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Disaster Evacuation Plans, 2007.
An outline of evacuation plans for various sorts of disasters.
1,062 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper highlights the necessity of a well-organized evacuation plan in the case of natural or other sorts of disasters. Mass evacuations and the different situations in which they are necessary are described. The author stresses the importance of proper information dissemination during evacuation and sheltering the evacuees. The paper concludes with warnings about looting during emergencies and the need for appropriate law enforcement.
Outline:
Introduction
Evacuation Procedures
Reference List
From the Paper
" Mass evacuation normally happens when a major threat to a certain community, building or anyplace were majority of the people therein are at risk. There are different types of mass evacuation namely pre-event evacuation, post-event evacuation, voluntary evacuation and mandatory evacuation. A pre-event evacuation occurs 'when the level of risk is uncertain while post-evacuation occurs if it has been assessed that the situation has been contained. On the other hand, voluntary evacuation happens when the people themselves choose to move out of their place, with or without instructions from the outsiders. A mandatory evacuation occurs when a lead agency imposes the people to leave the area (Mass Evacuation, 2006). "
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Crimes vs Civil Wrongs, 2006.
A comparison between civil wrongs or torts, and crime.
1,291 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the issue of a civil wrong versus crime. According to the paper, a civil wrong is also referred to as a tort, which is covered by the tort law, a branch of civil law. The paper further reports that a crime is the violation of a public law and covered by criminal law.
From the Paper
"In the case of Bill and Joe, Bill's action fulfills all the four elements required to prove a criminal threat. If Bill became successful with his threat, he could have killed or severely injured Joe with the bat. His words conveyed his intent to kill Joe. The intent was clear and complete from his utterance. The threat was fatal. Second, Bill's utterance expressed a specific intent to kill Joe and that he meant Joe to receive it as such. Bill may or may not have been able to carry his threat out, but his intent was clear and complete from his very statement. Third, the context and circumstances in which Bill made the threatening statement also convey the same fatal intent. Bill had been giving Joe a hard time about the latter's tardiness for several days. Bill could have taken suspected that Joe intentionally retaliated when Joe accidentally hit him with a ball. And fourth, the verbalized threat was unmistakably clear, unconditional, immediate and specific. The words were precise and to the point. They sounded immediate, as Bill already held the bat in his hand and charged at Joe. The threat of death or grave bodily hard was specific upon Joe. Bill's clear words and the act of charging Joe and with the bat in hand also presented the factor of immediacy. The weapon was present and visible and accompanied the verbal threat. Bill need or need not demonstrate the immediate ability to carry out his threat. But the words he used were of an immediately threatening nature and conveyed the immediate performance of the fatal or serious threat. Bill's verbal threat and act of charging Joe with a bat were enough to evoke sustained fear in Joe. The conditions were enough to prove a criminal threat against Bill."
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Money Laundering, 2007.
An in-depth analysis of the war against money laundering.
3,310 words (approx. 13.2 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 94.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that money laundering is the process by which criminals attempt to conceal the proceeds from their illegal activities to make them appear legitimate. The paper provides a review of the relevant peer-reviewed and scholarly literature to identify what money laundering is, what controlling legislation exists and what types of investigatory processes are used to uncover it. The paper provides an analysis of how cases are built against money launderers and concludes that relevant laws are starting to have some effect.
Outline:
Review and Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The same forces that have been driving the globalization process have also made it easier for criminals to transfer enormous sums of money from one financial institution to another until it becomes "clean" in a process known as money laundering. Furthermore, an increasing number of observers are cautioning that terrorist organizations are using money laundering techniques to avoid international sanctions on their assets, and to help finance their nefarious plots against the United States and its interests abroad. Even if the proceeds of money laundering are not used by terrorists groups, the criminal elements involved are avoiding paying taxes on their ill-gotten gains in whatever jurisdictions are involved, and the practice appears to be on the increase in spite of numerous laws designed to combat the problem."
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Money Laundering and Terrorist Funding, 2006.
A review of the efforts of the HSBC Bank USA to prevent money laundering and terrorist funding.
7,162 words (approx. 28.6 pages), 15 sources, APA, $ 159.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how, in an effort to combat the risk of criminal and terrorist activity, the federal government of the United States has charged banking institutions with protecting, monitoring, and reporting financial activity that may aid terrorists and criminals. According to the paper, the HSBC Bank USA takes this charge very seriously due to its own risk and a sense of social responsibility. This paper reviews how HSBC Bank USA strives for compliance within the legal framework set forth by the United States Patriot Act and Bank Security Act.
