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Christian-Islam Relations, 2008.
This paper discusses the book 'The Assassin Legends: Myths of the Isma'ilis' by Farhad Daftary.
1,309 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that Farhad Daftary's 'The Assassin Legends: Myths of the Isma'ilis' represents an attempt to shine the light of critical scholarship upon one of the most enduring legends produced from the medieval encounter of Christianity and Islam: the Assassins. The writer argues that the close focus of the text upon the medieval period and the formation of legends surrounding the Nizari Isma'ilis - the Islamic sect who form the basis of the Assassin legends - is both a strength and weakness of Daftary's work. The writer maintains that while the author's disciplined focus allows him to clearly discern historical fact from the complex, interweaving narratives of medieval Muslim and Christian legends, it may be argued that many readers would have appreciated a wider discussion at some point of the significance of this "creation" of the Assassin legend in terms of the broad scope of Christian-Islam relations. The writer points out that while this may admittedly be a controversial debate, the contemporary situation offers many points of parallel with the medieval culture that Daftary explores as the birthplace of the legend of the Assassins.
From the Paper
"In this analysis, Daftary's book reveals how ignorance and misunderstanding can foster not only prejudice but also profound mistrust across cultural and religious boundaries. While Daftary's work is remarkable for its disciplined focus on discerning fact from fantasy in the creation of the legend of the "Assassins" it may be argued that the text is lacking a discussion of the implications of this process in terms of the broader history of Islamic-Christian relations."
"While Daftary's text was written published in 1994, in 2007 we are faced with an engagement between Muslim and Christian worlds with striking echoes of the medieval context explored by Daftary. In place of the "Old Man of the Mountain" we have the legendary figure of Osama bin Laden, secure in his secret lair in the mountains of Pakistan/Afghanistan, and committed to training and sending followers willing to die to perform their missions. A critical reader of Daftary's text would likely be struck by these parallels, and wonder at the extent to which medieval legends has helped shape modern media narratives of the encounters of Islamic and Christian worlds."
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Life in A Sinhalese Village, 2008.
This paper paints a picture of the society in a Sinhalese village, Sri Lanka.
702 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 25.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the ritual practices common in Sinhalese villages, specifically, the art of "devil dancing". The paper points out the Sinhalese respect and fear for the unknown and abstract. The paper looks at the disparity in formal education systems, the role of family in Sinhalese society and the contested role of women.
Outline:
Ritual Practices-The Devil Dance
Formal Education
Kinship
The Independent Woman
From the Paper
"A large majority of the people of Sri Lanka pratice Buddhism or a synthesis of Buddhism and Hindusim. But throughout history, folk cults stemmed from cultural traditions with beings and deities of supernatural powers that influence day-to-day lives of the people have also been integrated into the Buddhist practices of Sinhalese villages (Baker 39). A great deal of emphasis is placed upon the complex and elaborate rituals needed to pacify evil spirits and to appease the benevolent deities. Although this practice is not condoned by the Buddhist temples, there is a large following of these rituals, especially in the Sinhalese villages."
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Horace Grant Underwood, 2008.
This paper looks at American Presbyterian minister Horace Grant Underwood as missionary in Korea.
1,284 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the American Presbyterian minister Horace Grant Underwood's profound effect on Korean society to which he went on mission in 1884. The paper describes how Underwood strove for a long-term, practical role that was suitable for Korea.
From the Paper
"The Korea to which Underwood went in 1884 faced grave political instability, which helped open it to missionaries. Earlier, Korea had persecuted missionaries, the earliest of whom were Catholic priests.4 By the 1880s, however, the political situation compelled a change in attitude. Korea was a weak and poverty stricken nation, and her neighbors, China and Japan were competing to reduce her to colonial status. Recognizing his nation's vulnerability, a progressive Korean diplomat urged the king to open relations with the United States. He argued that with its democratic traditions and its comparative isolation from Korea, America might be an ideal patron for Korea."
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Islamic Architecture, 2008.
A brief history of Islamic architecture.
