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Information and Intelligence, 2008.
This paper discusses the reformation of the American intelligence system.
853 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
The paper describes the modifications in the organizational structure of agencies and bodies that allowed non-military staff to become part of the intelligence system. The paper explains that the implication of the non-military personnel as well as the use of additional, unconventional sources of information provide for a better acquisition and utilization of intelligence.
From the Paper
"The system of information and intelligence is essential for the defense of the national interest both inside the borders and outside, in the conduct of foreign policy. The US is from this point of view one of the most powerful forces in terms of secret services and espionage.
"The reformation of the intelligence system was vital for the maintenance of this status and for the continuous defense of the freedom and security of the American people. In this sense, there had been numerous attempts to establish a system that would address both the fears of the people, without endangering their civil liberties. The National Security Act of 1947, the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 and the Protect America Act of 2007 all tried to keep the pace at which new threats and challenges facing national security evolved."
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Intelligence Failures, 2008.
A look at events in history that have been influenced by intelligence failures.
1,089 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how intelligence operations are essential for the conduct of foreign policy as well as the protection of the national territory and the preservation of homeland security. The paper explains that since gathering intelligence involves people and is difficult to control, there is always the possibility of failure, as in the Cuban Missile crisis, World War II events that took place at Pearl Harbor and the 9//11 attacks on the World Trade Center.
From the Paper
"One of the moments in contemporary history which is considered to have been influenced by intelligence failure was the Cuban Missile crisis during the Kennedy Administration. More precisely, reports following the actual crisis underlined the lack of proper interpretation of the information on the deployment of the soviet missiles in Cuba which spurred the crisis.
"I chose this particular example because I consider it to be a milestone in the information gathering process seeing the evolution from the pre World War II era (Rohwer, 1999) and, at the same time, it marked an important event in the Cold War era. Following the World War, policies modernized, due to the influx of technology and the increase in the operability of the staff engaged in secret data gathering."
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The U.S. Intelligence Community, 2008.
This paper discusses the future of the U.S. intelligence community.
920 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the U.S. intelligence community has always been an interesting topic among those interested in politics and how it relates to terrorism. This has been particularly the case since the 9/11 attacks. The writer discusses that while the government refuses to relax its stranglehold upon citizens and non-citizens alike, opponents have been increasingly critical of the lack of focus and general incompetence of the U.S. community. The writer then assertst that,
whichever one's view, the most important fact in developing this view is to regard the issue without an excess of emotion, and with critical attention. The writer concludes that the United States of America has the resources and the power to reinvent itself and to be better for each citizen than it has ever been before. In order to do this, official agencies should start to think in a broader sense again.
From the Paper
"The Intelligence Community has handled the terrorism issue in such a way that, rather than protect the country, it is slowly suffocating its citizens from the inside. Rather than targeting real problem areas, citizens are being harassed while they are told it is for their own good. The worst is that some citizens believe this and even actively endorse the Intelligence Community in its efforts to completely eradicate freedom and the right to privacy. Indeed, intelligence efforts are spinning out of control, as officials find themselves above the law, and licensed to whatever they wish in the name of the war on terrorism. Freedom, democracy, and basic human rights are completely forgotten."
"Other questionable practices perpetrated by the Intelligence Community and particularly by the CIA, is lobbying. Indeed, it uses its connections with certain groups in order to gain public favor for the agency and for issues it wishes to advocate."
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Patriot Act, 2008.
This paper discusses and argues against the Patriot Act.
1,843 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper relates that the Patriot Act is perhaps the most controversial piece of legislation in the United States today. The paper explains that any debate that the Act destroys the liberty and equality that are the country's very foundations while others feel that the Act provides the citizens of the United States with security, and that for this, it is necessary to give up some freedom. Indeed, these arguments use, as their basis, the preservation of the "American" way of life. The writer then argues that, ironically, this way of life is the very thing being threatened by the legislation. The writer concludes that the Patriot Act does more harm than good as it harms freedoms and tolerance that have been cultivated over many stormy centuries in the country's history.
Outline:
Background
Pros and Cons
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In the view of many citizens, the hasty inception of the Act is a result of the imminent terrorist threat that loomed in the wake of September 11. However, far more sinister forces than a government that has the well-being of its country at heart, are involved. Indeed, most will be surprised to find that several of the provisions especially relating to electronic surveillance, were proposed before the attacks. These received heavy criticism before the disaster, but afterward were included in the Act without question.