Table of Contents:
Executive Summary
Mission and Value Statement
Problem Statement
Chapter 1. The Risk of Money Laundering and Terrorist Funding in the Banking Industry
Chapter 2. Legal Requirements and HSBC Compliance
Chapter 3. Technology Issues
Chapter 4. HSBC Operations and Internal Management
Chapter 5. Impending Developments and Future Challenges
Hypothesis
Conclusion
From the Paper
"With payment filtering in place, false positives are an unfortunate inevitability. Coping with false positives--the blocking of transactions that are in fact legal customer activity--is a frustrating corporate matter for banks. Despite every care to prevent inconvenience to banking patrons, HSBC payment filters are likely to block payments where beneficiary names are similar to those on watch lists. This creates issues for management within HSBC, as additional personnel must be available to identify false positives and, where necessary, manually reverse payment rejections. Allocating addition funding for support staff and technology advances can aid in reducing false positives. Seeking out the best technology available and supporting industry-wide pushes for more research may also contribute to better advances and progress. "
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Internet Vulnerability, 2007.
An analysis of the possible risk for consumers in terms of the loss of their personal identity and privacy and their exposure to fraud when using the Internet.
1,199 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the vulnerability of citizens and consumers in terms of Internet transactions. It examines both criminal activities, as well as legitimate yet privacy-endangering activities that occur through the Internet. In addition, the paper discusses ways in which consumers can protect themselves against such activities. It suggests ways that consumers can avoid the possible problems related to Internet communications.
From the Paper
"While the Internet has certainly made lives more convenient, communications faster, and information more readily accessible, there is a price to pay for these conveniences. As Howard Rheingold points out in "Disinformocracy," consumers need to look closely at technology, and examine not only how advancements such as the Internet can improve lives, but also the risks associated with that improvement (Rheingold, 188). Once risks are identified, such as the risk of responding to emails, online transactions, online communication, and web surfing, consumers need to protect themselves by performing a few simple, quick steps to keep both their own computers and their information stored online secure. While the Internet certainly introduces several privacy and identity theft issues, informed consumers can protect themselves against such losses, and the Internet can remain a safe, protected, vital piece of technology in the modern world."
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Juvenile Delinquency, 2007.
An analysis of the factors contributing to juvenile delinquency in the United States and possible solutions to the problem.
3,593 words (approx. 14.4 pages), 27 sources, MLA, $ 100.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the issues of juvenile delinquency in the United States and suggests that there are various surveys and reports that show clearly that the number of juvenile offenders is increasing. The paper discusses the possible reasons for this increase, as well as its implications. It then discusses environmental, social and cultural issues related to juvenile delinquency. Finally, the paper concludes with solutions and preventative measures for the problem.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
What is Delinquency
The Importance of this Topic
General Causes and Conditions of Juvenile Delinquency
Environmental, Social and Cultural Issues
Solutions and Preventative Measures
The Role of Social Work in Juvenile Delinquency
Summary and conclusion
From the Paper
"The issue of juvenile delinquency is a problem that is related to a wide complex of sociological, cultural, economic and psychological issues. There are many variables within society that impact on the development and the effects of delinquent behavior. The research on this subject reveals that among these various factors, the influence of peers and the family on the early development in children are of primary importance. Neither can one discount important factors such as economic conditions and environment as major aspects in the development of juvenile delinquency."
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Legalization of Drugs, 2007.
This paper examines the pros and cons of legalizing illicit drugs.
2,473 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 75.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the topic of drug legalization that is a heatedly contested debate. The paper discusses how those in favor of the liegalization of illicit drugs feel that drug laws have not significantly reduced the demand for drugs, but have only served to make the drug problem worse. They show how the illegal status of drugs has encouraged corruption among law enforcement and politicians. The paper also brings the arguments of those opposed to legalizing drugs who argue that it would cause increased drug use and crimes and would be a drain on the American economy.
Outline:
Introduction
Pros of Illicit Drug Legalization
Cons of Illicit Drug Legalization
From the Paper
"Proponents of drug legalization most often begin their debate with the statement that America's drug laws, as they currently stand, are ineffective. Programs such as "Just Say No" and "Zero Tolerance" have been unsuccessful (Linn, Yager & Leake). America, although fighting tenaciously, is losing the War on Drugs, and in fact, current drug policies have actually made the problem worse. A drug free America is simply unrealistic (Eldredge & McCollum). For this reason, they surmise that changes need to be made, and the legalization of the drugs being fought against currently, is one such advocated change, accentuated with the premise that in a truly free society, the government should not be able to regulate what drugs a person can or cannot take (Levinson; Messerli)."