1,518 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how Islamic architecture is comprised of four main types of structures historically that have been dominant throughout its history. It looks at how these four types of structures include the mosque, fort, palace and tomb, all of which have undergone changes in architectural style, but that remained uniquely Islamic because of the symbolic importance that the Islamic people placed on elements of these structures. Noted architecture includes the Ka'ba, Taj Mahal and the Alhambra.
From the Paper
"The Ka'ba is considered to be the first true Islamic structure and it is identified as such in the Qu'ran ("Ka'ba"). The Ka'ba was erected in Mecca after Muhammed successfully gained control of the city. It was built expressly for prayer and is believed to be one place on earth in which every soul that enters it knows safety through God's presence. Muhammed dedicated the structure to Islam; however, it contained evidence of the most critical figures of the history of the time ("Ka'ba"). These figures were Jesus, Mary and Abraham. It was not until centuries later that the use of earthly forms would be forbideen in Islamic structures because of the belief that these structures were rerpresentative of God, not man. "
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The Dalai Lama and Howard Cutler's "The Art of Happiness", 2007.
This paper is a critical analysis of "The Art of Happiness" by the Dalai Lama and Howard Cutler.
1,860 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that the Dalai Lama and Howard Cutler's "The Art of Happiness" integrates, dilutes and distorts the message of traditional Buddhism to make it more accessible to Western readers and Buddhism-enthusiasts. The author points out that this book was written to give Cutler the opportunity to boil down the Buddhist teachings of the Dalai Lama so that they only deal with pursuing happiness and then to present those teachings through a lens of Western education and intellectual training. The paper stresses that Cutler's express purpose is not to provide readers with access to Buddhism as a religious and spiritual tradition. The author underscores that the book fails to impress upon readers that it has taken the Dalai Lama a lifetime of study and training through a traditional Buddhist education to achieve happiness and peace.
From the Paper
"For instance, at the start of Chapter 8: 'Facing Suffering', the story of Kisagotami, a woman who lived during the Buddha's lifetime, is presented. Kisagotami suffered the loss of her only child, only to be taught by the Buddha that her suffering was not unique but rather was a part of the lives of every living person. In a fashion typical of the book, Cutler doesn't use this example to launch into a discussion of how traditional Buddhism teaches that all life is suffering and that is only through Enlightenment that one can transcend this world and the endless cycle of rebirth. Instead, he fixates on the material component of the parable ..."
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Narnia and Spirituality, 2008.
This paper provides an analysis of "The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe" by C.S. Lewis.
2,066 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the recent release of the blockbuster film, "The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe" has called attention to the prevalence of Christian themes that are present in the novel and its movie adaptation. This paper explores the history of the novel and looks at author C. S. Lewis' rationale for writing it following the close of the Second World War. In doing so, the relevance of the book is identified, especially in terms of Lewis' themes of appropriate government appointed by God.
Outline:
Introduction
Background
Summary of the Novel
Themes within the Novel
Topical Relevance of the Novel
From the Paper
"While the themes of Christianity are present throughout the novel, Lewis also incorporates political themes as well. However, it is important to note that there is no real separation of these. There is a profound social order described in the novel in which humanity and animals co-exist and are equals, but the human is the only creature that has the ability to maintain control over the governing processes of the community. This creates a certain degree of confusion for the reader: how is it possible for humans and animals to be equals, but humans are nevertheless designated as the appropriate rulers of Narnia? Moreover, how is it possible for animals that are equal to humans to allow themselves to be enslaved by another force, even though they prove in the subsequent battle that they are capable of putting up a ferocious fight? These issues are resolved only if it is accepted that Aslan is the sole source responsible for determining social order and appropriate governance."
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Teachers' Attitudes Towards Gay Students, 2006.
A discussion of the attitude of Roman Catholic school teachers and their approach to their homosexual students.