"One of the political reasons for the quick introduction of the Patriot Act was the actions of Attorney General John Ashcroft. Under his authority, Congress had only one week for the decision to pass the bill without changing its content. The Attorney General heightened the political anxiety level by warning that further attacks were likely to be imminent. Hence, even with changes and improvements, the Patriot Act was introduced much sooner than it should have been, and with much less debate. Indeed, many of the improvements were overridden by the hasty negotiations necessary to pass the bill."
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Niccolo Machiavelli's "The Prince", 2008.
Applies strategies presented by Niccolo Machiavelli in his classic "The Prince" to modern business.
2,085 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Niccolo Machiavelli's "The Prince" offers a scientific code of action, which distinctly covers axioms for leadership and the leadership process that are relevant today in the business environment. The paper also points out, however, that there are temporal limitations affecting certain validities of Machiavelli's work, especially around his acceptance of war to answer all problems and his belief that all men are evil. Nevertheless, the paper concludes that the concepts that Machiavelli details in his book can be used to motivate an organization's employee, to find ways by which employee productivity can be increased, and to find strategic actions by which the leader's strategic vision can be developed on the market, towards reaching a high level of profitability and, generally, towards increasing the performances of the company.
From the Paper
"Both today and in Machiavelli's times, a cost opportunity evaluation would have helped the decision making process. In using in-house activities, you are able to follow more closely on the production process and better coordinate it. The employees are likely to be more committed in their "fight", to pay more attention to detail and perform better. On the other hand, you cannot use them for other activities, you are limited in your range of activities (as in Machiavelli's times, you took these people away from their fields, for example)."
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A Third National Political Party, 2008.
Asks the question if the U.S. is ready for a real third national political party.
930 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper wonders if, given the similarity of all the candidates for U.S. President in both parties, it is time for a third party candidate who has an actual chance of winning rather than just splitting the votes so another candidate can win. The author presents arguments in favor of a major third party including that the parliamentary approach to government in other countries is superior to the two party system in the United States. The paper concludes that a viable third party is impossible not because of the high costs and media support critical in an election but because of the problem of the mindset of the voters who see a third party as only speaking for a niche group.
From the Paper
"Second, does America represent a democracy when only two parties are running, and these individuals are chosen by a select few? When anyone else who wants to run does not have a chance of being heard unless he/she has millions of dollars (or backing of well-to-do-supporters) and the media? And when anyone who desires to hold a high position has to have been around long enough to have shared political favors with a number of prominent individuals?"
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Impact of Federal Minimum Wage Increase, 2008.
This paper is a literature review on the effects of the recent federal minimum wage increase.
2,416 words (approx. 9.7 pages), 20 sources, APA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the hotly debated validity of raising the minimum wage. Specifically, the paper looks at how experts on both sides cannot agree on the real effects that raises in the minimum wage have had or will have in the future, on managerial decision making. For the most part the consensus among economists is that it will either create a wash for the employee or hurt the employee, and that it will have at least some effect on managerial decisions, including such things as reducing non-cash benefits, increasing work loads to match new labor costs or reducing the number of new hires that occur. Furthermore, the paper states that the question of Kansas is even more marginal, as the adoption of such a wage increase will likely severely change the face of small business decisions in the state.
From the Paper
"Employment of entry level workers is an essential aspect of economic growth, especially in small businesses as they comprise a majority of businesses and hire a significant portion of entry level workers. Any real reduction in entry level employment, especially among people who are likely to need experience, but are frequently still in a position of being sheltered by family, such as the lowest age group noted here, will severely hinder their ability to move forward as members of a growing economy and may delay independence and even college attendance. More vulnerable individuals in this demographic, those not being sheltered by family still, are likely to then become lost in a system that does not offer comprehensive unemployment insurance to wage earners that have not paid enough into the system yet. Another researcher would like to point out the particular vulnerability of the disabled worker, as if cost-benefit ratios are the exclusive tool for deciding who to hire for an entry level job those with the perceived lowest level of production abilities, i.e. the disabled will be less likely to obtain work. (Lehmann, 2006, p. 50) These people, including young adults, teenagers the disabled and minorities are then relegated to become not only the working poor as they were before but are now in a position to have to ask for even more help elsewhere, such as welfare, a system that has also been severly reduced in the last few years with reforms. (Lehmann, 2006, p. 50) (Burkhauser, Couch & Wittenburg, 2000, p. 16)"
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David Kessler's "A Question of Intent", 2008.
