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Management Styles, 2008.
This paper analyzes the fundamental differences between management styles in western and eastern cultures.
2,830 words (approx. 11.3 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 84.95
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Abstract
The paper highlights three major differences between eastern and western cultures that affect management styles. The author reports that the philosophical underpinning of the west is based on rationality and maximizing self interest; whereas, eastern cultures focus on changing behaviors and circumstances for different behaviors. The paper states that western culture is focused on individuality and on proactive decision-making; however, eastern management styles are based on a strict manager-subordinate chain with more of a group oriented focus on the successful completion of tasks. The author points out that the eastern management style is more directive with workers expecting assigned tasks and clear directions; whereas, in western culture, the idea of initiative is praised and workers are expected to question assumptions, take risks and undertake tasks that were not necessarily assigned. The paper includes a graph and a table.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Management Styles in Western and Eastern Cultures
The Role of Culture in Business Management: Western versus Eastern Philosophies
Motivation and Performance Measures in Western and Eastern and Eastern Cultures
Western and Eastern Workers: Interactions with the Organization
Cultural Differences and Communication
Conclusion
From the Paper
"On a practical note, Korn/Ferry International conducted a survey in collaboration with the Economist Intelligence Unit and found that a vast amount of respondents (72%), saw the East as a major influence in the macro business environment, and were considered major players within the overall globalization process, as different geographic spheres became more integrated. However, the Eastern leaders were not considered particularly able to excel in the global market place (this excludes Japan); as only 20% of the respondents thought Eastern cultures were adaptive to the global business environment and practices."
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Healthcare Among the Poor, 2008.
This paper explores healthcare delivery for the poor population in the US.
1,655 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at the obstacles poor people in the US face in receiving healthcare. The paper offers a definition of "poor" and discusses urban inequality and the lack of healthcare for many people. The paper also explains why the government and individuals cannot pay all healthcare costs. The paper then discusses the solution of reducing healthcare costs by focusing on the prevention of serious diseases.
Outline:
The Socio-economic Inequality and Healthcare
Finding Solutions to Helping the Poor with Healthcare
From the Paper
"The first step in looking at healthcare for the poor is to define what it means to be considered poor. The Meriam-Webster.com (2007) has 15 entries for poor, but two primary definitions for this paper are lacking in material possessions or characterized by poverty. The poor in the United States would be those who do not work or work at minimum wage jobs and they make less than the poverty index. Studying the United States and other countries will show how socio-economic inequality affects healthcare."
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Cultural Constructions, 2008.
This paper discusses the challenge of the sitcom "Will and Grace" towards hetero-normativity.
1,363 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer looks at how the prosperous sitcom, 'Will & Grace' challenges traditional notions of hetero-normativity in that it seeks to "normalize" a gay character by placing that character within a situation comedy also featuring an attractive heterosexual woman he just so happens to be living with. The writer points out that the show emphasizes Will's professional success and is unafraid to make explicit "gay" references to human sexuality - scenes that, whatever their dramatic and aesthetic merits, certainly humanize Will and force the audience to view homosexual men and women as having the same human and instinctual impulses as heterosexual men and women. The writer maintains that at the same time, though, even as the series casts a bit of mockery on some old stereotypes about gays, it also perpetuates the notion that gay men are weaker than other men - less virile, in short. The writer concludes that the series is a commendable one, but hardly an infallible one.
From the Paper
"The series has done other rather remarkable things that have challenged the bigotry gay men and women habitually face in modern-day American society. Most notably, the show has not been averse to making explicit "gay" references on-air, an apparent first in US prime-time television. Suffice it to say, this strategy has forced gay themes about sexuality and about human relationships into the mainstream - a process that, over a period of time, might diminish the reflexive distaste some audience members have for such topics. At the very least, the show's willingness to discuss explicit "gay" themes has allowed for a presentation of Will as a genuinely three-dimensional human being; in a day and age when "gay-bashing" is still a fact of life in many parts of America, anything that serves to humanize a gay character on prime-time television is something that deserves to be applauded."
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AIDS, 2008.