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Women in Prison, 2007.
An examination of the prison system for women.
972 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an examination of women in prison. The writer explores the history of the prison system, highlighting the historical aspects of women within the system. The author concludes that prisons with a female population are working toward a rehabilitative atmosphere more than a punitive atmosphere and only time will tell how successful such institutions will become.
From the Paper
"For the most part society had less respect for female inmates and criminals than it did its male inmates and criminals according to records that were kept at various prisons around the country. The first Illinois female prisoner in the state system was in 1835,. Her name was Sally Jefferson and she was sentenced for arson. She was pardoned within six weeks however her stay alerted officials of a coming trend, women in prison."
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The Son of Sam, 2007.
This paper discusses the murderer David Berkowitz, know as the Son of Sam, and the crimes that made him famous.
1,520 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that David Berkowitz, who, during the 1970s in New York, murdered six innocent people and severely injured many other victims, experienced a troubled childhood and early adult life. The author points out that, at his recent parole hearing in 2002, he sent a letter to the Governor stating that he did not wish to have parole granted because he did not deserve to spend a single day free after the pain and suffering he had caused many families during what he says now was the work of the devil. The paper relates that the Son of Sam Law was enacted to prevent any future violent offenders from profiting after they commit such heinous crimes.
From the Paper
"Even as a small child Berkowitz was not a social person. He preferred to stay to himself and, as he grew older, he was physically much larger than other children his age, which he later reported made him significantly uncomfortable. He became a bully and spent much of his childhood picking on other children and taking their money from them. He was called hyperactive, which was the term used for ADHD in those days, and he was prone to have violent outbursts with little or no warning."
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Restorative Justice, 2006.
A review and discussion regarding restorative justice.
1,346 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews and discusses the concept of restorative justice. According to the paper, restorative justice is an approach towards providing justice that concentrates on removing harm caused by an action, holding the offender responsible for the personal action, and providing the victims with an opportunity to identify the crime and criminal.
Outline:
Introduction
Restorative System and Mainstream Judicial Laws
Restorative System: Fundamentals
Restorative System: Serving Society Better
Conclusion
From the Paper
"There are certain clauses in the Restorative law that recognizes the need to adopt different and partially tougher course of action if the offender is not found cooperative. However the law demands that the course of action should be experimented, and evaluated on the grounds that if they are reasonable, restorative, and respectful. The offenders should comply by the standards of safety, values, ethics, responsibility, accountability and civility. The offenders should be exposed to the same nature of crime experienced by the victims, and should be provided with the chance of learning empathy. Such an offender should be provided with opportunities to be productive member of society. The participation of the offender into social and community affairs should be well received and acknowledged. The offender should be equipped with the values and fundamentals required to be productive member of the society."
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Alternative Interrogation Methods, 2007.
This paper discusses matters relating to alternative interrogation methods and techniques.
923 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that with the strikes on America on September 11th, America changed. The writer points out that no longer were the borders of one of the strongest countries in the world effective barriers against terrorism. The writer discusses that, as in any war, interrogation becomes a primary means of information gathering. For this reason the writer maintains that the issue of the use of alternative interrogation techniques has risen to the forefront of the American debate. The writer then looks at whether coercive techniques can be considered as torture. The writer concludes that if one person standing on a box, who is never in any real danger of being harmed, or one person who is forced to go without sleep, gave information that would prevent a second September 11th from occurring, than the use of these interrogation techniques would be worth it.
From the Paper
"It is difficult to determine what involvement President Bush's administration had prior to passing of legislation such as the Military Commissions Act. President Bush has insisted that the interrogators themselves requested the tough alternative interrogation techniques. Yet, others insist that documents show that instead these coercive techniques were forced on the interrogators. One thing is certain, the Abu Gharib scandal has caused the general public to question just what techniques are being used during interrogation, and at what point does alternative morph into torture?"
"Abu Gharib prison is, perhaps, one of the most notorious recent military scandals brought to the American public's attention. With debate over America's presence in Iraq in full force, the accounts of abuse and torture coming from the prison in 2003 were perfect fuel for the fire. An internal investigation conducted in 2004, and later exposure in the American media, found American military personnel abusing prisoners, severely damaging the credibility of America's presence in Iraq, both at home and abroad. Although the Bush administration noted that these acts were isolated acts of individuals, others noted that these actions were condoned by the military as forms of alternative interrogation."
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Drunk Driving, 2007.
This paper argues that drunk driving must be addressed from a sociological and legal standpoint.