A review of David Kessler's book about the use of factual data and public policy, "A Question of Intent".
975 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that David Kessler's book "A Question of Intent" demonstrates how even something apparently objective, like factual data regarding science and human health, is still open to subjective interpretation and influence in the political arena. The paper points out that, during his tenure from 1990 to 1997 at the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Kessler created more aggressive agency policies in regards to tobacco regulation, food labeling and prescription drug approval. The paper then relates that, in his book, Kessler explains how and why he chose to take a more proactive regulatory role in regards to the agency's responsibilities overseeing the health of the American public.
Table of Contents:
Public Policy--"A Question of Intent"
Incident 1: Big Tobacco
Incident 2: Food (mis) Labeling
Incident 3: Drugs
From the Paper
"Although American consumers might like to think they have grown savvier about reading food labels and understanding food misleading food advertising, Kessler was one of the first FDA heads to realize that apparently innocuous labels could contain a great deal of misinformation because of the way they were marketed, and only contain accurate information if consumers interpreted the 'fine print' hidden in an inaccessible fashion on the label. He required food manufacturers to stop calling processed foods fresh if they had been made with frozen tomatoes or orange juice made from concentrate."
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Defining Leadership: Hillary Clinton, 2008.
An analysis of the leadership traits exemplified in Hillary Clinton.
1,836 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses three factors that define leadership and the traits that are associated with them. The author then examines Hillary Clinton and her leadership, and demonstrates how she possesses these traits and has shown herself to excel in all three areas of leadership.
From the Paper
"Another trait that defines Hillary is her compassion; this has manifested itself in almost all of her policy decisions. Hillary, as one of the most powerful lawyers in the United States as well as the first lady of Arkansas, launched and spearheaded many different initiatives to improve children education and healthcare. While serving as the First Lady of the United States, she pushed for a national level "universal health care system". These are all emblematic of her compassion for others. Compassion is one of the lynch pins for her leadership, because it allows her supporters to sympathize and morally identify with her causes. Compassion, combined with her fearless pursuit of both justice and reform, has enabled Clinton to become one of the most emblematic leaders of the United States. Personality traits such as fearlessness define a leader and impact every level of their decision making and responses."
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Torture Defined, 2008.
A descriptive essay on torture, covering the historical background and the support for and against this treatment.
2,046 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
The paper defines torture and describes the two types of torture, physical and mental. The paper elucidates on the results of torture having life-long negative emotional and psychological effects. The paper then also describes torture as the utilization or threatened utilization of mind and body altering drugs, or the threat of imminent death or severe physical or mental pain. . The paper concludes that there is ample evidence that there is little if any validity to the use of torture in actually gaining information, or making the world a safer place, in fact in the case of terrorists our own acts of hypocrisy further feed the fire of hatred for the West and all she stands for.
Outline:
Introduction
History of Torture
Support for Torture
Arguments against Torture
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The work then goes on to describe the utilization or threatened utilization of mind and body altering drugs, the threat of imminent death, or the threat of imminent death or severe physical or mental pain to another. (29) In this message the acknowledgement of the legal and social restrictions of the use of torture is not only implied but demonstratively agreed upon by the preeminent legal body of the United States. It would seem strange then that this nation and others who have taken public stands against the utilization of torture continue to keep it in their own arsenal of tactics for use against those who are perceived as threatening to the nation or the world. In fact in Levinson's introduction it is stated that at the time of the compilation and publish of the work 130 nations had ratified the United Nations Convention Against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, which went into force in 1987 some nations and organizations have spoken out individually in addition through national legislation and the ratification of other documents which are to be considered core national and international doctrines and law, and yet torture still occurs on a daily basis, and is condoned and utilized even by those nations that profess through official means to never use or condone it, including but certainly not limited to the US, Great Britain and Israel, all of who have been found in legal arenas to be guilty of it. Levinson even quotes a confessed and convicted torturer as saying that when we as a world stop speaking out against torture in official ways, we as a world will cease to be human. Of coarse this is not to say that rogue nations, terrorists and other political bodies do not also use such tactics, as can be seen in the autobiographical work, Prisoner Without a Name, Cell Without a Number, by Jacobo Timmerman. The work accounts a long ordeal of torture and imprisonment at the hands of the Argentinean government under a totalitarian regime in the 1970s. "
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Diffusing Religious - Based Tensions, 2008.
A research paper on methods of diffusing tensions between nations based on religion.
