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Genetically Modified Foods, 2008.
An exploration of the stakeholders of genetically modified foods and their concerns.
1,654 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the range of stakeholders regarding genetically modified foods and examines the strategies used to address their concerns. The paper also explores the role of international organizations such as the World Trade Organization (WTO). The paper concludes that although technologies for genetically modified foods offer dramatic promise for meeting some of the greatest challenges of the 21st century, levels of decision-making and legislation often serve as a deterrent to their implementation.
Outline:
Introduction
Stakeholders at the National, International and Local Levels (Government & Non-Government)
Strategies and Levels of Decision Making
Examples of Legislation Related to Genetically Modified Foods
Areas in which Stakeholders Agree and Disagree
The Role of International Organizations
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The world's population is predicted to double in the next 50 years and ensuring an adequate food supply for this booming population is already a challenge. Scientists hope to meet that challenge through the production of genetically modified food plants that can help in warding off starvation as the world's population grows. As a result, in the past few years genetically modified (GM) foods have become the target of intense controversy, as competition among different stakeholders increase."
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Mercury in Seafood, 2008.
This paper explores whether the high mercury levels in shellfish and seafood are harmful to humans.
3,209 words (approx. 12.8 pages), 17 sources, APA, $ 92.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses current government advisories that suggest limiting the consumption of certain fish because of high levels of mercury. The paper also discusses, however, how shellfish and seafood are an important part of a healthy diet. The paper addresses the risks that shellfish and seafood pose to the average US citizen and reveals that there is conflicting and biased evidence as to the actual risk involved. The paper concludes, therefore, that fears over fish consumption are exaggerated, but one should still follow government advisories regarding fish consumption.
Outline:
Abstract
Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 2: Literature Review
Chapter 3: Conclusions and Recommendations
From the Paper
"Since the 1800s people have been aware that fish contain high levels of mercury (Ferguson, 2005). The harmful effects of high levels of mercury in the human body have been known for many years as well. Recently, there has been a rash of media hype about the dangers of mercury to the developing fetus and to small children. This has led to suggestions that the public avoid consumption of certain shellfish and seafood above certain levels. However, this denies the known health benefits of fish, including the important Omega-3 fatty acids and their heart protective properties."
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Effects of Obesity, 2008.
This paper presents a project dealing with the problems of obesity and focuses on the Borough Park Community in Brooklyn, NY.
4,056 words (approx. 16.2 pages), 14 sources, APA, $ 109.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that obesity is a serious problem facing the citizens of America today that could lead to a variety of problems down the road, health problems that could further strain the health care industry and ultimately affect the future economic viability of the United States. The writer looks at obese individuals and the related ensuing diseases and health issues and presents a project that focuses on the citizens residing in Brooklyn, NY and in particular the Borough Park Community. The project concentrates on assessing and educating those citizens who are most at risk or are currently suffering from the effects of obesity. The writer concludes that the project seeks to develop solutions that impact not only the local community of Borough Park, but will also influence and impact communities around the nation, and ultimately around the globe.
Outline:
Literature Review
The Plan
From the Paper
" The situation is that many of the nation's citizens are eating a less-healthy diet and a diet that is rich in fats and sugars. This type of diet can lead to obesity and the problems associated with being overweight. Diseases such as diabetes and hypertension are prevalent in high-risk individuals such as people suffering from obesity. Assessing the problem as it pertains to Borough Park is the primary goal of this project. Once the assessment is finished, then a further objective would be to create an educational program that will allow for nutritional instruction designed for this specific community and its citizens."
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To Survive in a Desert, 2008.
This paper explores the techniques used for survival by hunter-gatherers in an arid climate.
2,687 words (approx. 10.7 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 80.95
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Abstract
The paper explores, from an archeological perspective, how a hunter-gatherer society might nourish themselves in a desert. The paper focuses on the traditional lifestyle of the San people who live in the Kalahari desert. The paper describes how the San people have survived on a limited diet of animals and plants that is lacking in nutritional variation.
Outline:
Bushmen of the Kalahari
History of the San
Traditional San Culture
Analyzing Diets from an Archeological Perspective
Conducting An Assessment of the Primitive Diet
From the Paper
"Archeologists spend much time conjecturing about how a certain group of people survived in a particular area. Often, the only clues they have are in the artifacts, or if they are lucky, an intact body. However, it is easy to forget that we have a valuable resource in our search for the hunter-gatherer "secrets" of how to survive in an inhospitable climate. The San, otherwise known as the Basarwa people, live in the Kalahari desert. The Kalahari is a vast desert that stretches over South Africa, Botswana, and Namibia. The San are often referred to as the "Bushmen" of the Kalahari."
