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Politics and Public Policy, 2008.
This paper evaluates how a country's public policy is impacted by the country's historical background and its population's support for the government, using India and Russia as case studies.
1,698 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper compares Russia's and India's public policy sector to illustrate the relevance of country specificities in terms of public policies and institutions, as well as the importance of historical background in framing and developing such policies and institutions. The paper demonstrates how both countries have had difficulty establishing a proper public policy sector because of their historical backgrounds, their cultural traditions, and their current political situations.
From the Paper
"The public policy sector is an important level of government in any modern country. It makes the connection between the government and the ones governed the population. In this sense it can also be considered to be a sign of democracy and of fair governance. However, there are countries in the world that have trouble in establishing and developing a proper public policy sector due to their historical background, their cultural tradition, but also their current political situation. Among such countries are India and Russia, two of the most important players on the international scene, great economic powers, and important forces in terms of the demographic aspect. A comparison between them can show both the relevance of country specificities in terms of public policies and institutions, as well as the importance of historical background in framing and developing such policies and institutions."
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Sub-prime Mortgage Crisis, 2008.
An overview of the origin and evolution of the sub-prime mortgage crisis.
2,705 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 81.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the following key questions regarding the current sub-prime mortgage crisis: Why and how did it begin? Why didn't such a crisis occur in the past in this way? What exacerbated the sub-prime mortgage crisis once it started? The paper questions whether we are at a low point, and whether things will start to look better from now on, or whether there are additional shocks to our economic system that will continue to reverberate from the sub-prime mortgage crisis of recent years. Three graphs are included with the paper.
Outline:
Introduction
Thesis
Literature Review
Sources of the Sub-prime Mortgage Crisis
Why Did Mortgage Lenders Lend to Sub-prime Customers?
What about the Ratings Agencies?
Buyers of the Securities--why did they do it?
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The Wall Street Journal warned that housing prices and associated mortgages were growing at an alarming rate as far back as the late 1990's. The primary concern was that housing prices were climbing faster than incomes, which was clearly unsustainable over the long term. Greenspan stayed quiet after his retirement at the head of the Federal Reserve until late in 2007. He said that the subprime crisis was "an accident waiting to happen." He went on to say that the subprime mortgage crisis was only one of several potential housing-related crises just waiting to happen, and that if it weren't in the US subprime market, it could be another housing-related crisis elsewhere in the world."
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OSHA Regulations in the Aircraft Cabin, 2008.
An examination of the need to implement Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations in the aircraft cabin environment.
2,418 words (approx. 9.7 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the hazards that exist for aircraft cabin crew in the workplace. It describes the need for implementing OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) regulations in the aircraft cabin environment. The paper then looks at the FAA (Federal Aviation Administration) re-authorization bill which was created with the aim of clearly establishing guidelines for safety in the cabin regarding all issues pertaining to the employee's health, safety, injury and emergency requirements.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Some Potential Hazards
OSHA Enforcement Scheme and Enforcement Issues
Some Notes on the FAA Stand
Conclusion
From the Paper
"From the facts detailed above it is clear that there exists a danger to the in-flight crew from various defects and hazards of aviation. There is no denying that injuries caused to personnel on account of tripping, falls are the major accidents to crew members is serious. The accident may be caused by slippery floors, tripping over baggage or air turbulence, fire hazards, smoke, or emissions, bacteria and fungal infections, reduced oxygen, low humidity and ozone problems with fumes, altitude and infectious diseases. As such we may say that there is discrimination for the flight crew and legal anomalies affect the enforcement and application. Power struggle and interdepartmental struggle has caused the non implementation of OSHA and it is therefore clear that there exists a need to include cabin crew into the ambit of protection. Since both the responsible agencies have failed to implement the existing regulations, it is suggested that the government form a body separately for the aviation industry. This agency must lay down rules of operation and safety of personnel for all aircraft that is registered with the US, enforcing the rules over the FAA on a statutory basis, rather than an inter-department understanding. That appears to be the only solution to this problem of not including flight staff because of bureaucratic rivalry."
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The Airline Industry, 2008.
An analysis of the economic effects of deregulation on the airline industry today.