1,015 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the role of the Roman Catholic school teacher in the life of the young gay student by reviewing three books on this topic: "Educating for Life - a Spiritual Vision for Every Teacher and Parent" by Thomas Groome, "Fully Alive - a Family Life Education Program" by Ontario Conference of Catholic Bishops and " The Courage to Teach - Exploring the Inner Landscape of a Teacher's Life" by Parker Palmer. The paper discusses how a teacher needs to appreciate a gay student as someone who may struggle with a sense of being different, help the child to speak openly about worries, and be able to answer questions a child may have concerning this special status and Church teachings. The writer notes that many teachers do not know that the Roman Catholic schools accept gay or lesbian students as people to be helped in their adjustments, understood for what may be greater depression or confusion as part of adolescence, and given the same message as other students to do with sexuality and chastity. The writer points out that there are prejudices about homosexuality in the minds of various people who believe they are good Catholics. The writer concludes that teachers and parents need to be educated about the Roman Catholic stand on homosexuality and be able to interpret this to the child.
From the Paper
"Parker J. Palmer's volume, The Courage to Teach - Exploring the Inner Landscape of a Teacher's Life, directs an open heart as the way to effective teaching. (1998) Particularly interesting has been Palmer's view of the teacher as a person who must learn from others, the heart gaining from what may not conform with one's views. This seems important in a parochial school setting if one is to respond to students who do not fit with Roman Catholic ideas of normal childhood. For instance, the Roman Catholic view of homosexuality involves awareness of gay students that will be met in parochial schools. This issue will challenge some teachers to examine their opinions and biases to do with homosexuality, at large, because the teacher must be able to provide what a gay student needs within school settings."
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The Intelligent Design Theory, 2008.
An analysis of the intelligent design theory and its flaws in proving the existence of God.
1,554 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the intelligent design theory of deistic faith. It suggests that it is a teleological argument that is constructed from a basic argument from design perspective. The paper discusses the finer points of the design argument and concludes that the argument from design is a fundamentally flawed approach to the question of the existence of God.
From the Paper
"Worse for the position, not all things in the universe express any order whatsoever. The galaxies may be ordered groups of starts, but what about galactic nubulae, of which there are many more but which are significantly less ordered than spiral galaxies. The level of complexity is different for these two types of celestial organization making it difficult to comprehend when an object's behavior constitutes orderliness and when it does not. Add to this the fact that some entities in the universe are actually becoming less ordered with time--like the Sun, which is progressively breaking down over billions of years--and the notion that universe was designed to create order becomes even flimsier. It becomes difficult, or even outright impossible, to accept the argument from design perspective without a degree of faith that the designer exists in the first place. We begin to wonder whether or not proponents of this position postulated a designer to explain the ordered universe or if they have miraculously manifested a uniformly ordered universe in order to justify a belief in a divine designer."
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"Epperson v. Arkansas", 2008.
This paper examines the "Epperson v. Arkansas" case that claimed the statute privileging creationism and banning evolution was a violation of the Establishment Clause of the United States Constitution.
993 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
The paper provides a brief synopsis of the 1968 case, "Epperson v. Arkansas," which challenged the constitutionality of a state law forbidding the teaching of evolutionary theory. The paper outlines the arguments put forward by both sides of the case, details both positive and negative reactions to the outcome and describes the decision of the Supreme Court. The paper ultimately concludes that the ruling was just and in keeping with the letter and spirit of the Establishment Clause.
From the Paper
"Few areas of jurisprudence are more controversial than matters involving the proper relationship between religion and public policy. In fact, rarely has this tension been more apparent than in the controversial case of Epperson v. Arkansas whereby the constitutionality of a state law privileging creationism while banning evolution was brought before the Supreme Court. The statute in question which sparked the controversy was challenged in 1968 by Susan Epperson, an Arkansas high school teacher who challenged the statute as a violation of the Establishment Clause of the United States Constitution. According to the court record, Epperson instituted her action first in the Chancery Court of Arkansas, seeking a declaration from the court that the statute was void while enjoining the State of Arkansas and defendant officials from dismissing her from her job for violating the terms of the statute."
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Suicide in America, 2008.
This paper evaluates the ethics and morality of suicide within modern American society.
1,210 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This study examines the ethical and moral arguments that support or decline the validity of suicide within modern American society. By examining the role of assisted suicide for suffering patients, the autonomy of a person's own body argues that the law has no right to interfere with the rational taking of one's own life. In contrast, the writer maintains that the morality of the law often denies a person's self-autonomy due to the religious and ethical background of the American legal apparatus. In essence, these two contradicting points of view are analyzed within this ethical and moral evaluation of suicide in modern American society.
