physical Care Requirements was the least needed by the older clients. The highest mean score for level of need was for Case Management. Other low needs were Environmental Factors, indicating that they felt safe in their living situations."
"This study identified that PHNs allocate a majority of their time to home visits. It also identified that PHNs play a multitude of roles in providing home care for the elderly. The PHN does not only play the role of a liason for general practitioners, but the PHNs also involved themselves in social work activities as needed by older clients. There were cases when older clients did not avail of other community services such as accepting meals on wheels, refuse day care center services, or refuse panic button and safety locks, because of the stigma that accompanied this service. This entailed that the PHN had to monitor these older clients more frequently."
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"Assessment of Dependency Levels of Older People", 2008. A review of the purpose, method and conclusions of G. Byrne, A. Brady, P. Horan, C. Macgregor, and C. Begley's article, "Assessment of Dependency Levels of Older People in the Community and Measurement of Nursing Workload." 3,040 words (approx. 12.2 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 89.95 »
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Abstract This paper critiques G. Byrne, A. Brady, P. Horan, C. Macgregor, and C. Begley's article, "Assessment of Dependency Levels of Older People in the Community and Measurement of Nursing Workload." It discusses the background of the authors, analyzes the purpose of the study and describes the methods that were used. Lastly, the paper discusses the researcher's conclusions.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Problem/Purpose
Literature Review
Study Framework or Theoretical Perspective
Objectives, Questions or Hypotheses
List Attribute/Demographic Variables
Sample Setting
Research Design
Measurement Methods and Tools
Procedures
Statistical Analysis
Describe the Researcher's Interpretation of the Findings
Describe the Researcher's Generalization of the Findings
Identify the Implications of the Findings for Nursing
List the Researcher's Suggestions for Further Studies
From the Paper "This study quantified the amount of home care input provided to older people living at home. It also differentiated the input provided by PHNs, home helps, and healthcare assistants. The study identified the Nursing Assessment had the highest level of client need among the older patients, while Physical Care Requirements was the least needed by the older clients. The highest mean score for level of need was for Case Management. Other low needs were Environmental Factors, indicating that they felt safe in their living situations."
"This study identified that PHNs allocate a majority of their time to home visits. It also identified that PHNs play a multitude of roles in providing home care for the elderly. The PHN does not only play the role of a liason for general practitioners, but the PHNs also involved themselves in social work activities as needed by older clients. There were cases when older clients did not avail of other community services such as accepting meals on wheels, refuse day care center services, or refuse panic button and safety locks, because of the stigma that accompanied this service. This entailed that the PHN had to monitor these older clients more frequently."
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"Assessment of Dependency Levels of Older People", 2008. A review of the purpose, method and conclusions of G. Byrne, A. Brady, P. Horan, C. Macgregor, and C. Begley's article, "Assessment of Dependency Levels of Older People in the Community and Measurement of Nursing Workload." 3,040 words (approx. 12.2 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 89.95 »
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract This paper critiques G. Byrne, A. Brady, P. Horan, C. Macgregor, and C. Begley's article, "Assessment of Dependency Levels of Older People in the Community and Measurement of Nursing Workload." It discusses the background of the authors, analyzes the purpose of the study and describes the methods that were used. Lastly, the paper discusses the researcher's conclusions.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Problem/Purpose
Literature Review
Study Framework or Theoretical Perspective
Objectives, Questions or Hypotheses
List Attribute/Demographic Variables
Sample Setting
Research Design
Measurement Methods and Tools
Procedures
Statistical Analysis
Describe the Researcher's Interpretation of the Findings
Describe the Researcher's Generalization of the Findings
Identify the Implications of the Findings for Nursing
List the Researcher's Suggestions for Further Studies
From the Paper "This study quantified the amount of home care input provided to older people living at home. It also differentiated the input provided by PHNs, home helps, and healthcare assistants. The study identified the Nursing Assessment had the highest level of client need among the older patients, while Physical Care Requirements was the least needed by the older clients. The highest mean score for level of need was for Case Management. Other low needs were Environmental Factors, indicating that they felt safe in their living situations."
"This study identified that PHNs allocate a majority of their time to home visits. It also identified that PHNs play a multitude of roles in providing home care for the elderly. The PHN does not only play the role of a liason for general practitioners, but the PHNs also involved themselves in social work activities as needed by older clients. There were cases when older clients did not avail of other community services such as accepting meals on wheels, refuse day care center services, or refuse panic button and safety locks, because of the stigma that accompanied this service. This entailed that the PHN had to monitor these older clients more frequently."
