| Papers [115-133] of 485 :: [Page 7 of 26] | | Go to page : <— 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 —> | |
|
|
Language Learning Anxiety, 2007.
A comparison of learning achievement and anxiety between native and non-native teachers' students.
3,894 words (approx. 15.6 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 106.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper aims to establish the presence of language learning anxiety among students and to identify the factors leading to the development of students' language learning anxiety. It then discusses the factors comprising language learning achievement. The paper compares language learning achievement between students of native and non-native ESL teachers and the level of language learning anxiety between students of native and non-native ESL teachers.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Limitation of the Study
Definition of Terms
Review of Related Literature
Methodology
From the Paper
"From McDonald's study, it was established that culture is vital in understanding the true dynamics of language learning, as well as the possible roots of anxiety. However, another important factor that must be delved into is the role that teacher type plays in motivating and changing feelings of anxiety among students of ESL. From Nero's (2005) study on the characteristics and skills of ESL teachers, it was discovered that differences in achievement, aptitude, and anxiety was not dependent on teacher type (native or nonnative), but actually on the techniques and skills that teachers utilize in their everyday teaching of ESL (203)."
| |
|
Mental Health and Language, 2007.
This paper discusses how language differences can affect counselling and treatment.
4,808 words (approx. 19.2 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 123.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
In this article, the writer examines how the under-utilization of mental health services by Hispanics has been a growing concern in research and clinical practice. The writer notes that language differences may be perhaps the most important stumbling block to the effective counseling and assessment of this population. The writer looks carefully at this issue and determines how much treatment is affected and whether there is anything that can to done to help Hispanics get better mental health treatment, even if they cannot speak English, or cannot speak it well. The writer points out that when clients and their therapists cannot communicate in the same language, they can often misunderstand each other, and this makes it very difficult to interact and provide what is needed by the therapeutic relationship. Further the writer highlights that since this is the case, mental health services are very under-utilized by the Hispanic population, and this issue must be addressed if this population is to be helped.
From the Paper
"The interaction between therapists and their patients has long been a subject of study. Usually, these studies relate to Caucasian therapists and how their Caucasian clients respond to them. It seems as though there is the greater amount of Caucasian people in the therapy profession, and therefore the relationship between Caucasian therapists and Caucasian patients is easier to study. While it is true that there are many Caucasian therapists, there are also many therapists out there with a different ethnic background. Some are African-American, as well as Native American, Asian, Hispanic, and other nationalities. There are also many patients with a different ethnic background, and many of these individuals do not speak English, or do not speak it well enough to really communicate their thoughts and feelings in a therapeutic setting. While Hispanics are the main focus here, others will also be mentioned briefly, to shed some light on how large the actual problem is."
|
| Term Paper # 91170 |
temporarily unavailable
|
|
|
|
Writing Acquisition, 2006.
The paper discusses the importance of written exercises as part of a more comprehensive and diversified approach to teaching English as a second language in the classroom.
750 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses the relevance of various writing exercises to the student's mastery of English as a second language (ESL) and argues in favor of more writing activities within ESL classrooms. The paper argues that written exercises are a vital component of the language acquisition process. For ESL students, or any other student attempting to learn another language, to fully embrace the language and adopt comprehensible and meaningful communication strategies they must routinely incorporate written exercises into daily instruction. Students who combine written exercises with reading comprehension and oral civilities are far more likely to acquire successful language acquisition than those who focus on one method or another.
From the Paper
"Incorporation of various writing exercises is vital toward promoting adequate language acquisition for students learning English as a second language. Writing exercises help students learn how to initiate and create comprehensible communication, and help close the gap between oral, verbal and written communication. Students who do not engage in consistent written exercises are less likely to master English as a language than students who consistently engage in written exercises inside of and outside the classroom. This paper will discuss the relevance of various writing exercises to student's mastery of English as a second language and argue in favor of more writing activities within ESL classrooms."
| |
|
Polish Syntax, 2006.
This paper discusses the Polish language and provides an introduction to the syntax of Polish.
3,020 words (approx. 12.1 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 88.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
In this article, the writer looks at the Polish language which like other Slavic languages, represents an inflecting, or fusion type of language, in which single grammatical morphemes combine several functions: case, gender, and number in noun forms; person and number in verb forms. The writer claims that the Polish grammatical system closely parallels that of Russian.