From the Paper
"Although the law makes it possible for a person to terminate life with the consent of a family member, the issue of self-autonomy and the right to life is deferred on religious morality and within the criterion of the Hippocratic Oath that many doctors adhere to in their medical code of ethics. These are the major factors that define how American law perceives suicide and how it can be dine within the parameters of social morality and ethical standards. Often, the basis of religious or medical ethics provide the legal standards that often enforce a lack of self-autonomy on the part of patient's to choose their own suicide. By understanding the basis of law, one can now examine the counter arguments for suicide that detail the right to live or die through a person's own bodily autonomy."
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Equity for Gay Students, 2008.
This paper discusses equity in education, and social justice as it relates to gay students.
2,248 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that a commitment to equity in education means a commitment to social justice, which has been an important slogan of the Ontario Ministry of Education for more than 10 years. While one is accustomed to such references applied to the advancement of women or visible minorities, the same general ideal is to apply to persons who are gays or lesbians during their experiences of education. The writer notes that this may be difficult for various schools and educators to assimilate with regard to students who are not heterosexual or espouse support for gay and lesbian fellow students, and notably in Roman Catholic settings that have not been influenced pervasively by contemporary Roman Catholic views on homosexuality, at large. However, the writer maintains that more Ontario Ministry statements on equity and social justice can be expected to refer to matters of gender and sexual orientation in the next years, part of a general social adjustment meant to fully include gay or lesbian persons. The writer concludes that with regard to Roman Catholic education in Ontario one recognizes the need to see equity as social justice realized in more schools' approaches to the gay student.
Outline:
Introduction
Promoting Gay-Accepting School Cultures
Cultural and Pedagogical Lag
Equity, Social Justice and the Gay-Lesbian Student
Skeletons in the Closet
Concluding Remarks
From the Paper
"The presence of a few gay or lesbian students should be accepted by those who work in Roman Catholic high schools, at the very least, and with teachers and guidance counselors prepared to counsel occasional students to report questions concerning homosexuality including those to state that they realize they are gay. A pastoral message of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops addressed the needs of the parents of gay or lesbian children in a manner demonstrating the hierarchy's acceptance of this phenomenon and the first reactions adults may have to the news that a child is not heterosexual. The general approach is one instructing adults to accept the person who is different, seeing that the person feels supported and does not succumb to depression, alienation or the dangers of these results, directing counseling so that the person does not feel rejected. The general suggestion is that homosexuality is not condemned as much as its lifestyle that may indeed take form if a child is ostracized. In the last years, the Roman Catholic Church has supported research into homosexuality as a human condition and in awareness of gay and lesbian persons who may become vagrant, addicted to drugs or an uncaring promiscuity, if they are rejected by their families and friends."
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Women and Religion, 2008.
A comparative analysis of the limited rights of women in Islam and Judaism.
707 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 25.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how studying and analyzing Abrahamic religions such as Judaism and Islam confirms that, within these religions, women were believed to be inferior to men, had very limited rights, and were expected to be completely subservient. It looks at how over the centuries, the rights of Jewish women have been gradually recognized and acknowledged and how, in contrast, in most Islamic societies, women are still considered inferior to men and still have very limited rights.
From the Paper
"The limited rights of women in Abrahamic faiths is reflected in the Old Testament trend of gender bias, which was established immediately in the Book of Genesis, when Eve was portrayed as someone whose only reason for existence was to be Adam's companion and helpmate and to keep him from being lonely. The author or authors of the Book of Genesis then proceeded to depict Eve as a gullible creature who defied God and provoked Adam to do the same, thus ruining their blissful life in the Garden of Eden. By blaming all of the consequences of this act on Eve, and through her on all women, the ancient Jewish religious authorities established what they considered justification for restricting the rights of women. "
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"The Samurai", 2008.
A review of the theme and the historical context of "The Samurai," written by Shusaku Endo.