This paper examines the sociological implications of AIDS through an analysis of the societal institutions that shape and influence the understanding and stigmatization of this most controversial of epidemics.
2,380 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper stresses that the effects of the AIDS epidemic on modern societies are tantamount in scope to those of the bubonic plague of the fourteenth century. The author points out that the victims of epidemic encounter and suffer from rigid, blind and irrational stigmatization; however, there is not a great deal of research about AIDS and the social stigma it breeds. The paper relates that, in the United States, the legal system paradoxically has served to both protect AIDS victims and strengthen their social stigmatization. The author underscores that the legal protections that the government has extended to the confidentiality of AIDS victims are superior to those that have been offered to other individuals with a communicable disease. The paper states that discrimination against HIV or AIDS victims in their places of work is more obvious than that which exists in religious institutions, although a considerable amount of progress has been made in the workplace.
Table of Contents:
A Brief Definition of Stigma
Law and Stigma
Media and Stigma
Religion and Stigma
The Work Force
Health Insurance
Education
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Anyone who lived during the 1980s will recall the media's inadequate coverage of the AIDS outbreak. For those who didn't, it is sufficient to write that mainstream media coverage in those days was laced with mean-spirited jokes in bad taste, ridicule, rampant irreverence, and a woeful grasp on the facts. Today, very few dispute the argument that, in the early days of the outbreak, the media contributed a great deal to the general ambiance of hysteria and relentless stigmatization."
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Counseling Professionals and Ethical Standards, 2008.
A review of "Issues and Ethics in the Helping Professions" by G. Corey, M. Corey and P. Callanan.
2,046 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
The paper examines "Issues and Ethics in the Helping Professions" where the authors focus on the issue of ethics in relationship to counseling professionals. The paper shows how the text is both a source of information and a tool that counselors can use in their development of personal ethical standards that will allow them to become more effective professionals.
From the Paper
"Corey, Corey and Callanan (2007) focus on the issue of ethics in relationship to counseling professionals. The purpose behind the text is to allow the counselor or student to explore ethics in a manner that can be applicable to real life situations and develop personal ethical standards that are essential for working with clientele. At the core of the ethical exploration suggested by the book, however, is Corey, Corey and Callanan's (2007) contention that all counselors must ultimately make determinations best on what solution will benefit the client over the long term (p. 1). According to Corey, Corey and Callanan (2007), taking this approach to ethics provides the most effective decisions, as well as answers that are based upon the counselor's purpose for functioning - the client's needs (p. 1)."
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The Logan Health Center, 2008.
This paper looks at the Logan Health Center, studying its aims, philosophy and strategies.
766 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the Logan Health Center was established in 1995 by the Tiburcio Vasquez Health Center and New Haven Unified School District. The writer points out that the intention of the Logan Health Center is to provide a place where students at James Logan High School can learn healthy behavior such as sports and injury treatment or sexual treatment. The center also teaches injury prevention, and provides high quality health care. The writer looks at the philosophy of the Center and maintains that overall, the Logan Health Center is a positive place where students can have their physical and psychological needs met. The writer concludes that by allowing students to have a place where they can learn positive health behavior as well as positive social actions, the center successfully addresses many of the issues that students face.
From the Paper
"By offering psychological as well as physical services, the center strives to make sure that the students come to school ready to learn. Though the center focuses on physical health, it recognizes that psychosocial problems often are what keep students from attending school. Therefore, these services recognize that the student is a whole person, not just a physical body.
"This strategy prepares the students for success. The strong focus on the whole person, the center allows an environment that is beneficial for those who are active physically and need a small amount of physical help to those who are having difficult social problems."
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Solving World Hunger, 2008.
This paper discusses solutions for eliminating hunger in third world
countries.
1,421 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
The paper argues that instituting democracy and establishing stable economies are necessary in order to resolve the chronic political and economic problems that cause hunger and poverty. The paper argues further that globalization undermines democratic institutions and, therefore, people should be aware of the dangers of globalization in order to avoid being exploited by the wealthy and the powerful.