Contents:
Introduction
Syntax in Polish Literature
Consider the Following Polish Examples (Giejgo 1981)
The Study and Results
Works Cited
From the Paper
"Because Polish retains a rich inflectional system, morphology is the main device for expressing syntactic distinctions. Word order has grammatical functions only to a limited extent, and hence it can serve other purposes, namely, it performs pragmatic functions. Deviations from the standard (unmarked) SVO order serve the purposes of topicalization; and combined with focal stress, word order expresses special emphasis on certain elements, in a way independent from discourse structure. Furthermore, the rich inflectional system makes it possible to apply ellipsis to a much larger extent than in English. Passive participles are used in passive voice constructions. In spoken language, however, these have a limited range of use, as word order flexibility is sufficient for expressing focus, and a number of subjectless active constructions can be used for subject downgrading. Those occurring in spoken language typically involve perfective participles, used in order to refer to a resulting end state of some action, performed by an unspecified agent which is either unknown or evident or simply irrelevant. These cannot be called truncated passives, as full passives are practically never used. They are rather a subclass of attributive sentences making statements about objects."
| |
|
Acquisition of Japanese Case Particles, 2005.
This paper is a complete research project to explore the acquisition of Japanese case particles by English speaking learners.
20,285 words (approx. 81.1 pages), 30 sources, APA, $ 249.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper explains that Japanese case particles, which are morphological markers that indicate the relation of the noun phrase to the predicate, are crucial factor for both comprehension and production of the language; however, it is a very difficult area for adult learners to master. The author points out that the subjects for this qualitative study were selected at random from students whose native language is English and who were currently taking a third semester of a formally instructed Japanese course. The paper recommends instructional techniques based on the findings such as the use of diagnostic tests for recognizing the natures of learners' confusion and creating productive lessons to clarify the confusion. Many charts, tables and graphs.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Background
Difference and Difficulty
Literature Review
Definitions of Japanese Case
Research on Acquiring Case Particles by Adult English Speakers
Verbal Protocol: An Effective Mean of Obtaining Valuable Information
Research Questions
Methodology
Research Design
Subjects
Test Survey
Data Collection
Data Analysis
Findings
The First Question: Why are Some Particles Troublesome?
Second Question: Does Subjects' Confidence Reflect the Accuracy in Use of The Particles?
Third Question: How do the Subjects Determine Which Particle to Use?
Discussion
Pedagogical Implication
Teach schema: What Goes with the Particle
Diagnostic Test: To Know What They Don't Know
Provide Meta-Linguistic Instruction: Teach Semantic Role of Particles
Make the Lesson Memorable
Conclusion
From the Paper
"An interesting fact is that the other two problems with 100% accuracy have somewhat similar properties as well. The verb, imasu 'to exist,' is also a stative verb, which is means existential. The adjective, daisuki desu 'to be favorite,' is usually translated into English as "I like something." This verb and adjective also take a semantic object accompanied by the subject marker ga. However, in these questions, subjects had no confusion over use of o and ga. It turned out that the first two uses of ga are very familiar ones to the subjects, and they seem to have almost memorized the combination. This fact will be illustrated and discussed in a later section."
| |
|
Gratitude in Poetry, 2006.
An examination of the meaning of gratitude in poetry.
924 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
In this paper the author reviews the gratitude expressed in D.H. Lawrence's poem "Piano", Anne Bradstreet's poem "To My Dear and Loving Husband," and Toni Morrison's writing "Nobel Prize Speech." He highlights how the dictionary definition of gratitude as meaning thankfulness is not enough to justify the depth of the word. But, in poetry the word gratitude, becomes much more. The author describes how, in each poem the gratitude expressed can relate to the whole story and life of a person. One of the examples he gives is D.H. Lawrence's poem "Piano", which he describes as a nostalgic view of the gratitude Lawrence has for his mother's relationship. The author also relates to the other poems and their more deep meaning of gratitude which is expressed. In conclusion he reiterates that the dictionary meaning of gratitude is not enough, especially in poetry, as there is much more to the word.
From the Paper
"At first glance, Bradstreet's poem looks only like a love song; it does not outwardly thank anybody. However, a closer reading reveals not only its theme of gratitude, but also the notion that viewing the poem under the guise of its first appearance oversimplifies the poem and hides its complexity. Indeed, "To My Dear and Loving Husband" is written in rhymed couplets and is a mere 12 lines long. Nevertheless, it is clearly an illustration of the Puritan belief that wealth is a measurement of blessing (Ryken 20). Specifically, Bradstreet says, "Love is greater "than whole mines of gold/ Or all the riches that the East doth hold" (lines 5-6), thereby acknowledging that her greatest wealth is love."
| |
|
Australian Literacy, 2006.
