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Dating and Nonverbal Communication, 2008.
This paper is a research analysis of the nonverbal communication cues used in both nonsexual and sexual dating relationships.
1,000 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper reports that nonverbal communication is an important part of a dating relationship, in both nonsexual relationships and in the initiation of sexual behavior within relationships. The paper goes on to assert that, prior to escalating a relationship from a purely dating one, to one of a sexual nature, relationships must be assessed thoroughly, combining both verbal and nonverbal communication cues, for an optimum outcome.
From the Paper
"A positive sexual relationship between couples stems from successful communication regarding sexual and nonsexual preferences when intimate. In 1999, a study was conducted using men and women who were in dating relationships, but not dating each other. They were interviewed regarding sexual preferences and communication of their likes and dislikes. The research indicated that individuals are much more communicative about their sexual preferences when they are in a relationship in which communication was encouraged, not only about sex, but also about all aspects of the dating relationship. It was also determined that couples who have a nonverbal agreement and understanding about sex can be more effective and preferred over open discussion about sexual likes and dislikes."
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Socialization of Immigrants, 2008.
This paper looks at personal and institutional responsibility for socialization with regards to immigration.
789 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that it is evident that history has forced most immigrants to the US to take on the responsibility of socialization individually, without support from social organizations. The writer further relates that, in the initial mass immigration that occurred during industrialization, this philosophy lead to the formation of cultural communities across the US that worked to support cultural members and the greater social order as well. The writer then points out that, as time has progressed, however, there have been millions of immigrants that have arrived in the nation, both legal and illegal, who have relied solely on these cultural communities for socialization. Ultimately this has created a separation between cultural communities and the larger social order because there has been a lack of organizational or institutional support for immigrants. The writer then asserts that it is therefore apparent that it is time for institutions and individuals to fulfill their social contract with society and assist immigrants in becoming socialized. The writer concludes that it is only through this dual effort that one society will function for the greater good, which includes fulfilling the needs of all cultural groups and prevents segregation of cultural groups from the greater social order.
From the Paper
"For example, millions of illegal immigrants are demanding that they be given their citizenship because of their extended stays within the country. This demand is supported by numerous groups within the Hispanic culture that believe that crossing the border into the United States and functioning in society without incident should be sufficient grounds for citizenship. Yet, the opposing viewpoint to this argument suggests that by offering citizenship to this population, the country is degrading the efforts of other immigrants that have followed legal pathways to becoming citizens. Clearly, the latter argument supports the intentions of society to conduct immigration through legal processes, while the initial argument supports a cultural desire that strays from the legal structure of the nation. Additionally, it should be noted that the first argument serves to separate the needs of one group from the needs of the greater society, while the second argument insists upon a universal format for immigration.
"Therefore, demanding that immigrants should be responsible for their own socialization process in which they create their own resources and opportunities is possible. However, without the support of social organizations that essentially allow for a universal understanding of American life and the American culture, individuals rely on cultural communities that support only a particular culture's way of life and not the nation."
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Deviance Theory and Criminology, 2008.
This paper examines the strengths and weaknesses of deviance theory and its impact on the field of criminology.
1,392 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that although the theory of deviance helps to shed light on some of the reasons people engage in criminal actions, the theory is a social construct and is thus inherently flawed. The paper maintains, that this theory should, therefore, occupy only a minor role in the field of criminology. The paper also asserts that this theory only be employed as a means of interpretation of the criminal mind when there is no possibility that the root cause of deviance may lie within the society and not the individual.
Outline:
Introduction
Strengths
Weaknesses
Deviance and Criminology
From the Paper
"The theory of deviance is not organic. Broadly defined, deviance is behavior that violates the norms of a particular society. Thus, the theory is a creation of society, and a social construct that labels persons within a society as outcasts because they tend to display certain behaviors that society deems reprehensible. Deviance, then, is best understood as an artificial creation, which fits neatly into the realms of academic disciplines such as sociology, anthropology, psychology and social psychology to explain the unexpected actions of individuals. Most of all, the theory helps us to understand the most reprehensible among us: the criminal. "
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Police Training on Deadly Force, 2008.
An analysis of police training on deadly force in America, including an outline of the current training structure and methodology and a discussion of how to develop a more effective program.