2,022 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes and reviews the novel "The Samurai," written by Shusaku Endo. The paper provides the historical background that the novel is based on and discusses the context in which it was written. It describes the themes and plot of the book and discusses some of the points of view revealed in review articles related to "The Samurai."
From the Paper
"After the ill-fated expedition to Rome, by the time Hasekura returned to Japan, the period known at the Tokugawa shogunates had begun. The shoguns and the samurai warrior class saw no merit in Western culture, and no need to expose themselves to any aspect of it. They closed off the West and they barred Christianity because Christianity offered any idea the shogunates feared: social mobility, no matter how unworldly, no matter how limited. The shoguns and the samurai maintained a society of defined and rigidly fixed class lines. In a nation of some 30 million, the two million Samurai held brutal power, this class open only by birth to a samurai family. Social mobility was non-existent. Each person had an allotted place and stayed in it."
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Saint Peter and the Saint Peter's Basilica, 2008.
This paper discuses Saint Peter, his deeds and the architecture and symbolism of Saint Peter's Basilica.
2,230 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Basilica of Saint Peter in Rome reflects the acts of Saint Peter, serves as a model for all the great Churches in Italy and provides a deep historical and religious framework for Christianity. The author points out that Saint Peter is one of the most significant icons of the New Testament. The paper notes that the first Basilica of Saint Peter, finalized in 324 and which was designed in the form of a cross, became worn through the ages and reconstruction was inevitable. The author explains that reconstruction of the new Saint Peter's Basilica, begun in 1503, involved Donato Bramante, who implemented a Greek style cross design, followed by Antonio da Sangallo, who added the Baroque features to the interior, Michelangelo, who contributed his awesome dome, and Bernini, who designed in 1667 the square directly outside the Basilica.
Table of Contents:
Saint Peter's Profile
The Deeds of Saint Peter
Saint Peter's Burial
History of Saint Peter's Basilica
Architecture of Saint Peter's Basilica
The Deeds of Saint Peter Reflected in Architecture
From the Paper
"Jesus christened Peter with the name, Cephas. In translation, Cephas means 'The Rock'. The inference of this name clearly describes the role that Saint Peter played as a primary leader during Jesus' life. As a disciple, Peter witnessed a great deal of miracles and promoted the salvation of Christianity through example. Along with apostles James and John, Saint Peter remained close to Jesus and advised him on many issues. Peter was present for many of Jesus' trials and miracles, documented as the main apostle at Jesus' transfiguration, the revival of Jairus's daughter from the dead and the Agony of the Garden of Gathsemane."
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Spiritual Needs of Patients, 2008.
This paper examines the article "The Spiritual Needs of Hospitalized Patients" by Ruth Davidhizar, Gregory A. Bechtel and Edna J. Cosey.
848 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
In this paper the writer examines an article which delves into the troublesome topic of how nurses should address the spiritual needs of hospitalized patients. The paper explores the article, briefly synthesizes it and re-defines the issue from the point-of-view of this writer and not simply from the point-of-view of the authors in question. Finally, the paper looks at what spirituality means for the "typical" client system and who it may very well privilege. The writer concludes that the review clearly shows that nurses must be sufficiently cosmopolitan to ensure that spiritual or religiously zealous individuals are given the comfort of knowing that their God or way of worship will not be ridiculed by someone placed in a position of authority and trust.
From the Paper
"The following paper outlines why it is important for any nurse or clinician to understand and appreciate the spiritual needs of patients. More especially, many people in America's highly-diverse society permit religion to play a key role in their health care. Beyond that, it seems intuitive to argue that someone who is spiritually devout is also someone who will find psychological and emotional peace and comfort the instant it is realized that those treating them during a difficult period acknowledge and respect their desire to turn to faith as one means of getting through the pain and uncertainty. Should this respect be granted, it is hard to escape the conclusion that nurses will find those under their care more accommodating and receptive - and their loved ones also more accommodating and receptive."
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James Scarth Gale, 2008.
An analysis of the life of James Scarth Gale and a review of the biography os his life, "James Scarth Gale and his History of the Korean People," written by Richard Rutt.