An analysis of children's literacy issues in Australia.
3,000 words (approx. 12.0 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 88.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses literacy issues for children living in Australia. The paper begins by examining the many differing conceptions of how to define literacy and exactly which elements constitute the amorphous area of literacy. Then, the paper looks at the varying types of literacy teaching in schools. The paper also discusses the intense scrutiny that the subject of childhood literacy is coming under in Australia. Reports of declining literacy levels led to a perception of a "literacy crisis", which has prompted government officials to take action. This paper also explores those steps.
From the Paper
"The importance of spoken language should not be underestimated in the acquisition of literacy. Obviously, the need for literacy will not be relevant to societies where there is no written form of their language, therefore the following discussion will be limited to societies with written forms of their language thus leading to expectations of literacy. Whilst spoken and written language are interrelated, there are also differences between them. The first difference is that spoken language predates written language in history (Stubbs, 1980, p.25). Naturally, it is not possible to make an assertion as to the time differential, however it is logical to state that people have always needed to be able to orally communicate."
| |
|
"The Good Woman of Bangkok", 2006.
This paper reviews and analyzes the semiotic references in Dennis O'Rourke's 1991 film "The Good Woman of Bangkok."
1,734 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines the semiotic references that are found in Dennis O'Rourke's film "The Good Woman of Bangkok." The writer defines semiotics as being primarily concerned with how meaning is generated and conveyed and explains how the director used this form of communication to confuse his audience. The film, which is reviewed in this paper, discusses the prostitution industry in Bangkok and the director's goal to find the bond between the banality and the aesthetics of love. The writer also explores the semiotic codes used to define the signifier/signified relationship between prostitution and its meanings which are initially the typical codes of contemporary culture.
From the Paper
"Of course the code that these men use to interpret themselves and their own behavior is of a mostly deceptive nature. It could be argued that the filmmaker uses his own interpretive code in the same manner to deceive himself. Some argue that the true reason for the film was to indulge in gratutous sex only to justify oneself afterwards. The rice farm is seen as a reward, or a payment, for Aoi to provide her services as a prostitute."
| |
|
English in the EU and UK, 2006.
A discussion whether English should be the lingua franca in the European Union. The papers also discusses the effect that globalization has had upon England and its language policies as well.
1,963 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The writer explains that in the European Union, all languages from member countries are to be given the same status. In practice, many documents are only translated into English and French as translating into all the member country's languages is too complicated. The paper explains that some feel that English should become the language of the EU, despite its policy to the contrary. The writer shows that some feel that English should be used in the EU as a common language, and not as a political stance. The paper goes on to discuss the effects of immigration, emigration and tourism to the UK, and how this has affected English in the UK. The writer explains that as policies of equality and human rights take precedence, foreign languages are being used more widely in education, where once, all education was only in English. The paper explains a recent language policy to use English as the sole language for education, in order to give all children in the UK an equal chance at making the best of their learning experience. In conclusion, while a lingua franca serves to overcome many obstacles, this should be balanced by a recognition of diversity in both the English language itself and in terms of different languages within the UK.
From the Paper
"However, there has recently been a greater emphasis on language diversity within the UK. As policies of human rights and equality take precedence, foreign languages enjoy more attention in schools. Since globalization and travel are greater realities today, it is possible to have a Dutch mother, a Spanish father, and be fluent in English, Spanish and Dutch. Some countries, including the UK, have begun to acknowledge this to a certain degree. It is also interesting to note the linguistic diversity locally within the UK. The United Kingdom is internally much more diverse than the general perception gives it credit for. There are many languages and cultures within this country. These include the Welsh, Scottish and Irish traditions, which remain cultures within themselves, despite the fact that English is perceived to be the dominant language within the United Kingdom. Bourne (Eggington & Wren, 1997:51) [2] notes that the modern United Kingdom has 500 000 Welsh speakers and at least 80 000 Scottish Gaelic speakers within its borders. A small number of Northern Ireland schools also still teach Irish Gaelic. Currently more than five percent of the total population in British schools is bilingual. The history of the UK is similarly colorful. Welsh, English, Latin, French and Flemish were used in Wales during the Middle Ages, while children with home languages such as Polish, Ukrainian, Chinese, Yiddish and French, among others, frequented British schools during the nineteenth century. Current language surveys reveal over 170 languages spoken in London schools, of which Bengali features the greatest number of speakers."
| |
|
Literal and Metaphorical Death in Literature, 2006.