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Zinc in Poultry Feed, 2008.
This paper discusses the importance and the sources of zinc in poultry feed.
1,011 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that zinc is a necessary supplement in the diet of poultry as it is required for growth, bone development, feathering, enzyme structure and function, and is a necessary requirement for the stimulation of appetites of poultry. The writer points out that lack of zinc in the diet of poultry results in soft eggs shells, low weight as well as other measures of health including underdevelopment of organs in newly hatched chicks. The writer identifies two formulas of zinc supplements for poultry, specifically ZnO (72%) and ZnSO4 (36%).
Outline:
Introduction
Symptoms of Zinc Deficiency
Studies of Zinc in Chicken Diet
Availability of Zinc in Foodstuffs of Plant and Animal Origin
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"The conclusions of this study state that the quantity of usable zinc is differential in casine-gelatin and soybean protein. When the chicks were fed nonfat milk, the growth rate of the chicks was slowed likely due to the imbalance of amino acid. The study notes that there was more availability of zinc in soybean meal than sesame meal believed to be due to the soluble factor present in soybean meal but not in sesame meals. Dried oysters caused too large of a weight gain and fishmeal zinc value is low accredited to be due to the presence of calcium in the fish meal with interferes with zinc absorption."
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Weight Loss Restaurant, 2008.
This paper provides a plan for a restaurant that will sustain a healthy lifestyle.
1,908 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 17 sources, APA, $ 60.95
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Abstract
The paper addresses the areas of restaurant management, weight loss programs and statistics in America, obesity, organic food trends, the fast food industry and "green" sustainable restaurants. The paper suggests the best alternatives for a potential restaurant. The paper concludes with several recommendations.
Outline:
Restaurant Management
Obesity in America
Organic Food Trends
Fast Food Industry
"Green" Restaurants
From the Paper
"When one decides to invest in setting up a business, some people choose to create a restaurant. However, even from the beginning, if they do not have a clear view of what they really want, and just decide to create it and see how it is going, one might realize that it is a highly risky decision. For once, you do not know what profile your restaurant works better for a certain location. So, what should you do? How should you choose? Should one pick the location and then decide on the profile? Or maybe it should be the other way around?"
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The Obesity Problem, 2008.
A look at the causes for the high rates of obesity today.
750 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that obesity occurs from a combination of genetic, environmental, medical and intake factors. The paper questions why obesity has become an increasing problem today. The paper blames an imbalance of intake versus energy expenditure, as well as a lack of knowledge surrounding healthy life habits.
From the Paper
"The national media reports that obesity is epidemic, not only in the United States but in other developed countries as well. For example, in mainland China, 16.7% of male participants were considered to be overweight according to a Body Mass Index (BMI between 25 and 29.9. Additionally, another 2.4% were felt to be obese based on a BMI greater than or equal to 30 (International Obesity Task Force, 2007). Culture has been seen to play a significant role in perception of obesity across all ethnicities."
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Nutrition for Children, 2008.
Discusses the importance of teaching proper nutrition for young children.
810 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the obesity epidemic in America can be traced as far back as infancy nutrition. The author urges that a healthy eating teaching plan, including a scheduled daily interactive "meal" time when children are encouraged to explore many nutritious options, should be part of each school day including preschool. The paper suggest that, in this manner, children will be able to use their natural play and creativity instincts to make healthy eating choices.
From the Paper
"The ability of daycare providers to offer to children healthy options on a frequent and rotating schedule, especially finger foods that are colorful and tasty and are shown by example to be easy to eat and good tasting, as they watch their other daycare friends eat such options. The teacher should offer the food, family style, in much the same way that art supplies are placed in the center of the table, appealingly and for everyone to take turns with."
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To Veg Or Not To Veg...?, 2008.
This paper discusses vegetarianism and looks at the value of a vegetarian diet.
864 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer first defines vegetarianism and notes that today, a vegetarian diet is one that contains little or no animal products. The writer discusses whether or not vegetarianism is worthwhile and maintains that vegetarianism is a truly healthy option but it is still a matter of choice. The important thing though is that going vegetarian or not going vegetarian should be an individual's choice and not rammed down one's throat. The writer concludes that as long as one is not stepping on another's toes, then "to veg" could indeed be the smart choice especially in this day and age where diseases of all sorts abound.