1,973 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the elasticity of supply and demand, positive and negative externalities, wage inequalities and monetary and fiscal policies. The paper then evaluates how the economy affects the success of this industry and identifies the economic influences that can affect the industry in a negative way.
Outline:
Introduction
Elasticity of Supply and Demand
Positive and Negative Externalities
Wage Inequality
How the Economy Affects the Airlines
Economic Influences which Can Affect the Industry in a Negative Way
From the Paper
"This paper covers the airline industry in the United States, with some of the lessons learned since the start of deregulation in the 1970's to today. The airline's overall economics have changed significantly, from a government-controlled oligopoly to a free-for-all in which different airlines choose different economic strategies. Government regulation still plays a key economic role by limiting the participation of foreign investors and airlines, as well as the control on 'fifth freedoms,' which will be dealt with in this paper.
"It is this author's contention that the current airline industry is still in a state of disequilibrium which will be addressed through mergers and bankruptcies, and that a multi-tier service offering and consumer group segmentation will continue to drive competitors' strategies in different directions."
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Social Security, 2008.
This paper discusses the potential bankruptcy of the U.S. social security system.
861 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the vision behind the US social security system and explains the situation today where those retiring are fast overtaking the younger generation of employed workers. The paper considers the solution to the problem that may be looking at other ways and means of allowing the social security contributor to manage his funds the way he sees fit.
From the Paper
"For the generations of American workers in the first half of the twentieth century, the ratification of the Social Security Act was a welcome blessing. The system meant that in their twilight years when these workers retired, they would have a "nest egg" of funds that will see them through with their financial needs. . Prior to the turn of the 20th century, the majority of people in the United States lived and worked on farms and economic security was provided by the extended family. However, this arrangement changed as America underwent the Industrial Revolution. The extended family and the family farm as sources of economic security became less common. (Social Security Administration, 2001) Social Security was signed into law on August 14, 1935 by President Roosevelt."
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Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2008.
A management analysis of leadership and human resource management for the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
2,384 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a management analysis of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). It discusses the background of the CDC and their mission and goals. The paper then looks at the leadership and human resource management for the CDC and how these groups further the success of the organization. Finally, the paper discusses the CDC systems design and strategies.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Analysis of the CDC
Management of CDC
Leadership
Human Resource Management
System Design
Strategies of CDC
Partnerships
Discussion of CDC
Conclusions and Recommendations
From the Paper
"Given that it is a not for profit organization, the employees at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention receive a slightly different treatment than other company employees. As such, common to other organizations is the fact that the CDC recognizes the true importance of its staff in achieving organizational goals and sees them as the compulsory tool in achieving the stated objectives. As such, the organization strives to unify employees' individual goals with the overall objectives of the CDC. Opposite to for profit corporations, where employees are requested to increase their performances to satisfy customers needs and through this increase company revenues, the staff at CDC is requested to increase their performances in order to achieve a grater non-financial goal. This goal is to help people be and live healthy."
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Athens: Citizenship and Governance, 2008.
The paper is an examination of modern day democracy and government in Greece.
1,500 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the democratic system of modern day Greece. The author looks at a number of elements that make up the Greek democratic system and attempts to analyze their effectiveness in providing true democratic representation to the citizens of the country. The elements examined include the following: the electoral system, the civil service and its accessibility to the public, bureaucracy and the effects of Greece's geographical makeup on democratic processes.
From the Paper
"At the same time however, there was an increased need in the reorganization of the country due to the fact that it would soon join the EU in 1981. In this sense, a second layer of organization was built, the prefectures (Chlepas, 1994). This is considered to be one of the first steps towards achieving a higher degree of autonomy and local decentralization. The need for such a process was rather big, considering the fact that the regions of Greece are rather far apart and the administrative territory of the capital for instance takes into account also some remote additional territories which do not have an easy access to the administrative facilities available to for the ones in the capital."
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The United States Patriot Act, 2008.
A paper discussing the effects of the United States Patriot Act on US democracy.
1,112 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
The United States Patriot Act was passed by the Senate and the House of Representatives soon after the attacks of 9/11 and was initially designed as one of the governmental measures taken in the fight against terrorism. The author contends that the measures stipulated in the act generated massive debates over whether or not the Patriot Act abridges essential freedom. The paper examines the measures and powers given to authorities by the act. The writer discusses the effects of these measures on the United States as a democratic nation.