18,300 words (approx. 73.2 pages), 40 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
The paper seeks to identify effective legal approaches to diffusing religious-based tensions in states where religious and political affairs are intertwined. The paper examines scholarly and governmental literature to provide an overview of the respective legal systems of six different countries, their experiences with religious-based acts of terrorism in recent years, and what the legal systems of these countries do on their own to address these pressing issues. The paper summarizes the research and salient conclusions.
Outline:
Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of Study
Importance of Study
Scope of Study
Rationale of Study
Methodology
Overview of Study
Definition of Key Terms
Review of Related Literature
Summary and Conclusions
From the Paper
"Finally, and perhaps most regrettably of all, there appears to be an inverse relationship between how authoritarian and restrictive a society's legal system is compared to its incidence of terrorist activities. Those countries where free speech and democratic processes are well established have turned out to be the perfect place for terrorists to find accommodations while they plot acts of violence against the very same societies that allow them to operate with such impunity. How can these same social frameworks be transformed to counter these threats without sacrificing the essential elements of their society that makes them free? This question has perplexed historians, politicians and scholars, and it continues to present policymakers with a number of choices, most of which are bad - from a free society's perspective at least -- it would seem. Because the stakes are so high, there is little room for false starts or experimentation when addressing the fundamental issues involved in addressing a multifaceted and enormously volatile problem such as religious-based international terrorism. It would seem like a reasonable starting point for the respective legal systems reviewed herein would be to clean up their own acts making access to them easier for the average citizen, and to enforce the laws that are already on the books concerning conspiracy and terrorism. Placing further restrictions on a country's citizenry through the legal system only plays into the hands of terrorists who seek to foment unrest and dissatisfaction, just as the propagandists of the past and today. Yet, some limitations need to be considered on just how free a society can be and still tolerate the imposition of religious-based changes and remain a free state."
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Public Policy Implementation, 2008.
An analysis of public policy in theory and in practice.
7,674 words (approx. 30.7 pages), 18 sources, APA, $ 167.95
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Abstract
The first part of this paper defines the concept of public policy and explores how public policies are developed and implemented. The author discusses the various stages involved before a policy can be implemented and the difficulties entailed in implementation. In the second part, the author examines the practical side of public policy in a detailed analysis of Saudi Arabia's educational system and the challenges of reforming and modernizing it through public policies due to the religious nature of traditional education.
Outline
Introduction
Theoretical Aspects
Public policies in the educational system in Saudi Arabia
General Overview
Public policies in the educational system in Saudi Arabia
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Finally, due to the fact that Saudi Arabia is a rich, yet instable country, it is important to see the reasons for the lack of coherent public policies, as there are both winners and losers at the political level. In this sense, at least in the educational system, the conflicting political forces in the country tend to have a big influence over the framing of a reliable and adequate policy which would eventually lead to a reformation of the system, as intended by the current ruling Royal Family. The current debates focus especially on the differing views of the Wahhabis, which represent the religious authority in Saudi Arabia, and the Royal Family, which tends to identify itself with the trend of modernity and reformation in the country."
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Tactical Reconnaissance, 2008.
This work is a nine page comparative paper on the topic of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) versus manned aircraft in Tactical Reconnaissance.
1,840 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 20 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper compares the use of unmanned arial vehicles (UAV) versus the use of manned aircraft in military observation tactics. The paper asserts that while there are limitations in the use of the UAVs and MAVs, as technologies in this area mature the limitations that are seen in today's craft will be replaced with new applications and technologies making these crafts even more viable for use than in the present. The number one advantage of these aircrafts is the fact that lives will be saved in the tactical reconnaissance mission phases of warfare. Savings will also be seen in the cost associated with reconnaissance missions in terms of fuel, costs of the aircraft, and the other savings of support for these aircraft.
Outline:
Objective
Introduction
Review of the Literature
Findings of the Research
From the Paper
"The application that is most important in use of the UAV is clearly the avoidance of human beings in flight during reconnaissance missions better handled by unmanned vehicles. The goals set out by the DAPO development program in terms of 'airborne communications node reconnaissance applications were stated by DAPO to be: (1) reachback to exploitations resources in the continental United States; and (2) direct dissemination to warfighter. (DAPO, 1998) DAPO states that the Information Workgroup Elements of the Global ISR Exchange includes the elements as follows:
(1) Information Consumers;
(2) Reconnaissance/Surveillance Product and Service Information Procedures;
(3) Value-added resellers;
(4) Information Brokers; and
(5) Exchange Regulators. (DAPO, 1998)
"Exchange regulators will be those responsible for establishment and enforcement of rules and regulations for operation and use of the global ISR information exchange."