From the Paper
"When vegetarianism was starting to make headways in the United States, a lot of people construed it with religious practice especially those belonging to Buddhist, Hare Krishna or Hindu faith. That was the contemporary thinking then but now, vegetarianism has evolved from a matter of faith to a matter of health. Although none of my family members are vegetarians, I have several friends who have taken the practice and the jury is still not out though on how effective it really is or whether it is really a good and "normal" health habit. The strict definition of vegetarianism is diet consisting only of fruits and vegetables - no meat or animal by-products whatsoever."
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Chinese Culture, 2008.
This paper explores Chinese values, beliefs and culture as manifested in their health, food and medicine.
1,123 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses Chinese ideas about health, food, and medicine and explains that Chinese ideas about health, food and medicine are not distinct aspects but rather interrelated ones that serve to promote harmony and temper the senses. The paper explains five influences that the Chinese idea of health care is based on, describes Chinese cooking and refers to the practice of acupuncture. The paper relates that healing, health care and health management with the Chinese should be a holistic approach that serves to understand the culture as well as promote well-being without being biased against the beliefs and values.
From the Paper
"When people hear the word "China" the first thing that comes to mind is a vast country in the Orient filled with wonder and exotic attributes - that was until globalization set put as a major player in the everyday lives of countries and peoples. Now China is known for cheap manufacturing and labor, Dao Ming, Jet Li or Jackie Chan. China is also known as a communist nation with heavy capitalist leaning and this is more apparent as a result of various American companies outsourcing its manufacturing and production facilities there. Despite the supposedly modernized economy of China, they still have their strong values, beliefs and culture. This is also evident when in comes to their beliefs in birth, death, diseases and health in general."
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Obesity and Physical Activity, 2008.
A review of the article "Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Fat Mass in a Large Cohort of Children" and the study proposed therein.
977 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the article "Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Fat Mass in a Large Cohort of Children" that defines a proposed research study that would explore the association between physical activity and obesity in children. The paper explains that the study proposed in the article will determine the type(s) of physical activity that are most likely to be associated with a lean body mass as compared to an obese body mass. The paper explains further that this study will attempt to discern whether one of the causes of obesity is the lack of physical activity or whether eating more leads to a greater lack of physical activity.
From the Paper
"Many experts have acknowledged the fact that lack of physical activity in the lives of obese children could be a major factor in their condition. This study will attempt to further define exactly what type of physical activity is most likely to lead to lean body mass in children. Previous studies have had difficulty in providing this specific information, and in fact defining obesity itself is a rather difficult task as well, since, "as a person of above-average height may be 'carrying' a lot of fat or a lot of muscle." (Ness et al 2007 pg 484)"
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Music and Exercise, 2008.
This paper explores the effects of music with exercise.
1,163 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
The paper reveals that music definitely helps in exercise workouts. The paper explains that music makes exercise time more enjoyable and relaxing and has a moderate to high effect on the heartbeat according to the pace of the music being played. The paper relates that music can enhance one's physical performance and both music and exercise combined together have positive effects on one's cognitive abilities.
Outline:
Introduction
Exercise & Music
Physiological Aspect
Psychological Aspect
Current Trends
Conclusions
From the Paper
"Today's busy life styles become hectic for many people. Tensions and anxieties haunt each one of us in our daily lives. This busy life style and its various problems put a lot of physical, psychological and even spiritual stress on all of us. Exercise is an activity considered good for human health while listening to music has its own positive effect on human mind and psyche but if both of these things are combined together then it can be considered a lethal combination. Different researches have been conducted to find the effect of music and exercises together."
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Obesity in Latino Women, 2008.
This paper examines the issue of obesity and overweight in the female Latino population.
1,610 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that the female Latino population is experiencing a significant health problem of being overweight or obese. The paper identifies the target population and the incidence, prevalence and etiology of obesity. The paper also discusses the research that addresses the causes of obesity that are poor nutrition and insufficient exercise. In addition, the paper looks at services available to address the problem and suggests a program that will meet the needs of this population.
Outline:
Problem Statement
Target Population
Problem Analysis: Incidence, Prevalence and Etiology
Theories and Research that Address the Problem
Services Available to Address the Problem
Program Hypothesis
From the Paper
"Statistically the increase of the overall female population that is overweight or obese has increased since 1997 from 15% -20% and have increased by the largest degree among Latina women, 19% (1997) -27% (2005). Looking at the statistics the reasons that this is happening has a great deal to do with the level of activity as well as diet, among those in the at risk population who frequently report eating fewer than the recommended servings of fruits and vegetables as well as self-report being minimally active or inactive on a regular basis."
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Breakfast and Students' Attention Span, 2008.
An analysis of how hunger negatively affects the attention span and performance of students.