From the Paper
"Through the Patriot Act the US government can constantly monitor any terrorism suspect and the people that he interacts with. For example, any phone that might at one point be used by a terrorism suspect can be legally supervised indefinitely and so even those that have no relation with a terrorist suspect and simply use a public phone or accidentally come in contact with a terrorist suspect can be supervised and their phone can be monitored. The biggest concern is that the government will have easier access to personal information of any citizen and that there is no guarantee that that personal information will not be used against individuals. There is a great risk of allowing governmental agencies easy and hidden access to private information as this would permit a great amount of unwanted control of governmental agencies over private life."
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The Patriot Act, 2008.
This paper argues that the Patriot Act does not endanger the personal liberties of U.S. citizens.
805 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
The paper asserts that although there are points of the Patriot Act that seem to threaten individual freedom, the basic point of the law was to protect American citizens from further terrorist attacks. The paper argues that those who believe the Patriot Act represents a grave breaking of basic individual freedoms ignore the fact that governmental agencies cannot obtain personal data without the approval of a judge. The paper further contends that the Patriot Act does not break the privacy right stipulated in the Fourth Amendment.
From the Paper
"The Patriot Act has generated great controversy since it was signed into law on October 26, 2001. The Act was created as a form of support for the government in the fight against terrorism and it immediately passed as a law after the tragic events of September 11. The opponents of the Patriot Act argue that the law abridges essential freedom and that it allows governmental agencies the right to break basic freedoms guaranteed through the Constitution under the pretext of fighting against terrorism. They claim that every citizen can easily become a victim under this law as it broadens too much the power of governmental authorities to invade the individual freedom."
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"The Looming Tower", 2008.
A review of Lawrence Wright's book "The Looming Tower" on Islamic fundamentalism.
790 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at how Lawrence Wright in his work "The Looming Tower" explores the origins of the Islamic fundamentalist movement and its relationship to Osama bin Laden. The paper posits that Wright makes the terrorists more real to us and makes the complicated world of terrorism easy to understand.
From the Paper
"In Chapters 1 through 11, Wright make the complex workings of al-Qaeda easy to comprehend. The first half of the book traces the history of al-Qaeda back to post World War II, where the ideas of a jihad were but seeds of thought in Sayyid Qutb's mind. Wright does well to explore the main players' characters religious and political involvement. Political ideas coupled with religious persuasions help us to understand the aspirations of these men that help form the underground movement that we would later come to know as the Islamic fundamentalist movement."
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American Conservatism, 2008.
An examination of the alterations to American conservatism since the end of World War II and its direction for the future.
1,477 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces, discusses and analyzes the topic of American government. Specifically it discusses conservatism in the American political landscape. The paper discusses how American conservatism has altered drastically since the end of World War II. It then looks at the cause of this alteration and where American conservatism is headed in the future.
From the Paper
"In conclusion, conservatism in America takes many forms and ideals and blends them together to create social, political, and religious thought and action. Most conservatives do hold one tenet above all others, and that is personal liberty and responsibility. Born out of conservative roots, America may be a successful and powerful world government, with many liberal ideas and policies, but underneath it all, much of America conforms to conservative values and ideals - ideals that came to this country with the first British colonists, and have grown and flourished throughout American history."
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Extraordinary Rendition, 2008.
Investigates extraordinary rendition, which is the practice of transferring terror suspects from one country to another by means that bypass all judicial due process.
3,840 words (approx. 15.4 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 105.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the issue of extraordinary renditions used by the U.S. and the CIA to fight the War on Terror. The paper describes three types of rendition and traces the history of their use by the U.S. government from its early days to the present. The paper then contrasts the points of view of the U.S. government and human rights groups on the issue. The paper also discusses the weaknesses of this process and concludes that whether or not one agrees with the policy of renditions, it is evident that extraordinary renditions have served to weaken international law.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Types of Rendition
History of Rendition in the United States
The U.S. View Point on Extraordinary Rendition
The 'Down Side' of Extraordinary Rendition
Mistakes are Common
Ceding the High Moral Ground
Dubious Intelligence-Gathering through Torture
Effect on International Law
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In May 2004, five months after his detention, el-Masri was released after the Americans realized that he had been mistakenly identified as a terrorist because an al-Qaeda terrorist had a similar name. The manner of his release (he was blindfolded and handcuffed and let out on a lonely road in Albania) and the subsequent treatment of his lawsuit by the US courts (dismissal on the basis of national security) have received widespread condemnation from human right organizations. The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) helped el-Masri to file lawsuit in a US court against his illegal detention in December 2005."