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Terrorism in Afghanistan, 2008.
This paper discusses the resurgence of terrorism in Afghanistan and its repercussions for the United States and the world.
985 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
The paper explains why the U.S. began anti-terrorist activities in Afghanistan in 2002 and why United Nations forces are still in Afghanistan today. The paper discusses how terrorism against foreign forces and opposition to the current democratic government are on the rise in Afghanistan today. The paper concludes that until the government can prove that it will provide a better lifestyle for all Afghan people, bin Laden and his Taliban will continue to grow and gain the confidence of the people.
From the Paper
"Terrorism is not new to Afghanistan. The Afghan people have lived through several monarchies and regimes, and in December 1979, they were invaded by the Soviet Union. It took ten years, but insurgents and Afghan rebels defeated the Soviets in 1989. One of the insurgents who fought tirelessly against the Soviets was Osama bin Laden. He formed his al-Qaeda network to recruit and train terrorists to fight against the Soviets. After the Soviet-Afghan War ended, bin Laden returned to his home in Saudi Arabia, but continued his terrorist tactics, which eventually got him banned from his home country and began his intense hatred of the United States. He returned to Afghanistan and continued to recruit and train terrorists."
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Economic Development in Africa, 2008.
This paper is a thorough analysis of economic development issues in Africa, along with theories that may be applied to the situation.
26,070 words (approx. 104.3 pages), 49 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses economic development in Africa through leadership, along with the impact of such development. The paper first looks at many theorists, such as David Hume, Frederick Nietzsche, John Locke and Karl Marx, and how their theories relate to modern issues in Africa. The paper posits that according to these theorists, nothing has changed in Africa because the people do not want the change. However, the author asks the question: Do the people of Africa know that there is a chance for change? Have they been told, in a way that they understand, that they can work to make a difference? People must have hope for the future, and if that hope can be coupled with knowledge of things that can actually be accomplished, there is a high probability that at least some of them will attempt to do something that will improve their lives and the lives of others. The most important part of this is that these people must be aware of the possibilities, and they must also see that there are actual, realistic ways to attain what it is that they want and need. If they can be shown these things, they may move forward into the understanding that there are other ways to look at the problems and issues that they face. Furthermore, the paper then applies these theoretical statements to a case in Ethiopia in order to make suggestions of how to help the region grow stronger and how to correct some of the problems it has been seeing.
Outline:
Section I. Theory
Section II. Literature Review and Current Research Issue
Section III. Practical Application: Ethiopia
From the Paper
"Despite this, though, these countries are also growing, and this has been taking place more rapidly in recent years as society becomes more global, and as outsourcing takes place. Because these countries are starting to expand and grow, they are more interesting to investors and other business individuals. As their growth increases, so will the direct investment that many companies are making into them. In turn, this will help their growth increase still further, boosting their economies and prompting others to invest in them more strongly. Based on this, not only will the investors prosper, but the developing countries will prosper as well, and this will benefit everyone that is involved.
"This is not to say that foreign direct investment is always good, or that it completely helps every country because, with economic growth comes changes to the way that people live and work, and some of these changes are not always wanted. More people having nicer things due to a better economy, for example, can make those that still do not have much envious, which can turn them to crime and other problems. However, overall, foreign direct investment appears to be a fast-moving and growing industry that is, for the most part, providing much to individuals in developing countries. Without further study of the issue, though, this cannot completely be determined. Foreign direct investment is not always the best choice, however, and there are other ways to encourage economic growth and development for countries that are not doing well, either because of governmental problems, because of wars, or for other reasons, such as famine and disease."
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Legitimate Authority, 2008.
This paper discusses the principles of just war and legitimate authority.
733 words (approx. 2.9 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
The paper explains the principle of legitimate authority, which mandates that war cannot be waged against any government, nation or population without it first being authorized and approved by the proper legal authorities. The paper shows how the current war in Iraq and civil war in America are used as examples of this principle.
From the Paper
"One example of this policy can be seen in the United States. In America the body of Congress is able to declare war, and in fact is the only body of government with the authority to do so(Principle of Legitimate Authority http://atheism.about.com/od/warandmorality/a/jusadbellum_3.htm).