This paper discusses and compares the theme of death in Henrik Ibsen's "A Doll's House" and James Joyce's "The Dead."
1,295 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 43.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper analyzes the primary elements representing literal and metaphorical death as invoked by the characters in Ibsen's "A Doll's House" and Joyce's "The Dead." The writer of this paper examines the metaphorical embodiments of death that are heavily present in Ibsen's novel while evaluating the symbolism in regards to death in Joyce's work which is related to primary and secondary characters.
From the Paper
"Perhaps the effect that the uncovered secrets and glorified memories have upon the characters in both works is each author's way of expressing their beliefs that death, in an emotional sense, is based on choice. This of course is the polar opposite of physical death, which is the one thing human beings have no real control over."
| |
|
The Cultural Function of Proverbs and Jokes, 2006.
Explores how English proverbs, as well as jokes, disguise deep-seated cultural elements.
1,283 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 43.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
A paper looking at how proverbs and jokes in English, as well as other languages, can be a great source of cultural insights and historical knowledge not found in grammars or guidebooks.
From the Paper
"The proverb "You can lead a horse to water, but you can't make him drink" is exceedingly familiar to Americans, from schoolchildren to cosmopolitan sophisticates. The saying is so well known that writer Dorothy Parker, when challenged to create a witty saying using the word 'horticulture' ultimately quipped "You can lead a whore to culture, but you can't make her drink." This well-known anecdote proves the fact that the original proverb is deeply ingrained in the minds of American English speakers."
| |
|
"Politics and the English Language", 2006.
Examining the purpose of the essay "Politics and the English Language" by George Orwell.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 0 sources, $ 57.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines how Orwell offers his insights into the downfall of the English language in his essay. It explains how, through concise list-ridden examples, he presents clearly his reasons for believing so, succinctly bringing across his points to the reader. Orwell gives his fullest explanation of the inevitable influences of thought and language upon one another, as well as an understanding of why modern writers do what they do. He even goes so far as to offer a tutorial for aspiring writers. The author points out that most importantly, Orwell analyzes the corrupting influence of dishonest politics on the way we speak and think.
From the Paper
"Orwell believes in the traditional style of the English language and that there is a definite correlation between language and action. Orwell also thought that omitting slang and long words where short ones will do could cure proper English. It is everyone's moral responsibility to use the English language with clarity. Most important, people must earn the English language and learn to use it in the correct way. Many slang words have disappeared over the years due to most choosing not to use them. It is a conscious action to do this. One must always be aware of the words they use and that they use them with clarity."
| |
|
The Written Word, 2005.
Traces the history of the use of vernacular language in literature.
1,424 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The breakthrough that opened literature to the masses occurred in 1456 when Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press. This invention allowed publishers to produce literary manuscripts and documents at a much more massive scale and at cheaper prices. The paper shows that authors began to make their works more widely readable, utilizing a more common language. And so, the use of vernacular language in literature was born. The paper examines the history of vernacular use in written works, examining in particular the history of American literature.
From the Paper
"Vernacular tradition as employed in literature serves to give voice to a subset that may not have one. As discussed in Liberating Voices, Jones is quoted to say that the, "foundation of every literature tradition is oral, whether it is visible or invisible in the text". Jones goes on to explain that vernacular tradition is commonly utilized when an author of a misunderstood and often oppressed population is writing about his or her culture through the use of fictionalized examples. Of particular note is the African-American population."
| |
|
"Church", 2005.
Explores the etymology of the word "church".
1,927 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 61.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
Examines the source of the word "church" and how it evolved from Greek to modern English. It explores the usage of the word in modern day congregations. The paper also looks at present day arguments about the true meaning of the word "church".
From the Paper
"The Church is not a human organization, but a Divine-Human Organism. It is not a human corporation, but the Divine-human Body of Christ. The source of the Church is this God Himself. It is not men's invention, it is not a fruit, and result of men's social need, but it is the sole place of man's salvation. That is to say, the impression is created that men made the Church in order to be able to survive in such hard and tragic social conditions of life. Nevertheless, as we clarify before, the source of the Church is God Himself, and man's salvation takes place within it."
| |
|
Bilingual Education, 2005.