2,217 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the issues of drunk driving as well as the impact law enforcement has had on its reduction. The paper argues that drunk driving is more of a social issue than a legal issue and that education must be combined with law enforcement to make a difference. The paper contends that the legal system has the ability to mandate treatment and perhaps save the drunk driver as well as those he would have encountered on the road.
Outline:
Introduction
Field Sobriety Tests
Problems
Solutions
International
Conclusion
From the Paper
"John's law is one of many examples when societal responsibility meets legislation and works together to reduce the incidence of driving while impaired. If America is ever going to reduce the fatalities and injuries caused by drunk driving it will have to realize that it is a social as well as a legal issue and combine educational programs with punitive actions to stop drivers from drinking and driving(Mejeur, 2003)."
"New Jersey as well as eight other states have enacted laws that allow them to hold drunk drivers until their blood alcohol levels are below the state's legal limit. While this helps prevent an immediate accident from occurring the root of the problem is still there and should be handled from a societal standpoint."
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Refusal to Hire Ex-Offenders, 2006.
A discussion regarding the issue of businesses refusing to hire ex-offenders.
1,673 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the issue of refusing to hire based on criminal background checks. The paper examines various related issues, such as what types of positions usually cannot be held by someone with a criminal background and state and federal laws regarding hiring or refusal to hire based on criminal background checks. The paper focuses primarily on Maryland.
Outline:
Introduction
What About The Ex-Offenders Rights?
Maryland
For Instance
Federal Law
Overall
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Other states have attempted to strike a balance between the employer concerns and the ex offenders rights to live a free and productive life once they have paid their debt to society. In some states, including New York employers are required by law to consider various elements such as age, time passed and the circumstances of the offense in deciding whether or not to hire an ex offender."
"In a recent research report the conclusion was that Maryland employers consistently deny employment across the board to anyone with any criminal background including arrests that did not garner convictions. The report recommends that Maryland legislators adopt laws that will prohibit such broad brushed discrimination."
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Exclusionary Rule, 2007.
Description of exclusionary laws in the US Constitution which forbid certain types of evidence to be presented in court.
3,329 words (approx. 13.3 pages), 21 sources, APA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the role of the exclusionary rule in the US legal system. The writer first defines exclusionary rules as a set of guidelines which dictate that evidence and or admissions of guilt obtained illegally will be excluded from being heard in criminal trials. Next, historical controversies involving this set of rules are discussed. Also examined is the manner in which law enforcement is affected by the exclusionary rule. The author also considers the need to seek a balance between collecting evidence yet protecting the individual's Constitutional rights. Finally, the author proposes changes for the exclusionary rule, which may include compensation when rights are violated.
Outline
Introduction
Controversy and History of the Exclusionary Rule
Law Enforcement Effects
Protecting Good Faith Exemptions
Is it Time for Change?
References
From the Paper
"The exclusionary law or laws, more appropriately, then go on to provide a set of rules that dictate that evidence and or admissions of guilt obtained illegally will be excluded from being heard in criminal trials. What this quite often amounts to is that criminals who are guilty can go free, if the evidence needed to convict them is tainted in some manner, having been acquired illegally, with certain exceptions, though many argue the exceptions and rules are unclear and are in constant need of redress by the courts. (Chun 2000:799) (Holland 2000:1107)"
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Criminal Psychopathology, 2007.
Describes the methods and uses of criminal psychopathology in locating perpetrators of crimes.
2,056 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the elements and uses of criminal psychopathology in developing profiles to locate perpetrators of crimes. The author presents appropriate terminology and definitions throughout the paper. Two different types of criminals and their personality traits are examined. The paper further evaluates different methods of developing criminal profiles. The author concludes by calling for more research in this area, with special reference to the role of mental health professionals.
From the Paper
"The first approach in criminal profiling, diagnostic evaluation, adapts a psychotherapeutic theory on crime by the individual investigators (Muller 2000). This approach relies mainly on clinical judgment and the investigators' individual assumptions and assessment. The second approach, crime scene analysis, or CSA, was developed by the Behavioral Science Unit of the American Federal Bureau of Investigation or FBI. And the third, called investigative psychology, was evolved by British environmental psychologist, David Canter. The CSA is mostly applicable to serial murderers. Recently, the FBI broadly categorized offenders into disorganized and organized (Muller)."
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The Use of Tasers, 2007.
An argument against the use of Taser stun-guns by law enforcement agencies.