From the Paper
"Comprehensive solutions to resolving world hunger have been elusive because of the multitude of economic and political factors which cause hunger and poverty. Some solutions have been offered based upon establishing the provision of foreign aid and the establishment of food security, but these measures cannot guarantee self-sufficiency, which is one of the fundamental prerequisites for maintaining a sufficient food supply in underdeveloped countries."
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Caribbean Mothers and Stereotyping in Canada, 2008.
This paper discusses the issue of Caribbean women as single parents, focusing on political correctness and stereotyping in Canada.
3,175 words (approx. 12.7 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 91.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the conservatism of stereotyping Canadian- Caribbean women who are single parents. The writer notes that this can be done frequently by 'concerned' politically correct scholars and activists to assert they are attacking unwanted attitudes regarding 'women of colour' or 'Jamaican single mothers'. The writer expresses some of what is noticeable in educated circles in central Canada referring to single mothers of Caribbean backgrounds, in quite negative, distorting stereotypes that often miss practical or philosophical realities, notably those of religion and orientations other than the material. This paper's topic reinforces a simple reality that one is influenced by mass media materials if one is not alert to their influence as a danger.
Outline:
Introduction
Racism and 'Oppression'
School Failure and Gangs
The Impact of Slavery Reexamined
Class Struggle and Consumerism
'Fieldwork' - Speaking with People
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The rest of the article refers to women of Caribbean origin having children when young, leaving school, living thereafter on social assistance or menial jobs. A stereotype of single mothers of Caribbean heritage in hopeless situations is now usual in a construction irritating single mothers who are achievers and sometimes excellent parents, able to provide constructive homes for their children on modest incomes. A strong bias in Philp's article is one of poverty always meaning severe disadvantage in contrast with a practicality and sense of priority found in Caribbean cultures as developed in ex-colonies of very limited resources till quite recently. Single mothers can be strongly aware of what is needed in life, and as stressed elsewhere in this paper, how to maintain their family's dignity, poverty not shameful when approached soundly, aware of how much worse off others are, trying one's best, valuing kin and conducting oneself well with others.
"Many contemporary Caribbean single mothers have had good role models in women raising children by themselves in more than one country."
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Socialism: From Babeuf to Marx, 2008.
A review of socialism from the early eighteenth century up until the middle of the nineteenth century, focusing on the works of Karl Marx and Francois Noel Babeuf.
1,333 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper briefly defines the concept of socialism and outlines its early stirrings in the eighteenth century, right up to the middle of the nineteenth century. In so doing, the paper notes how socialism was not a steady escalation of rhetoric that ultimately culminated in Karl Marx's "Manifesto," but rather, an idea about socio-economic organization that first emerged in its modern form in the fiery writings and outbursts of Francois Noel Babeuf. The paper further shows how socialism went through a period of fairly intellectualized and rational discussion during the first few decades of the nineteenth century.
From the Paper
"By the dawn of the 1850s, thinkers such as Louis Blanc were calling for the advent of social workshops that would be controlled wholly by workers. This approach still sought to involve the capitalists in a cooperative fashion, but Blanc's approach to socialism soon gave way to Marx's highly-charged writings on the nature of social class relations. Specifically, Marx portrayed as inevitable a revolutionary conflict between capital and labor, and he also chastised the socialists as "theoretical utopian dreamers who disregarded the necessity of revolutionary struggle to implement their doctrines" ("Socialism," 44396). In one fell swoop, Marx had sharply rebuked the more measured and thoughtful tone of the early socialists and created a new kind of socialism (or, rather, the revolutionary socialism of Babeuf in a new dress) that avowedly sought the destruction of the existing capitalist order. It was, suffice it to say, the most radical step yet undertaken by the left in its battle against the "oppressive" forces of the classical liberal right."
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Prostitution in the U.S.A., 2008.
This paper argues that prostitution in the U.S.A. should be legalized.