3,184 words (approx. 12.7 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 92.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the relationship between eating breakfast and school performance. It discusses how bodily health affects the attention span of students and the negative effects that being hungry has on students and their academic performance. The paper analyzes the literature in order to gain a complete understanding of the issues involved.
Table of Contents:
Article 1
Article 2
Article 3
Article 4
Article 5
Article 6
From the Paper
"The present survey indicated that Australian students skipped breakfast more on the basis of gender than income (Shaw 1998). Female students did so thrice as much as male students did. It would, then, seem to be the product of personal choice rather than by socioeconomic level. Gender and cultural values would also influence that personal choice. This should engage the attention and priority of policymakers and health authorities. The skipping breakfast phenomenon should be seen as a result of poverty as well as a gender issue. Feeding programs will not help those who skip breakfast for vanity reasons. Teaching students the importance of eating breakfast can decrease or discourage the habit. Instead, they should b taught how to build self-esteem and healthful ways of controlling weight. Nonetheless, these students cannot be easily separated or warned against their prevailing social and cultural environment in the attempt to develop the new attitude. Further longitudinal investigations, involving the use of a variety of methods, should be conducted to cover other, but equally, significant areas (Shaw)."
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Treating Obesity, 2008.
Reviews an article by M.T Cabio lu and Neyhan Ergene, 'Changes in Level of Serum Insulin, C-Peptide and Glucose after Electro-Acupuncture (EA) and Diet Therapy in Obese Women' from the 2006 "The American Journal of Chinese Medicine".
2,610 words (approx. 10.4 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 78.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the problem, which the researcher M.T Cabio lu and Neyhan Ergene addressed in their article reported in "The American Journal of Chinese Medicine", was to determine whether electro-acupuncture (EA) had anything to do with weight loss as associated with C-peptide, glucose and serum insulin levels in women. The paper states that the researchers specifically did not address the theoretical framework for their study and indicates that, as the researchers believed would be the outcomes, there is a correlation between EA, diet restrictions, and weight loss as well as a correlation between EA and the blood markers for obesity.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Problem/Purpose
Literature Review
Study Framework or Theoretical Perspective
Research Objectives, Questions, and Hypotheses
List Attribute/Demographic Variables
Sample/Setting
Research Design
Measurement Methods and Tools
Procedures
Statistical Analysis
Researchers' Interpretation of the Findings
Generalization of the Findings
Implications of the Findings for Nursing
Suggestions for Further Study
From the Paper
"For nursing, there are few implications for EA. Usually, this is performed by acupuncturists who are trained in this field. However, nurses could be trained to perform this and other weight loss treatments that are not as commonly seen in Western medicine, so that they could further benefit the people that they help on a daily basis.
"The researchers do indicate that further study should be undertaken, especially where diabetes is concerned."
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Effects of Pecan Nuts Ingestion on Plasma Levels, 2008.
An analysis of the increases and decreases of plasma levels following the ingestion of pecan nuts.
7,034 words (approx. 28.1 pages), 21 sources, APA, $ 158.95
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Abstract
This research paper reviews the acute effects of pecan nuts ingestion on plasma levels of nutrients, polyphenols and biomarkers of antioxidant status. It specifically discusses whether, after the consumption of pecans, there is any increase in plasma polyphenol concentration. It also discusses when the peak concentration for polyphenols in plasma occurs, after consumption of a pecan-containing meal. The paper then looks at whether there is there any increase in plasma antioxidant capacity after consumption of pecans. Finally, the paper discusses whether there is any decrease in plasma lipid peroxidation after pecan consumption.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Chapter One
Introduction
Statement Of The Problem
Purpose Of The Study
Research Questions
Chapter II
Literature Review
Introduction
Chemistry, Classification And Distribution
Phenolic Acids
Flavonoids
Lignans
Stillbenes
Tannins
Metabolism
Absorption And Bioavailability Of Polyphenols
Deconjunction And Reconjunction Of Polyphenols
Metabolism By Microflora In Colon
Polyphenol Excretion
Polyphenol Content Of Foods
Polyphenol Content Of Nuts, Pecans, & Other Nuts
Biological Effects Of Polyphenols
Analytical Procedure & Findings Of The Study
Assays
Review Of Postprandial Studies And Effect On Plasma Polyphenols
From the Paper
"The diet is abundant in polyphenols, which are micronutrients. Furthermore there is a great deal of evidence, which exists to demonstrate the role polyphenols play in prevention of certain diseases and including cancer. (Manach et al 2004) The amount consumed and absorbed is the factor that determines the effects to health of polyphenols. In making determination of the absorption of polyphenols following food intake there are two studies that are differential in nature and which are conducted on the basis of both direct and indirect proof of polyphenol availability. Plasma concentrations can provide individual or total polyphenols in plasma and can be measured through use of Folin-Ciocaltau (FC) assay. The Ferric Ion Reducing Antioxidant Power Assay (FRAP) is a method used for measurement of the ferric reduction ability of plasma. The ferric tripyridytriazine complex at low pH results in reduction to the ferrous form. Test conditions are favorable to the complex reduction and the development of an intense blue color but only when a reductant or antioxidant is present. Linear rates in absorbance changes are noted over a range with antioxidant mixtures that is wide and includes both plasma and solutions that are inclusive of antioxidants."