4,611 words (approx. 18.4 pages), 16 sources, APA, $ 119.95
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Abstract
This paper asserts that police training on deadly force is a necessary prerequisite for social order and to maintain the efficiency and integrity of the security forces. This paper discusses the necessary components of police training on deadly force, how it can benefit society, and whether police training is an organizational or social issue. The paper also presents a comprehensive model of police training on deadly force based on the best practices presented by the literature. It is clear that there are many issues surrounding training for the police force in relation to deadly force; however this paper shows that it is a necessary facet of the overall humanitarian and peace-keeping initiative and should not be viewed as an extra process aimed at increasing bureaucracy. Lastly, this paper highlights the major elements of the training program that are necessary, while simultaneously highlighting aspects of the political, social, and economic environment that either pose an opportunity or threat to the proposed training initiative on deadly force.
Outline:
Introduction
Major Elements of Police Training
Principles of an Effective Training Strategy
Internal And External Factors That Affect Police Training On Deadly Force - A Critical Analysis
Strengths
Weaknesses
Opportunities
Threats
Police Training On Deadly Force: Terrorism, Crime Fighting, And Violence
State Sponsored Terrorism: Players and Operations
Literature Structure
Methodology
From the Paper
"State sponsored terrorism is two-tiered, many developed countries like the United States and United Kingdom, practice it for strategic reasons, that is, there is no religious affiliation, nor is there a general notion, that there is a need to have war in with certain states. However, there is a clear economic need, which then transfers into a need to have political allegiance with these states; hence without being physically present it is necessary to have alliances with groups that can promote the interests of the United States. Is this wrong? Should it even be called terrorism, or is it just a company take-over, where the country in question is the state? For example in the 1980's the United States was convicted of unlawful force due to their support of terrorist force in Nicaragua, this was a clear cut case of state sponsored terrorism, and highlights the dynamics of how intricate it can be."
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The Russian Mafia versus the Japanese Yakuza, 2008.
This is a comparative paper between the Russian Mafia and the Japanese Yakuza and includes the topics of how each is organized, the methods used, and their respective histories.
2,070 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the many similarities and few differences between the Russian Mafia and the Japanese Yakuza. Specifically, the paper looks at how each is organized, the methods each employs, and the respective histories of each organization. In so doing, the paper ultimately argues that the chief differences between the two organizations are twofold: the Russian Mafia, for historical and cultural reasons, is even more powerful than its Japanese counterpart because of its close ties to the Russian state, and the Russian Mafia is even more brutal in its methods than the Yakuza - or most anyone else. In the final analysis, Robert I. Friedman and other close observers are not wrong to view the "Red Mafiya" with trepidation and dread.
Outline:
Introduction
How the Japanese Yakuza is Organized
How the Russian Mafia is Organized
The Methods Employed by the Japanese Yakuza
The Methods Employed by the Russian Mafia
History of the Japanese Yakuza
History of the Russian Mafia
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The Russian Mafia has been around at least as long as its Yakuza counterpart. James O. Finckenauer writes that stealing the Czar's timber was not considered criminal during much of modern Russian history and professional criminals in the early years of the twentieth century conspired with Marxist political revolutionaries to overthrow first the Czar and then the short-lived revolutionary government that followed. While it is not clear, it appears as though the modern-day Russian Mafia was shaped by the exigencies of the Soviet-era Communist economy - an economy that often failed to provide adequately for its citizens. As a result, a 'shadow' economy sprang up, and it was one in which a criminal entrepreneurial class able to operate outside the law found the perfect climate in which to flourish."
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Feeding the Homeless, 2008.
A personal account of volunteering in a shelter for the homeless.
852 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 0 sources, $ 30.95
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Abstract
The writer relates the time when she went with a few friends to a homeless shelter to help feed the less fortunate. The writer describes the inspiration behind this idea and then depicts the people and the atmosphere there. The writer concludes that she gives back to her community, but in the process, the community gives her back tenfold by providing her with the most rewarding experiences of her life.
Outline:
Introduction
Context or Background in Which the Event Occurred
Key Players Involved
Key Events or What Happened Over Time
Conclusion
From the Paper
"My friends and family have been lucky to have a roof over our heads and food in our belly's, unlike many in this country. I was unaware of how prevalent the homeless problem was until I saw a documentary produced by one of the many newsmagazines, which highlighted the issue. This was alarming enough to me, however, even more alarming was the fact that the homeless do not just include single people or adults. Instead, I saw many innocent faces on the screen of beautiful, innocent, wide-eyed children who, along with their parents were victims of the economy and were living impoverished and hungry in a shelter. After viewing this disturbing, yet informative television show, the next day at work I began discussing the issue with friends and co-workers."