Reviews the article "Opposition to Bilingual Education: Prejudice or the Defense of Realistic Interests?" by L. Huddy and D.O. Sears.
755 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 26.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper argues that predicting the effect of bilingual education on student outcomes, using the work by Huddy and Sears ("Opposition to Bilingual Education: Prejudice or the Defense of Realistic Interests?") is problematical. The authors investigated the bases for parental prejudice against bilingual education but they did not investigate in any detail what the educational outcomes might be for the children involved. The paper shows that the authors made only incidental reference to the possibility that Latino, African-American or other minority students-or even Anglos-might experience diminished educational outcomes in the presence, or for that matter absence, of bilingual education. In fact, they were not investigating outcomes per se; they were investigating the source of prejudice.
From the Paper
"Huddy and Sears concluded that the deepest opposition to bilingual education resulted from perceived realistic interest. They found that both parents and non-parents who perceived that programs were in competition for limited resources for education were most likely to oppose bilingual education. In addition, they noted that those parents who believed bilingual education was not of benefit to their children also opposed it."
| |
|
Second Language Acquisition, 2006.
An overview of three methods that are utilized in second language research.
4,572 words (approx. 18.3 pages), 22 sources, MLA, $ 118.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
As the world has become increasingly more global, interests in second language acquisition has also increased. More specifically second language acquisition as it pertains to the second language classroom has become a focal point. This paper examines conversation analysis, stimulated recall and the "Think Aloud Method". It compares the different approaches to theory and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each system.
Outline
Introduction
Second Language Acquisition and Second Language Classrooms
Conversation Analysis
Analysis Utilizing Conversational Analysis
Advantages and Disadvantages of Conversation Analysis
Stimulated Recall Methodology
Utilizing the Stimulated Recall Method
Case Study Using Stimulated Recall
Advantages and Disadvantages
Think Aloud Method
Advantages and Disadvantages
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Although the stimulated recall method has been utilized quite often in second language research Gass and Mackey (2000) report that the method has been severely criticized throughout its history. According the authors the most problematic aspect of stimulated recall is whether or not the findings actually reflect the though processes of the participants. For instance the authors explain that the retrospective report compiled by the researcher "is directly accessible and available for verbal reporting. This assumption is better justified with only a small amount of intervening time between the event and the recall. "
| |
|
Immersion in Bilingual Education, 2005.
Examines the theory that immersion into a second language is a good method to acquire that language.
2,950 words (approx. 11.8 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 87.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The pros and cons of bilingual education continue as an argued debate across the United States. Unfortunately, much of the information on which people base their opinion is not correct. Numerous studies conducted over the past three decades show that bilingual education has been an effective educational tool. This paper shows that educators and other bilingual specialists are now also looking into other methodology, such as two-way or dual immersion, that can enhance the basic bilingual curriculum.
From the Paper
"Schools are finding that language development works both ways. Many Native American children, for example, have forgotten or have never known their original languages. So that the languages are not forgotten, kindergarten students learn everything from colors to numbers to animal names in Cherokee. Students are called by their native Indian names and speak in Cherokee for most of the day. These kindergartners are in the first Cherokee-immersion class in a U.S. public school. By teaching kids Cherokee and not just English, Lost City School in Oklahoma is working to help save a dying language."
| |
|
Motivation in SL Learning, 2005.
A literature review of the importance that motivation plays in second language learning.
1,545 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 18 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper presents a review of literature on the role of motivation in second or foreign language learning. It explains that motivation is divided into two basic types to integrate into the target language community. It shows how motivation is comprised of three primary elements: Efforts: Time invested in study of the language and learner drive; Desire: How much proficiency in the language is wanted by the learner; and Effect: Emotional response of the learner in relation to language study. It defines motivation as the learner's orientation with regard to the goal of learning a second language.
Abstract
Purpose
Literature Review
ESL Model
Linguistic and Non-Linguistic Outcomes
Summary & Conclusion
From the Paper
"Integrative motivation has been found in studies (Taylor, Meyunard and Theault, 1977; Ellis, 1997; Crookes et al 1991) to sustain long-terms success when learning a second language. Stated is that because motivation is a critical factors in L2achievement and for this very reasons identification of the type and combination of motivation that is key in the successful acquisition of a second language while simultaneously viewing motivation "as one of a number of variables in an intricate model of interrelated individual and situational factors which are unique to each language learner." (Norris-Holt, 2003)"
|
|
|