718 words (approx. 2.9 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 25.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews Richard Rutt's biography of James Scarth Gale, entitled "James Scarth Gale and his History of the Korean People." The paper begins by providing a background of James Gale and his development into a missionary to Korea. It then review the style of Rutt's writing and the content of his work and concludes that Rutt's biography of James Scarth Gale makes for interesting reading.
From the Paper
"This book contains some additional vagaries, which in part took away from the overall experience of reading it. For whatever reason, Rutt chooses not to capitalize the names of religions, making them "presbyterian," "catholic," or "buddhist." He also refuses to capitalize the Roman numerals that he uses to identify Bible verses. In addition, after a certain point in the book, Rutt alternately refers to Gale as "Gale" and "Dr Gale." Although these things area all relatively minor, they are distractions that required the reader to adapt to reading Gale's biography, rather than allowing immediate immersion into the text."
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"Paradise Lost" by John Milton, 2007.
An examination of John Milton's strong prejudice against women in his epic poem "Paradise Lost".
3,119 words (approx. 12.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 90.95
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Abstract
This paper examines whether John Milton was a misogynist by analyzing his epic poem "Paradise Lost". It discusses how his experiences with women, such as the fiasco of his marriage to Mary Powell, must have had some impact on him. The writer also looks at the time in which Milton lived, the 17th century, which was a time of enormous sexism, and analyzes his hatred for women in this context. The writer concludes that although Milton's Eve is a pathetic, slave-like creature, there is not enough evidence to conclude that Milton was a misogynist and suggests that perhaps Milton was no more (or less) than a man of his time.
From the Paper
"John Milton's Paradise Lost is one of the greatest works of English literature. Many people have commented on it, and argued about it. One of the aspects that people have been interested in, is how Milton portrays women. Does Milton hate women, or look down on them? Is Milton a misogynist? This essay examines the evidence, and finds that Milton did look down on women - but this was normal for a man of his time. In short, he was not so much a misogynist, as a man of his time."
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Mecca and Madinah, 2008.
An analysis of the roles of Mecca and Madinah in the history of Islam.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the roles that the cities of Mecca and Madinah play in Islamic history. It argues that the migration (hijra) from Mecca to Madinah is, after the revelation of the Qur'an itself, the critical event in early Islamic history. The paper suggests that the establishment of the Islamic community in Madinah proved critical to Muhammad's campaign for the acceptance of God's message in Arabia and was to be the foundation for the subsequent expansion of the Islamic community throughout the region in later years.
From the Paper
"Of course, under the economic system of Muhammad's Madinah such tolerance came with an important price. The nonbelievers under this system were required to pay tribute to the state in the form of a poll tax (jizya) in exchange for their being protected by Muslims from external aggression and in lieu of their serving in the military service of the Islamic state. These non-believers in the state - termed "protected ones" (dhimmi) - thus played an important economic role although, it must be said, the poll tax was often lower than that which they paid to their previous rulers (Esposito 34)."
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"The Last Temptation of Christ", 2008.
An analysis of the role of Mary Magdalene in the film "The Last Temptation of Christ," by Martin Scorcese.
1,582 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the dualistic roles of spirituality and sensuality for Mary Magdalene in the film "The Last Temptation of Christ," by Martin Scorcese. It shows how the central role of Mary Magdalene provides a realistic balance of spiritual and sensual in the male characters of this film, uniting the human and divine elements within the male characters of Scorcese's controversial film.
From the Paper
"In conclusion, the character Mary Magdalene provides the key link to dualistic roles of sensuality and spirituality in Martin Scorcese's The Last Temptation of Christ. Throughout the film Scorcese constructs Mary's character as a symbol of earthly desire and the inner workings of spirituality that unite man with God. By advocating the realities of Christ's desire for Mary, the film portrays her as a woman that has seen the horrors of sexual sublimation, but it is tempered through Christ's equally excessive spirituality. This is the unity between man and woman that is made possible by Mary's major role in the film as the balance between heaven and Earth. This is how Mary represents the balance of Sensuality and spirituality within the last Temptation of Christ by martin Scorcese."
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