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Police Training, 2008.
This paper discusses what are the necessary components of police training on deadly force and looks at how it can benefit society.
2,269 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that police training on deadly force is a necessary prerequisite for social order and to maintain the efficiency and integrity of the security forces. This paper highlights the major elements of the police training program that are necessary, while simultaneously highlighting aspects of the political, social, and economic environment that either pose an opportunity or threat to the proposed training initiative on deadly force. This paper gives a through outline of the important aspects of how a training process for deadly force should be developed. The analysis also integrates aspects or theories related to formal criminological training methodologies or functions that are integrated with other efficiency parameters related to social justice, social norms and behaviors, as well as other aspects of conflict resolution within the paper.
Outline:
Introduction
Major Elements of Police Training Paper
Section 1: Principles of an Effective Training Strategy
Table 1: Training Modules & Leadership
Literature Structure
From the Paper
"McElvian provides a through analysis of how police shootings affect citizens' behavior and uses this framework to show how police training on deadly force will have an effect on the outcome. Similar articles that model societal change and behaviors with interlinkages with police training on deadly force include the articles by Remsberg, Lewinski and Hudson, and Weeg. These papers are presented below and even show how training on deadly force affects efficiency and improves the effectiveness of police departments. Many of the articles above also show provide universal characteristics on how police training on deadly force can be considered effective and efficient. The table below highlights the articles that will be utilized for the paper."
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To Age or Not to Age, 2008.
This paper discusses plastic surgery, the media, and the public.
2,529 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 76.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that those in the media and public eye are constantly scrutinized regarding their looks and their age. Women, more so than men, are expected to appear young and vibrant, and many have turned to plastic surgery to achieve this goal. More and more men in the media, however, are also jumping on the surgery bandwagon to compete with their younger male counterparts entering the industry. The writer discusses that this move toward plastic surgery is a wonderful method of turning back the clock on aging as long as it is a voluntary, informed choice, and not done with trepidation as a desperate act to restore youth. The writer argues that having cosmetic plastic surgery should remain a personal choice and whether one decides to alter, improve, or enhance their appearance should not be a reflection, either positively or negatively on their character, as it should not on the individual who decides to forego the procedure. Although those physically attractive people in the media and in society in general often receive preferential treatment and are perceived by others as more sociable and intelligent, it is not perception that is important, but how one feels about themselves on the inside that really counts. The writer concludes that this is what should lead us regarding any decision we should make about the media, plastic surgery, and our lives in general.
From the Paper
"One such example of a female broadcaster who has refused to change her appearance is that of Stephanie Edwards, who had hosted the televised versions of the Rose Parade for many years and was the ongoing spokesperson for Lucky's Supermarkets in their broadcast and print advertisements. Her co-host for the yearly parades was a male game show host and media celebrity, Wink Martindale, who is now the spokesperson for Orbitz, a travel agency. While Stephanie's older co-host, Wink, continued to receive his 5-year contracts, Stephanie was given 1-year contracts instead. Additionally, her contract with Lucky's restricted her to radio spots only. Today, Stephanie Edwards is nowhere to be seen in television media, however, as stated Wink, looking as if he has had some "work" done himself, is successfully doing television commercials for Orbitz."
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Healthcare Communication, 2008.
This paper focuses on healthcare communication between the providers of healthcare and their patients.
1,454 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the term healthcare communication can refer to all types of communications used in the healthcare industry, be it communication between and among healthcare agencies, healthcare providers, and healthcare clients. In this paper, however, the writer concentrates on the topic of healthcare communication between healthcare providers and their patients-clients. The paper emphasizes the importance of this communication and looks at the current movement in healthcare education to bring back the human touch into healthcare practice in order for medicine to regain its soul.
Outline:
What is Healthcare Communication?
Relevance of Healthcare Communication
Emergency Room Situations
Confidentiality
Dealing with Family Issues
Dealing with Sociocultural Issues
Communication in the Process of Healing
Principles of Therapeutic Communication in Healthcare Settings
Verbal communications
Verbal communications
Nonverbal communications
From the Paper
"Communication is an exchange, a two-way process. But sometimes this is forgotten in the healthcare setting when the patient-client becomes the passive, receiving end while the healthcare provider does all the talking and fails to listen. However, for healthcare delivery to be effective, there should be an exchange of information between the two parties.