"Because Congress is comprised of many political representatives, and a majority must agree to declare war, the US public is protected from having its government go into a war without considering the consequences first."
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France's Political Process, 2008.
This paper discusses the central issues in the 2002 and 2007 French presidential elections.
3,112 words (approx. 12.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 90.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the 2002 election of Jacque Chirac to the presidency and the 2007 election of Nicolas Sarkozy. The paper explains how these two elections show that the French political process as well as national interests have changed significantly in contemporary times. The paper also discusses how the term of a presidency is shorter and how citizens are holding their president responsible for the campaign promises that they have made. In addition, the paper notes that the central issues within both elections were the ability of the government to prevent an increase in social disturbances, law and order and the downturn of the economy.
From the Paper
"The importance of the 2002 and 2007 elections lay not only in the political process, but also the issues and platforms that they championed. Since the 1980s, France has been experiencing a period of dramatic change and dynamic conflict. Unemployment since the 1980s has remained at a steady 10% regardless of numerous legislative attempts to change the unemployment circumstance. Crime has also increasing substantially in the past two decades with an incremental rise in petty and juvenile delinquency. These policies along with a growing xenophobia that results from the recent riots of 2006 as well as the growing sentiment that Muslims and immigrants from North Africa are responsible for the growing social problems greatly impacted these elections. "
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Business Entry into Thailand, 2008.
This paper looks at business entry into Thailand for a Swiss company.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that, in general, when market entry into a foreign country is considered, a company has several issues to take into consideration. The writer discusses that elements such as economic and political risk, as well as market penetration, entry methods, and foreign exchange rates need to be considered in order to successfully enter the foreign market. Thorough research is therefore necessary to establish the extent of each risk before making the entry attempt. The same is true for a Swiss-based company attempting to enter Thailand. The writer discusses that the basic problem with market entry into Thailand is the cultural and political barrier, as well as possible economic risks. The writer maintains that a solution to this can be thorough initial research of cultural differences and the consulting strategies that would appeal to the Thailand market, as well as initially entering into a limited geographical range.
From the Paper
"The Swiss and Thai markets are vastly different as a result of the fundamental cultural difference between the Western and Eastern paradigm. The Swiss consulting company should therefore invest in a thorough research strategy before attempting entry. This research should focus on the cultural paradigms and values of Thailand, as well as the marketability of the consulting service. Such research is then used to modify the service to cater to the Thailand market.
"Of course there are substantial economic costs associated with market research and service modification, particularly for a foreign market that is as vastly different from the Western market as Thailand. The first step is therefore to conduct a cost/benefit analysis on the basis of an initial market and culture research program. Furthermore, local employees can be recruited to work with Swiss employees in order to facilitate the research process. These local Thai employees can also be used in establishing the Thailand branch of the organization, and to work as liaisons between the Thai market and the Swiss company."
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Labor and Industrial Relations in South Africa, 2008.
A discussion of the impact of the unique political and socio-economic situation in South Africa on labor relations and human resource management.
771 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how South Africa's unique cultural, socio-economic, and political situation imposes difficult challenges for labor relations and human resource management. The paper explains that since the end of apartheid, the country has faced the problem of how to bring about substantive equality, including economic equality. The paper then looks at how the new South African government eschewed the redistribution approach, and instead opted to implement systematic and sometimes extreme forms of affirmative action. The paper also points out that a good example of the affirmative action policies the new South African government put in place is the Black Economic Empowerment initiative (BEE), which was established with the Broad Based Black Economic Empowerment Act in 2004. The writer believes that this initiative is a good one from a human rights perspective. However, from a human resources point of view, the challenge of this situation must be that artificially speeding up the promotion of people who have been systematically denied good education for so long, creates a danger that under-qualified people will be in management positions. The paper concludes that the problem of providing adequate training for people who have for so long been excluded from management positions is likely the biggest current problem facing human resources managers, as South Africa continues to change towards becoming a normal society.
From the Paper
"However, despite such descriptions, this initiative does primarily aim to improve the economic lot of blacks - given that it is they who suffer most from inequality. It does this with measures such as legislation and regulation, which aim among other things to put more blacks in management. For example, there is the balanced scorecard, which assesses whether there is sufficient black ownership of companies, sufficient black senior management, sufficient black human resource development and employment equity, etc. These factors are imposed as codes on state bodies, public companies and foreign investment companies. How well companies do on the score card affects vital economic factors, such as whether they are awarded contracts (Alexander, 2004)."
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