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"Assessment of Dependency Levels of Older People", 2008. A review of the purpose, method and conclusions of G. Byrne, A. Brady, P. Horan, C. Macgregor, and C. Begley's article, "Assessment of Dependency Levels of Older People in the Community and Measurement of Nursing Workload." 3,040 words (approx. 12.2 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 89.95 »
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract This paper critiques G. Byrne, A. Brady, P. Horan, C. Macgregor, and C. Begley's article, "Assessment of Dependency Levels of Older People in the Community and Measurement of Nursing Workload." It discusses the background of the authors, analyzes the purpose of the study and describes the methods that were used. Lastly, the paper discusses the researcher's conclusions.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Problem/Purpose
Literature Review
Study Framework or Theoretical Perspective
Objectives, Questions or Hypotheses
List Attribute/Demographic Variables
Sample Setting
Research Design
Measurement Methods and Tools
Procedures
Statistical Analysis
Describe the Researcher's Interpretation of the Findings
Describe the Researcher's Generalization of the Findings
Identify the Implications of the Findings for Nursing
List the Researcher's Suggestions for Further Studies
From the Paper "This study quantified the amount of home care input provided to older people living at home. It also differentiated the input provided by PHNs, home helps, and healthcare assistants. The study identified the Nursing Assessment had the highest level of client need among the older patients, while Physical Care Requirements was the least needed by the older clients. The highest mean score for level of need was for Case Management. Other low needs were Environmental Factors, indicating that they felt safe in their living situations."
"This study identified that PHNs allocate a majority of their time to home visits. It also identified that PHNs play a multitude of roles in providing home care for the elderly. The PHN does not only play the role of a liason for general practitioners, but the PHNs also involved themselves in social work activities as needed by older clients. There were cases when older clients did not avail of other community services such as accepting meals on wheels, refuse day care center services, or refuse panic button and safety locks, because of the stigma that accompanied this service. This entailed that the PHN had to monitor these older clients more frequently."
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African-American Grandmothers, 2008. Looks at the grandmother as the linchpin of the African-American family. 2,485 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 75.95 »
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Abstract This paper explains that, for many generations, African-American grandmothers not only have contributed economically to the family but have been the social fixture through which her family and community maintain their cohesiveness. The author relates that, in recent years, a growing number of African-American grandmothers have become "new parents again" by taking on the sole parenting responsibility for their grandchildren. The paper explores the reasons behind this trend, the historic role of the African-American grandmothers and some of the physical, mental and emotional effects of this next generation parenting role.
From the Paper "However, African-American grandmothers as caregivers are no new phenomenon. Jiminez (2002) did a study in which she examined primary sources such as the testimonies of elderly African-American women who had been slaves. She used their stories, oral histories, biographies, and autobiographies as well as manuscripts from the Federal Writers' Project, 1936 to 1940. She discovered certain commonalties between the historical development of African-American grandmothers during slavery and their experience from the second half of the 19th century until today."
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Living Long and Well, 2008. This paper explains the role of senior centers in promoting a long and healthy life. 887 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 31.95 »
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Abstract The paper explains how vital it is for senior citizens to promote their physical and mental health. The paper discusses how senior centers can promote more optimistic attitudes about aging and can encourage the maintenance of physically beneficial practices like exercise and moderate diets. The paper stresses that living long and aging well is not simply knowing what to do, but having the psychological motivation and community support to do so.
From the Paper "The quest for the fountain of youth and longevity has existed since time immemorial. However, only recently have scientists and anthropologists derived more effective methods to empirically study what enables certain people to live longer than others. A recent study of men over the ago of ninety, according to The New York Times, suggests that the secrets of living longer may simply be due to very simple good health practices. "Living past ninety, and living well, may be more than a matter of good genes and good luck. Five behaviors in elderly men are associated not only with living into extreme old age, a new study has found, but also with good health and independent functioning.""
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A Personal Journey: Aging, 2008. A personal reflection of the positive and negative aspects of the writer's own aging process. 1,237 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 42.95 »
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Abstract This paper presents a personal reflection on the aging process - particularly of being a woman, especially a forty-eight-year-old woman in America today. It begins by listing the positive and negative aspects of aging and then provides a personal reflection on the process. The paper describes the impact of Christianity in the writer's acceptance of her own aging.
Table of Contents:
Good Things About Aging
Bad Things About Aging
Reflections On My Personal Aging Process
From the Paper "One of the reasons I think that I have been able to tolerate aging so well, psychologically, somewhat in contrast to other members of my culture, is because of my strong Christian faith. Christianity tends to focus on spiritual refreshment and renewal from within, rather than seeking solutions from without. I have always had an awareness that 'the body dies, eventually' but the soul is eternal. In God's eyes, I have always believed, we are all young when compared with the age of the earth and eternity, and also, somehow, all old because death comes very soon on the mortal plane, while from the perspective of the divine, what is really important and lasting is attached to the soul. What is most important to me is what I am learning on earth, here, not what I look like in terms of my body. That is why when I see young people making the same mistakes I made when I was in my teens, twenties, and thirties, and know I won't have to make those mistakes again, the feeling is relief, as well as a sense of pride in my strong sense of self and the personal and financial independence I have gained that I did not have when I was younger. I have also lost many of the hang-ups I did have when I was younger, because I know that according to my culture, now I will never be 'the ideal,' in terms of beauty, so I can accept my appearance and even see that for younger women, the dominant beauty standard is highly unrealistic."