"Healthcare providers have a 2-fold responsibility towards their patients who are basically their clients. First, they must have the technical skills, and second, they much have the ability to communicate and empathize. In other words, a healthcare professional does not only need the brain and skill to perform his/her work. He/she must also have his/her heart into it."
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The Elderly and Health, 2008.
This paper discusses access to health care for the older adult.
1,124 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that access to health care has been listed as one of the leading health indicators in the United States for numerous reasons. Yet, in relation to the aging population of the country, access to care is a primary concern because there are multiple factors that are affecting it at the current time. The writer points out that the nursing shortage that is now challenging health care systems to alter their practices has created a situation in which health care facilities do not have a sufficiently trained staff to meet the demands of the public. When the health care needs of baby boomers are considered with specialized care, the number of trained nurses is even smaller, as is the number of trained physicians in the field of geriatrics. The writer maintains that the only manner of addressing this issue is to develop programs that will entice medical professionals into the field and create working conditions that will prompt nurses to remain in the health care system.
Outline:
Nursing and Physician Shortage
Rising Cost of Health Care
Conclusion
From the Paper
"However, this legislation only demands that the patient be treated until he or she is stable and then may be released without further care. Nevertheless, when it is geriatric related care that is required for the elderly individual, emergency room care is not available and the patient cannot be treated sufficiently.
"Furthermore, while most elderly will sign up for Medicare in the country, Medicare is not a blanket insurance policy that will cover all health care conditions or treatments that are recommended by physicians. This leaves millions of baby boomers in the position of attempting to suffer through age related illness and disease without health care assistance because their access to care is significantly decreased due to lack of coverage. When it is further considered that a large portion of baby boomers will be living off of nothing but their social security payments on a monthly basis, the ability of this generation to afford specialized healthcare services negatively impacts their access to care."
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Challenges in Intelligence, 2008.
This paper looks at the greatest challenges facing the intelligence community in the US in the coming years.
1,442 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer argues that several serious challenges must be overcome within the next few years if American interests are to be well-served by those entrusted with accumulating information on the country's enemies and with formulating strategies for overcoming those enemies. The challenges include unimaginative policy-makers, an unwieldy bureaucracy, imperfect human resources management, the need for international collaboration in a day and age when America is deeply unpopular around the world, the unfortunate trend towards the politicization of intelligence-gathering activities, and slovenly knowledge management. The writer notes that while arguably none of them is any more important than the others, all of them, if taken as a collective, can lead to a paralysis of the intelligence community that might prove, quite literally, deadly. The writer concludes that American intelligence has a host of challenges, from unimaginative policy-makers, to bureaucratic inertia, to combating America's unpopularity overseas, to poor knowledge management, that must all be overcome as quickly as possible.
Outline:
Summary
References
From the Paper
"Another major challenge will be coming up with a more stream-lined decision-making process for all branches of government - not simply the CIA or FBI or any other explicitly intelligence-gathering department. This commitment to efficiency, as most can imagine, is vitally important when it comes to things like protecting American nuclear arsenals from successful infiltration or attack. According to the General Accounting Office, the Department of Energy took nearly two years to develop a new Design Basis Threat capable of accurately assessing the possible size and capabilities of terrorist forces - in no small part because the DOE's review and comment process for developing policy is cumbersome, to say the least. Clearly, one of the great challenges facing America today is coming up with a means by which the bureaucracy can be made to work more efficiently so that all those associated - even peripherally - with the intelligence community are responsive and flexible in a day and age when responsiveness and flexibility are desperately needed. All in all, given as the country's nuclear arsenals are so enticing to sophisticated terrorist outfits with considerable human and financial resources, streamlining the decision-making and implementation process (particularly with regards to things like DBT development) is simply imperative."
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Shaped by Mother Nature, 2008.
This paper discusses the historical interaction between Californian societies and California's climate, location and geology.
2,247 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer explores the historical interaction between Californian societies and the state's climate, its location, and its curious geology - of which its vast stores of precious minerals is the most conspicuous feature. Although many things can potentially be said about this relationship, this paper argues that human societies in the Golden State have been profoundly shaped by their interaction - and occasional collision - with Mother Nature. The writer maintains that one cannot understand Californian society, where it has been and where it is going, without understanding its interaction to the environment. The paper looks at how human societies in California have been shaped by the region's environment, with particular attention being paid to the state's climate, geographic location and geology.