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Karl Marx and his Theory of Alienation, 2008.
A discussion of Karl Marx's theory of alienation as it applies to a postmodern world.
2,329 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper discusess Karl Marx and his theory of alienation. It first discusses the causes of alienation and the process that occurs. The paper then specifically discusses why alienation has become a general phenomenon in the postmodern world. The paper concludes that Marx's theory of alienation is even more valid at present than it was for the contemporary situation that he tried to describe.
From the Paper
"Also, through his labor or his employment, man is obviously cut from his own activity. While a man does have a function in the modern system, he does not have direct access to the results of own work. The examples for alienation provided by the modern society are almost inexhaustible: the social and economical system is now more complicated than ever. Any work performed by an individual is now only a small part of a huge system that serves all kinds of interests. Man cannot exist as an individual outside society, since he is compelled to live and work in a certain way. More than the fact that the individual is now subjected to more and more laws, the laws are moreover abstract and impersonal and a man cannot get a personal response to any of his actions."
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Evolution of Medicare and Medicaid, 2008.
The author of the paper describes the processes and events that led to the establishment of Medicare in the United States.
1,175 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the events and processes leading to the establishment of Medicare and Medicaid in the United States in 1965 by President Lyndon B. Johnson. The author looks at events between the years 1900 through 1965 and specifically the period following the Great Depression, the Second World War and the era of the 1950s.
Outline:
Introduction
Changes During the Progressive Era
New Deal Era
Second World War
The 50s
Health Care Spending Rises Steeply
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"As social security became popular and Congress passed bills raising social security benefits in that decade, reformers were inclined to extend health insurance to social security beneficiaries, mostly elderly persons (Berkowitz 2001). Most of them had stopped paying for their employer-based health insurance and had high morbidity rates. The federal government could then come in as a health provider through what came to be Medicare. The concept of limiting federally financed national health insurance for the elderly received congressional attention in 1957 (Berkowitz)."
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Coal Mining Industry Report, 2008.
This paper examines the effects of the economy on the coal mining industry.
1,369 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses shifts and price elasticity of supply and demand, positive and negative externalities, wage inequality and monetary and fiscal policies and their impact on the coal mining industry. The paper predicts that coal production will likely rise while worker pay and employment in the coal mining industry will shrink in the next decade.
Outline:
Shifts and Price Elasticity of Supply and Demand
Positive and Negative Externalities
Wage Inequality
Monetary and Fiscal Policies
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"The coal mining industry in the United States is comprised of approximately 1,000 companies operating approximately 1,500 mines, with approximate combined annual revenue of $25 billion. Some of the larger producers are Peabody Energy, Arch Coal and Massey Energy. Over the past decade, the coal mining industry has become greatly consolidated and presently sixty-five percent of the market is owned by approximately ten companies with each company operating a single coalmine with the size of the mines varying a great deal. Larger operations produce over 1 million tons of coal annually. According to Hoover's website in the work entitled: "Industry Overview: Coal Mining" "Demand comes mainly from generators of electricity. Profitability depends on efficient operations, as the product is a commodity sold on the basis of price." (2008) "
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The Voting Rights Act of 1965, 2008.
An analysis of the impact of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 on the achievement of equality.
2,747 words (approx. 11.0 pages), 26 sources, MLA, $ 82.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the actual impact of the Voting Act of 1965 through an analysis of the theoretical aspects of the vote, the historical background of the issue, the steps that led to the signing of the Act, the controversies surrounding the issue, and its immediate consequences. The paper shows how the Act of 1965 was an important and decisive legislative creation of the US Congress.