2,120 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, although prostitution is often referred to as the world's oldest profession, it is not so much a profession as a job of last resort for marginalized, poor women. The author argues that it needs to be recognized that prostitutes are workers like everyone else and should enjoy the same rights and protections. The paper stresses that, most importantly, prostitutes must not be further victimized by punitive legislation. The author points out that, since the prostitution industry will not go away, society should stop wasting tax dollars on trying to forcibly eliminate it. The paper recommends that steps should be taken to make life easier for these sex workers by such actions as providing health care.
Table of Contents:
Executive Summary
Introduction
Background: How We Think about Prostitution
Purpose of the Study
Scope of the Study: Abuse Faced by Prostitutes
Sources and Methods
Reasons Why Prostitutes Do Not Use Legal and Policing
Resources, and Suggested Solutions
Reasons for Not Reporting Crimes
Why We Have an Obligation to Protect Prostitutes
The Current Legal Situation in the USA
Decriminalization: A Possible Solution?
Treating Prostitutes with the Same Respect as Other Workers
Ensuring Prostitutes have Access to Health Care
Recommendations
From the Paper
"Since the 1970s, prostitution and related crimes have been totally illegal in the USA (except in thirteen counties in Nevada). The legal definitions of prostitution that are used vary, but most define prostitution as an exchange of money for sex. There are also laws against pandering and procuring, which are directed at people such as pimps. The legal definition of pimping is usually living off the earnings of a prostitute. This is usually totally illegal. All of these laws totally ignore the fact that prostitution is often not a choice."
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Understanding Genocide, 2008.
This paper examines Elie Wiesel's autobiography "Night" in order to determine the sociological implications of genocide.
2,360 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
The paper analyzes Elie Wiesel's Holocaust recollections in his book "Night" with the goal of pinpointing the sociological realities that tend to breed genocide. The paper poses three central preconditions of genocide; the technological means of genocide, the role of propaganda and the role of extreme nationalism. The paper shows how Wiesel substantiates these preconditions of genocide in his book.
Outline:
Propaganda
The Mobilization of Technology
Nationalism
Never Again?
Conclusion
From the Paper
"It would not be an exaggeration to write that Elie Wiesel's Night occupies a special place in the anthology of holocaust autobiographies. Of late, this short work has enjoyed a resurgence of sorts, and has skyrocketed to the top of numerous newspapers' bestselling lists. This paper, however, does not aim to delve into a literary analysis of the book--its inimitable style, its conciseness of language, and its mesmerizing refusal to lend itself to a clearly recognizable literary genre. This book, for all its concern with language and memory, is an autobiography that is grounded deeply in time and place--Poland of the Second World War. Wiesel's book, then, must be read as an autobiography of a Jewish man's appalling journey through that broken period. Consequently, it is up to the reader to make what he/she will of the work and to derive its sociological significance."
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A Consumerist China, 2008.
This paper discusses consumerism vs. poverty in China's capitalist development.
2,684 words (approx. 10.7 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 80.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the works of Maurice Meisner and Minxin Pei concerning the high social, political and economic price of China's approach to development. The paper then explains the phenomenon of Chinese consumerism that exists while millions struggle to obtain basic subsistence. The paper portrays the disparity in the American-style high consuming class and the working or unemployed poor.
Outline:
Introduction
Consumerism - Chinese Style
Disparities and Frustrations
Time and Unfulfilled Promises
Consumerism and Culture
Concluding Remarks
From the Paper
"Meisner noted a small percentage of urban population are members of the nouveaux riches that support "the world's most rapidly growing market in luxury goods." (1999 534) Otherwise there is much conspicuous lesser spending. A report for business people planning to do retail business in the PRC in 2005 with China's permission of foreign distributors with World Trade Organisation membership stated that the Chinese consumer still shops daily, likes processed and packaged foods, expects shopping to be an outdoor, urban activity and favours products to do with sport, leisure and general convenience. (Iyengar 2004) Car ownership is proportionately low and the distances great so that distributors have to work hard, if promoting a new product in China, to see that it reaches every targeted region. Mail order business is unknown and Internet shopping just beginning. The leisure culture taking form in the 1990s showed little sign of declining. Consumers were less automatically taken by foreign manufactures but wanted goods that made their lives more convenient. A Euromonitor International article referred to a positive attitude in the PCR towards owning one's housing, letting housing out to others, high demand for household durables and leisure goods that allowed for a busier lifestyle. (2006)"
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Categorization and Prejudice, 2008.