From the Paper
"Proceeding further, it must be borne in mind that California's geographic location has historically made it isolated - not least of all because wind flows made it difficult for pre-modern ships to travel up the coast, thereby discouraging travel from Latin America, Europe and the United States. At the same time, whatever human societies sprang up in California - especially those that rose to ascendance after the founding of the earliest American colonies - had to deal with the unhappy fact that the land they called their own was on the same continental land-mass as the rapidly-growing Americans; likewise, Mexico was not far of and they, too, had designs on completely subjugating the California territory. Interestingly, a case can be made that ongoing nineteenth century disputes with Mexican leaders and elites about the extent of Mexican central government control in California were scarcely less vehement and acrimonious than the disputes "Californios" would similarly have with unruly US settlers trying to turn the region into a possession of the burgeoning United States."
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Materialism and "Death of a Salesman", 2008.
This paper discusses the false materialistic values of the American dream in 'Death of a Salesman' by Arthur Miller
888 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer analyzes the false values of the American dream that arise in 'Death of a Salesman' by Arthur Miller. The writer maintains that the attitudes of Willy Loman toward his family is a representation of the unrealistic expectations that define the American Dream as being financially secure and living up to external social stereotypes about materialistic success in American society. The writer notes that by understanding the false values of Loman's insatiable desire to accept and follow the American Dream, he invariably destroys his own life, as well as that of his family. The writer discusses the various aspects of materialism that are found within the false values of the American dream within the play and within society.
From the Paper
"Within the American Dream, the common man offers a new perspective on what is good about human nature and the ability to improve oneself, even though Willy is unable achieve his goals. However, Wily is psychologically impaired, and cannot seem to grasp the real depth of his beliefs and suspicions about life beyond what external society expects of him. The false values of Wily's life are essentially dictated by a social expectation--the American Dream-but this is a dream that can never be actualized because of his behaviors within personal relationships. This is how tragedy is expressed in Miller's ideology, especially when Wily cannot realize he is trying to live a dream--not adhering to reality and human error in his judgments about his family. This is how Wily is able to realize the reality of family's own limitations, and how he eventually succumbs to the dream of American life, which is not possible within the error and fallibility of the human condition. "
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A Qualitative Research Report Analysis, 2008.
An evaluation of a qualitative research report, "In Their Own Words: Battered Women, Welfare and the Family Violence Option", by J.L. Postmus.
1,378 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
The paper identifies the purpose, research questions, study design and subjects and settings of J.L. Postmus' report,"In Their Own Words: Battered Women, Welfare and the Family Violence Option". The paper also examines the data collection methods, data analysis procedures and the strengths and limitations of this study. The paper concludes that the study findings were valid and the research of high quality.
Outline:
Problem
Study Purpose
Research Questions
Study Design
Subjects and Settings
Data Collection Methods
Data Analysis Procedures
Strengths and Limitations
From the Paper
"The problem the study was conducted to resolve was the apparent ineffectiveness of the Family Violence Option program as an option in helping battered women leave abusive relationships and eventually become economically independent (Postmus, 2002)."
"The problem is significant to nursing because of the impact of the recipients' experiences, attitudes and actions on their lives when faced with a system (which could be extended to the social services of a hospital) that is not receptive to their individual needs as victims and as person who wishes to establish themselves as emotionally and financially independent of their former partners. The significance of this research to nursing is also seen in the apparent danger that adapting a "catch-all" group of solutions for common problems (e.g. prioritizing rehabilitation over gaining economic independence) and one-sidedness with which each individual was assessed in order to achieve bureaucratic efficiency."
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Elder Care Resources, 2008.
This paper discusses the necessity to adapt to the increasing elderly population in order to meet specialized health care needs of geriatric individuals.
961 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer outlines salient features and issues regarding care of geriatric individuals in the context of working family members. It is the contention of this paper that, through bringing attention to the need for employees to both meet the needs of their elderly family members and employers, some of the difficulties encountered as a result of lost job opportunities, productivity and benefits can be avoided or at least alleviated. The writer concludes that an elder care program can, nonetheless, benefit both employer in terms of employee retention and investment, and employee in terms of uninterrupted income, personal, professional and organizational advancement, this new market can possibly lead to better uniformity in providing for elder care.