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Ageism, 2008. A look at the definition of ageism and who suffers from it. 1,485 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 49.95 »
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Abstract This paper contends that ageism is a mental construct--a way of thinking about age that affects almost everybody because ageist beliefs and prejudices are so widespread in American society. It looks at how negative stereotypes and beliefs about older people form the basis of ageism, and how there are several theories about why these ageist attitudes develop.
From the Paper "The importance of avoiding signs of age is underlined by the fact that youthfulness is a major incentive to sell products; thus, all of us are surrounded every day on all sides with media messages about the need to stay young. To make matters worse for the older person, Elwood (1972) points out that hiding old age is difficult (and at some point, impossible). Canes, hearing aids, and walkers as well as sagging, wrinkled skin, make old people very visible, and many younger people view these signs of advanced age with repugnance. It is probably fair to say, however, that no matter how old they look, people do not lose their feelings or become less sensitive to rejection, insults, and hurtful attitudes toward age. "
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Aging in Modern Society, 2008. This paper looks at the consequences of aging in current times, especially considering an ever increasing life expectancy age. 1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 57.95 »
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Abstract Although much earlier in the history of humans, the age of 50 was once considered old. That statistic has changed significantly over the last two centuries due to greatly improved living conditions, nutrition and disease control. Population projections in the United States indicate the percentage of the population over 65 will continue to increase through the first quarter of the 21st century. A preliminary report from the website of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, based on U.S. statistics for 2005, places national life expectancy at 78 years, a figure that has been increasing steadily. This is much different than the life expectancy in 1800 of only 36. Considering these facts, this paper describes an interview with a 70-year-old neighbor and tries to offer insight into what it is like physically, cognitively and socially during this age.
From the Paper "So far, her problems with eyesight and hearing have been minor. She has had to wear bifocals since she was 60, but passed her hearing test and does not yet need any kind of hearing aid like her husband. However, the soreness in her legs and arms from fibromyalgia is becoming worse, and she finds it more difficult to do streneous things. She also has seen a difference in her ability to do things in the last five years and knows that changes are coming faster now in her physical and mental abilities. She realizes that this could be from not exercising enough. She and her husband take a couple of 20-minute walks each week, but this is not enough. Mrs. Freeman knows that this is wrong, since the older she gets, the more difficult it has been to exercise. She tried joining the senior workout sessions, but could not motivate herself to go to the center every morning. She gets frustrated because she does not like her extra weight, but not frustrated enough to encourage her to do something more strenuous on a regular basis."
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Prescription Drugs for the Elderly, 2008. This paper looks at the impact of legislation regarding prescription drugs for the elderly in the United States. 876 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 31.95 »
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Abstract In this article, the writer notes that in an effort to improve access to prescription drug coverage for the elderly, President Bush passed an amendment to Medicare that would provide seniors with some financial relief from the skyrocketing costs of their medications. Although this legislation was aimed at improving health outcomes for seniors--ensuring that they would not have to sacrifice basic necessities such as food and electricity to afford their medications--the outcomes of this change do not appear to be having a positive impact in this particular area. Using this as a basis for investigation, this essay considers prescription drug coverage for the elderly, its impact on overall health and the problems that have been created as a result of the new legislation providing seniors with prescription drug coverage.
Outline:
Introduction
Review of the Issue
Analysis of the Issue
From the Paper "Synthesizing all of the data provided in this investigation, it becomes evident that while a some effort has been made to improve outcomes for seniors and improve their access to prescription drugs, the current program creates considerable gaps in accessing prescription drugs for seniors. For middle class seniors making more than 150 percent of the federal poverty limits, access to prescription drugs does not appear to be significantly improved. Seniors are still being asked to provide considerable out-of-pocket support that continues to create disparities in accessing perception drugs. As the number of baby boomers reaching the age of retirement increases-retirees will soon comprise almost one third of the population-improving access to prescription drugs appears to have significant ramifications for public health and the overall health care system."
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Elder Abuse Among Ethnic Groups, 2008. This paper explores the relationship between ethnicity and elder abuse. 1,461 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 48.95 »
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Abstract The paper provides a definition of elder abuse and describes the different types of abuse that occurs. The paper also looks at various studies and discusses how, although there are certain cultural and ethnic patterns that can affect rates of elder abuse, a better understanding is needed of the correlation between elder abuse and societal, cultural and ethnic aspects.
From the Paper "The sensitive issue of elder abuse in terms of racial and ethic groupings is a complex and problematic area of research and one which has led to much debate and conjecture. This ethnic and cultural aspect to the issue is also compounded by the already complex nature of the problem of elderly abuse in the first place. As one study points out, "... the abuse of older people was often hidden, ignored and had a significantly lower profile than abuse of children.' (Manthorpe et al. 2004) This aspect is further problematized by the often-reiterated fact that in many countries there is no standard definition of elderly abuse or what in fact constitutes this form of abuse and there is very often no legal status attached to its occurrence. These aspects are exacerbated by the various social and cultural norms that are related to the way that the elderly are perceived and treated in a given society."
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