Outline:
Theoretical Aspects of the Vote
Historical Background
The Steps and Controversies of the Voting Rights Act from 1965
Consequences
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The struggle for civil rights in America was marked throughout its history by numerous important events which in the end achieved the equality that the US Constitution defined in the 18th century. However, it was an uphill battle which demanded sacrifice and continuous activism. In order to have a more comprehensive view on the actual impact of the Voting Act of 1965 it is important to consider some theoretical aspects of the vote, the historical background of the issue, the steps that led to the signing of the Act, the controversies surrounding the issue, as well as its immediate consequences."
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World Renowned Cryptographers and Cryptanalysts, 2008.
This paper looks at the importance of cryptography during the world wars and looks at the contributions of different cryptographers.
1,052 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that cryptography was a very important element in the results of both World War I and II. The writer points out that while it has been used for centuries for a variety of purposes, cryptography in its currently known forms was first developed during the 17th century. In tracing the work of a variety of cryptographers, this paper shows each contribution during the world wars, and looks at how each success is used as a platform for future achievements in the field. The writer maintains that the pioneering work of the men and women mentioned here is instrumental in the current political climate, where intelligence gathering on terrorism is vitally important.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Fermat and Euler
Herbert O. Yardley, Pioneer during World War I
Agnes Meyer Driscoll
Decoding the Enigma
From the Paper
"Yardley's work here involved receiving encoded messages involving American government officials traveling abroad. He found his work in the Code Room thrilling, and resolved to be involved with cryptography throughout his life.
"With the outbreak of World War I in 1917, Yardley was 28 years old. He was put in charge of Military Intelligence, which required that he decode foreign messages. This was a significant point in American history, as the Intelligence Agency that Yardley set up was the first of its kind in the country. The Agency - MI-8 - proved invaluable to the country. For this, Yardley received the Distinguished Service Medal. Yardley's efforts were used as a springboard for further developments in cryptography during World War II."
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U.S. Trade Deficit, 2008.
A discussion of how the U.S. trade deficit benefits the American economy.
2,451 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 14 sources, APA, $ 74.95
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Abstract
The paper demonstrates the positive side to America's trade imbalance by showing how the trade deficit has not impeded America's growth, and has provided significant advantages for consumers, domestic companies and the American worker. The paper clarifies the effect the deficit has had on American manufacturing jobs, and reveals that, although there may be a loss of jobs, the American economy has anyway become better educated and increasingly employed in service-based businesses.
Outline:
Roots and Overview
Benefits to Consumers
Overstated Effect on American Jobs
From the Paper
"The current U.S. trade deficit stands at approximately $763.3 billion a year, and has grown considerably over the past decade, from a starting point of $108.3 billion in 1997 (Weisman, 2007). During that 10-year period, the trade deficit only failed to increase once --from 2000-2001. While America maintains a trade surplus with some nations, particularly many developing countries, its trade with other nations is so skewed that it has caused alarm among some policymakers and in the media. For example, from 1997-2007, America's trade deficit with China increased from $49.7 billion to $260 billion -- more than a five-fold increase (U.S. Census Bureau, 2007)."
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Identity Politics, 2008.
Argues against identity politics especially within the Canadian context.
850 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that, although identity politics has long been perceived as supremely important to the continued success of political and social institutions, there are indications that this approach to understanding national identity is incorrect or at least exaggerated. The author examines the role that identity politics plays in the Canadian context and concedes it may no longer be a driving consideration in the success of political and social institutions. The paper concludes that, since Canadian "uniqueness" among Western democracies is largely mythical, the decreasing importance of identity politics in Canada points to a larger shift among Western democracies towards societies in which unity of identity is no longer the crucial factor in the success of the state.
From the Paper
"Despite this, Canada as a nation has not crumpled or torn itself apart via internal strife and division. The nation's political and social institutions have been as successful as ever even as identity politics has become increasingly banal and multi-level, fluid identities have proliferated. The obvious conclusion that can be drawn from this social and political reality is that identity politics is no longer the defining factor in determining the success of a nation. For instance, despite consistently failing to identify themselves as Canadian instead of Quebecois, that particular subgroup still utilizes and participates in Canadian social and political institutions."
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