From the Paper
"As the elderly are experiencing an increase in life expectancy, dying is no longer a swift and uncomplicated transition. The salient natural course of most elderly patients is that of exacerbations and a semblance of normalcy, where death may come in the form of a coup de grace type insult or a disease exacerbation that is never fully recovered from. From the perspective of the aged, it is not merely enough to reach a chronological age and a sense of maturity; it is more important that independence in the form of being able to perform activities of daily living, having one's cognitive faculties intact, being able to be looked upon with status in society.
"A fear of losing one's independence permanently with an acute disease presentation or an accident such as a fall, along with a sense of mortality constantly shadows the elderly patient. "
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The United States Supreme Court, 2008.
This paper examines the United States Supreme Court, looking into its history and procedures.
1,248 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer provides the background to the U.S. Supreme Court through a brief history of the Court. In addition, the writer presents an explanation as to how cases from trial court work their way up to the Supreme Court for review. The writer notes that both topics are rich with layers of complexity and for the purposes of this paper, an overview of the history and process of the Supreme Court is provided.
From the Paper
"Additional restrictions on appeals to the Supreme Court include some of the general restrictions applied to all appellate review. For example, appeals are restricted to losing parties, questions of law to be addressed must have been raised during trial court, and time restrictions exist in permitting the filing of an appeal.
"Once a case successfully reaches the Supreme Court docket, a lengthy review process begins which can take as long as three years to complete. Once the process is completed, the Supreme Court issues a number of opinions representing the different views held by the justices following the review process. The opinion most widely shared amongst the majority (the majority opinion) represents the final decision of the Supreme Court. "
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Equal Justice under Law, 2008.
This paper discusses law and justice in the US, focusing on the US Supreme Court.
1,700 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer explores the origins and history of the Supreme Court of the United States. The writer traces the early role of the court in the course of the development of the country. The writer notes that the Court is not without controversy, and decisions made have come to be symbolic of the wrongs of society, and the correction of these mistakes demonstrates the ability of the court to adapt and lead modern thinking. Finally the requirements of how a case is brought before the Court are discussed.
From the Paper
"In the constitutional scheme developed nearly two hundred and thirty years ago, the judiciary was established as one of the three co-equal branches of the federal government. Yet, Article III of the Constitution is surprisingly brief as to the establishment of the structure, duties and make up of a very powerful branch of the government. The court has been left largely to its own devices as how it conducts its affairs and what cases it chooses to hear, given the charge of original jurisdiction over a very few cases, the Supreme Court has become an institution equated with the preservation of civil liberties in our modern society. The history of the Supreme Court is the history of the United States and its struggle to maintain the Republic through a wide variety of challenges and crisis. A focus of political angst and a vestige of last hope for the oppressed members of society, whose imperfect judgment has stood the test of time, and corrected its past errors. With little Constitutional direction, this body has shaped modern society."
"The Supreme Court of the United States has jurisdiction over cases involving Ambassadors and other public ministers, cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdictions, controversies between two or more states, between the state and a citizen of another state and appellate jurisdiction over lower courts."
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Historical Continuity of Ancient and Modern Hospitality, 2008.
A historical look at the continuity of ancient and modern practices in hospitality.
1,016 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper compares the use of ancient and modern hospitality in the context of literary and modern practices of caring for a guest. The paper notes that, although the context of travel and hospitality were not as open and dignified as it is in a modern context, the use of familial or guest orientated hospitality in the ancient world is still ever-present today. Moreover, the paper concludes that the ideology of generosity to travelers is the continuous strain of thought that is every present in a humans "natural" ability to help those that need help while away from home
From the Paper
"In ancient biblical times, the family unit was a major component for hospitality within the Judaic tribes, which made a manifest unit that was bound to be respectful to one another. This early interpretation of hospitality was often thought to have been exclusive to the tribes alone, yet there is a great deal of information that suggests there was more connection to the outer world than once thought. The primary suggestion that early tribes were isolationist is an absolute in historical studies that has been challenged due to the nature social interaction that must have occurred for human connectivity to occur. However, the majority of opinions on these ancient tribes appear to provide an insular perspective on hospitality, since the laws of the tribe may have appeared exclusive to the tribe alone. But in certain case, one can derive a certain modernity about tribal customs that deviated from this linear view:"
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