1,567 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that the main argument in favor of Tasers is that it is a non-lethal replacement for firearms and impact weapons such as batons and, hence, a more humane alternative for controlling violent individuals. The paper argues, however, that law enforcement agencies readily allow the use of Tasers in situations that would not even justify the use of batons or other impact weapons. The paper also asserts that Tasers cause severe pain and their touch stun function is designed to cause pain and debilitation. The paper claims there are an increasing number of deaths caused by the use of Tasers and contends that unchecked and increasing use of Tasers in law enforcement needs a serious review.
Outline:
Replacement of Lethal Weapons or a Routine Force Option?
Overuse
Causes Severe Pain
Stun Function Mode
Lethal Weapon
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The use of Tasers , dart-firing weapons designed to cause instant immobility by delivering a high voltage shock, has gained widespread use in recent times among the law enforcement agencies, particularly in the USA. Its supporters claim that they are a safer, non-lethal alternative to many conventional weapons in controlling dangerous or combative individuals and have resulted in bringing down the injuries to police officers and suspects since their introduction. A closer look at the pro-taser arguments, the use of the weapon by the law enforcers, and its effects, however, gives a contrary picture."
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Ted Bundy: A Lost Resource, 2007.
A discussion on how Ted Bundy's life story could have provided a fascinating and valuable resource for criminal and psychological studies today if he had been allowed to live.
1,979 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how Ted Bundy, the man who violently stole the lives of more than forty women, does not easily fit into any compartment of criminal theory. An outwardly intelligent, responsible and gregarious person, Bundy's killing spree went unchecked over a period of years, because his personality and lifestyle did not fit with any previously established profile of a serial killer. It contends that Bundy, had he lived out his life in prison, may have provided the world with extraordinary insights into one of the most perplexing criminal minds in American history.
From the Paper
"In Dr. Charles Whitfield's 2004 book, The Truth About Mental Illness, he demonstrates a very strong link between mental illness and childhood trauma. Complex childhood post-traumatic stress syndrome is an area that is being explored in depth during this decade. However, during Bundy's incarceration, although childhood trauma was considered as a factor, it was not well understood. Born in Burlington, Vermont in 1946, Bundy was the illegitimate child of a woman whose family was so ashamed of his mother's unmarried status when she gave birth, that his grandparents claimed him as their own child. They led Ted and others to believe that his mother was his older sister. When he was thirteen, a cousin proved to Ted that his "older sister" was actually his mother. "
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Substance Abuse, 2006.
A discussion regarding the correlation between drug addiction and the tendency to commit crime.
3,477 words (approx. 13.9 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 98.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the high percentage of drug abuse amongst prison inmates. According to the paper, the United States Bureau of Prisons (BOP) developed a comprehensive substance abuse treatment program in 1989, in an attempt to alter both the criminal and substance abuse behaviors of inmates. This paper attempts to determine which treatment programs are most effective in treating inmates with substance abuse problems.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Purpose
Problem
Review of Literature
Juvenile Correction Facilities
Discussion of Relevant Issues
Analysis
Conclusion and Recommendation
From the Paper
"Indeed program retention is critical as it has been found to be a critical part of ensuring that treatment is effective. The authors explain that there is a positive correlation between long term outcomes and retention rates four both adults and adolescents. In their analysis Hser et al (2001) assessed the correlation between after treatment outcomes and program retention for adolescents in the Drug Abuse Treatment Outcomes Project. This assessment was conducted across a range of program types that were inclusive of short-term inpatient, residential, and outpatient drug-free (Hser et al 2001). The study found that longer stays in treatment (90 days or more) could be correlated with lower levels of substance abuse in addition to lower rates of arrest in the year following treatment. "
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Vicarious Liability, 2007.
This paper examines the concept of vicarious liability and its applications in law enforcement.
843 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that vicarious liability is a legal concept which refers to one party being held liable for the injury or damage sustained by another party, in spite of the fact that they had no active involvement in the incident. The paper clarifies that the intent behind vicarious liability is to hold the proper party accountable when harm is committed. The paper relates the history behind this concept and looks at a variety of situations in which a party, including contractors, parents and employers, may be charged with vicarious liability .
From the Paper
"Before there was law enforcement, local communities operated self-help systems to keep the peace and enforce contracts. Before the thirteenth century a common law arose that there existed an involuntary collective responsibility by the whole community for the actions committed by each member of the community. Later this was formalized into law as the Community Responsibility System. It was enforced because community reputation would be lost and retaliation by the injured party would be leveled against the community if compensation was not paid. Costly wars were fought over the acts of one person committing a crime against someone in another community, and this had to be avoided."
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