A project proposal for exploring the link between categorization and prejudice within the social cognition perspective, particularly focusing on race, gender and age.
863 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This research proposal aims to explore the link between categorization and prejudice within the social cognition perspective. It utilizes a multiple, or inter-sectional, approach to social cognition research and looks at three separate yet complementary aspects of social identity - race, gender and age. The paper aims to render a more nuanced account of stereotyping and the social-cognitive context in which these prejudices are enacted.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Aim
Project Description
Methodology
Participants
Stimulus Materials
Procedure
Choice of Methods for Observation
From the Paper
"The complexity of this intersectional research project involves a large number of operational variables. It is felt that by situating the project in a research laboratory environment and controlling for the age and race of the participants, a more accurate picture of automatic prejudice can be rendered. The laboratory is also well-suited to the restrictive timeframe being placed on participant responses, as well as the need for participant isolation and anonymity. It is hoped that these mechanisms will aid in eliciting automatic rather than conscious responses from the participants."
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Mediation and Domestic Violence, 2008.
This paper argues against mediation in cases of domestic violence.
1,536 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the issue of domestic violence has been debated for decades throughout the criminal justice system, government and society. The writer points out that because there has been a steady increase in the number of domestic violence cases over time, it has been suggested that mediation may be the solution to resolving issues, saving families and stopping the continued violence through communication. The writer discusses that mediation, however, by its very nature suggests that there are two parties that are equal and that there is a desire for there to be a solution that is equitable to both individuals. Therefore, the writer maintains that while there are many segments of society that believes that mediation is appropriate in domestic violence cases, it is evident that if equality does not exist between the parties, mediation is not a solution to the issue.
From the Paper
"Although this is becoming the standard of practice in the court system, it is also not always achieved effectively because of the lack of skill in domestic violence cases that exists in the court system. Therefore, wives that have experienced domestic violence may be directed to enter mediation, even though the situation calls for other actions to be taken that would prevent further violence.
"The State of Georgia has determined that mediation can be effective in domestic violence cases if proper screenings occur prior to the onset of the mediation process. The state has placed into affect procedures in which mediation can be considered in domestic violence situations, where there is no threat to the individuals being abused and in which the mediators are specifically trained to work with domestic violence cases."
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The Biracial Family, 2008.
This paper reviews "Clover" by Doris Sanders.
1,066 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the book "Clover" by Doris Sanders that portrays the life of a young black child reared by a white woman in a close-knit, African-American farming community. The paper considers the book's dominant themes of intermarriage and women and work and highlights Sanders' depiction of gender-specific expectations.
Outline:
Part One: Summary of Text
Intermarriage
Women and Work
From the Paper
"Dori Sander's, Clover, is a thoughtful look at what it is like to be a young black child reared by a white woman in a close-knit, African-American farming community. The book explores Clover's own conflicting feelings towards Sara Kate and the difficult time Sara Kate experiences by virtue of being a white interloper in a protective and tightly-bound black extended family. Furthermore, the book looks at how Clover finds herself uncomfortably straddling two worlds that are divided by cleavages that extend beyond race. To wit, Sara Kate is well-educated and intelligent and white (and apparently fairly upper-class) and Clover's family is working poor, African-American, rural and not terribly urbane. In a real sense, the little girl is the embodiment of the fears, tensions and insecurities many children endure when thrust into biracial marriages in a society that has not yet embraced them."
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The Dissolution of the "Nuclear Family", 2008.
An analysis of the contributing factors to and the implications of the dissolution of the nuclear family structure.
1,499 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the trend of the shift away from the nuclear family structure. It discusses the social and evolutionary changes that have contributed to this shift, as well as the psychological and social implications to the family of the shift. The paper discusses some of the problems that have been associated with this shift towards an individualistic society.