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TV Commercials and Children, 2008.
A review of the effects of television commercials on the eating habits of children.
892 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses surveys which study the effect of TV commercials on children. The paper relates that the food industry has increased its advertising to all ages, including children, which is having a negative impact on their health. The paper suggests that companies should be held responsible for their influence on children, or at least present a more rounded view of food and nutrition. The paper also states that children have been bombarded by food marketing, which has resulted in higher rates of obesity. The paper ,after referring to various situations, concludes that a relationship has been found between television commercials and eating.
From the Paper
"A similar study was conducted in Europe, where children do not eat enough fruit and vegetables and where exposure to TV is negatively associated with the intake of these foods. This study by Klepp et. al. (2007) explored exposure to food commercials on TV in nine European countries with approximately 12, 750 children to determine the association between this exposure and attitudes toward eating fruits and vegetables. The authors state that the children report exposure more to more unhealthy foods than healthy ones such as fruits and vegetables. However, those who were exposed to fruit and vegetable TV ads were much more positively disposed toward eating these foods. These findings point to the important, and more positive, role that TV could play in supporting healthy eating messages."
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Cardiovascular Disease and Low Fitness, 2008.
A review of the limitations of "Prevalence and Cardiovascular Disease Correlates of Low Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Adolescents and Adults," written by Mercedes R. Carnethon, Martha Gulati and Philip Greenland.
872 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses and reviews the article, "Prevalence and Cardiovascular Disease Correlates of Low Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Adolescents and Adults," written by Mercedes R. Carnethon, Martha Gulati and Philip Greenland. It discusses the purpose of the study, the results and conclusions and the limitations of the study's methods.
From the Paper
"The age selection was quite broad, so the study could control for other fitness factors relating to age impinging upon the results. But there is an obvious weakness in using such a large sampling. The population size is so diluted and generalized in its composition that the conclusions drawn from the study may be too vague to be of prescriptive use. To conduct the study, the authors submitted the test subjects to submaximal treadmill testing so they reached at least 75% to 90% of their age-predicted maximum heart rate. Maximal oxygen consumption, or VO2 max, was estimated by measuring their heart rate response to their effort. Low levels of fitness were defined by using percentile cut-off points of estimated VO2 max from existing external referent populations. In other words, the VO2 max definitions of fitness were derived purely from preexisting literature and studies. Similarly, the other physical and laboratory CVD risk factors measured according to standard methods were derived from preexisting literature."
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Environmental Management, 2008.
An analysis of the importance of policies and guidelines required in the food supply industry, with a focus on pesticides.
1,550 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the policies and guidelines that must be established by food supplier companies. It discusses the importance of these policies due to the fact that food products offered to, purchased by, and consumed by the public must be free of contamination and must adhere to the federal and state guidelines that consumers expect. The paper specifically focuses on pesticides and their effect on the industry.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Literature Review
Key Content Issue: Pesticides
Analysis
Conclusion
From the Paper
"When a food supply company sits down to put together its policy regarding the environment, no matter how small or how big the company, it must rely on the best possible science - from independent researchers - to be certain that it protects not only its workers but the consumers who will be eating the food that is put on the market. Given that there is evidence that the EPA leans more towards the pesticide industry than it does towards the consumer, to be on the safe side the food supply company should reach out beyond the EPA for objective, verifiable data. The EPA still holds the cards when it comes to laws and regulations relating to food safety; but again, a company that wishes to fully protect its employees and the public as well, will be wise to include independent analysis in it's policy statement. What is more important, going along with the powers that be when it comes to the potential for humans (especially children) to become exposed to dangerous toxins? Or being on the safe side and accessing independently corroborated science by researchers who are respected and not part of the lobby group, or the government group, that is too close to the pesticide manufacturers? The answer is obvious; food supply companies must think of people first, when creating their policy statements."
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