From the Paper
"The shift from the nuclear family toward an individualistic society seems inevitable, and yet regrettable. The social and psychological results of the shift hold substantial risk to all members of society. Under the individualistic model, adults are not guaranteed the "vital" functions of sex and conjugal bonds (Soto 499). Adults and children are both at risk in the absence of a nuclear family structure due to the lack of permanent or stable paternity and childcare. Finally, children are at risk of social and psychological confusion, as well as the lack of "patrimonial knowledge" gained from a cohesive parental unit (Soto 499). Children raised without a clear structure or understanding of their social system create a cycle wherein society fails to protect and work for its members. As such, the individual and the family are in crisis as it becomes more and more socially acceptable to move away from the nuclear family model."
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Homelessness in Canada, 2008.
An analysis of homelessness as a social issue in Canada.
1,247 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how homelessness has been described as a chronic illness affecting all societies regardless of the degree of economic development and overall wealth of the nation. It contends that homelessness seems to be a social ill that, short of mandating public housing facilities for every citizen, cannot be completely eradicated. It also examines how the various research projects that have been tasked with studying this difficult social conundrum have typically approached the issue with strong academic objectives and usually combined with a sincere desire to affect positive change.
Outline
Overview
Homelessness
Dimensions of Homelessness
From the Paper
"Burt has pointed out the causality of homelessness by identifying its three primary causes: structural, individual and governmental (Burt). Yet, all of these various causes are nuanced and tend to manifest themselves either in unique fashions from one society to another or in a complexity of several of them together. As one homeless individual describes his homelessness, the direct impact that governmental policies, local or national, can have on homelessness, is readily apparent (Kerr par.23). Clearly the impact of urban revitalization can be a real stimulant to homelessness because by removing all the low-income housing in an area without supplying new low income housing elsewhere is guaranteeing an increase in the local homelessness rates. "
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Genre Applications in Education, 2008.
This paper argues for the balance of normative and adaptive applications of genre for teacher/scholar educational standards.
1,116 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer analyzes the basis for genre standardizations that would include both a normative approach and adaptive approach in educational research and application. The writer notes that by realizing the importance of normative genres in language studies, students can better understand how to categorize various issues in writing. However, the writer maintains that these normative standards cannot be so heavily relied upon that they deny new genres of significant importance. In essence, the writer argues that a balanced approach to normative and adaptive genre applications must be adhered to in an effective writing criterion for modern educational perspectives.
From the Paper
"Critics of normative genre approaches in writing provide important arguments that explain why genre studies norms must be provide a form of standardization that must be adhered to. The premise of normative standards is only providing an outline for the growingly diverse set of genre studies that have arisen in the new globalized community. Many more cultural norms and values are being expressed, which reestablish the normative ways in which people think and write. However, the premise of normative genre values is essential for various cultures to establish their cultural identity, which provides the foundation in which to understand other cultures and genre-based evaluations. This perspective is helping teachers to understand the complexities of genre studies. Devitt defines this critical stance in educational standards that is important to realizing why genre categorizations can be dangerous to effective critical thinking, yet they are needed to establish a basis for localized identity issues for the educational scholar.."
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The New Politics of Consumption, 2008.
An analysis of the arguments presented in "The New Politics of Consumption. Why Americans Want So Much More Than They Need" by Juliet Schor.
1,077 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the high level of consumption in the United States. It argues that over-consumption has now risen to a level where it is having a negative impact in many ways and the paper discusses these effects. The paper focuses on the article by Juliet Schor, "The New Politics of Consumption. Why Americans Want So Much More Than They Need."
From the Paper
"To remedy this unfortunate situation, Schor suggests that we engage with a new politics of consumption. This new politics should embrace seven new principles. These are a right to a decent standard of living; quality of life rather than quantity of stuff; ecologically sustainable consumption; democratize consumption practices; a politics of retailing and the "cultural environment;" expose commodity "fetishism;" and a consumer movement and governmental policy. The last-mentioned would include a strong consumer movement that would influence governments to implement the preceding six principles."
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