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Illegal Downloads, 2008.
A review of the problem of illegal downloads and the effect it has on the recording industry.
1,279 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
The paper introduces and analyzes the topic of ethics in American business. Specifically, the paper discusses who should be punished for downloading illegal music. The paper argues against the practice and contends that downloading music online is illegal unless one pays for the music. The paper also contends that "down loaders" know the act is illegal, and choose to do it anyway, making it both legally and ethically wrong. The paper further contends that illegal downloads harm record companies and recording artists and violate the intellectual property rights of the individuals who created the song. The paper concludes that stealing music is like stealing someone's special creation, it is simply wrong, ethically, morally, and legally.
From the Paper
"In addition, stealing music is a known crime, and music companies have been filing suit against people for many years, making it common knowledge that downloading music is a crime. The Minnesota trial was the first lawsuit to make it all the way to trial, however. Downloaders paying thousands of dollars in fines to recording companies have settled all the other suits. In one case, recording companies sued the parents of two under-18-year-olds, and the parents eventually settled with the record company. In this case, since the children were not of legal age, the companies went for the people who owned the computers. However, in most normal cases, these would not be the people responsible, because anyone who owns a computer knows that you cannot control family members and friends 24 hours a day, 7 days a week when they are on the computer."
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Women and the Law, 2008.
This paper discusses current attitudes and policies on gender in France and Cuba.
2,275 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
The paper explores how the French and Cuban governments have worked towards eliminating obstacles to women's opportunities. The paper shows how both nations possess a mindset in which there is no real distinction between the overall group of the nation on the one hand and the citizen on the other and both have tried to remake their societies through revolutionary changes. The paper relates that in France gender equality laws are being slowly introduced, while in Cuba, although Fidel Castro attempted to eliminate every possible trace of discrimination, the overriding emphasis on Marxist economic development has failed to create the prosperity necessary to eliminate many traditional assumptions about gender.
From the Paper
"Centuries of inequality and oppression have made many modern societies and governments acutely aware of the way laws and political and social structures govern the relations between different groups of individuals. One of the group distinctions that has received most attention in is that which is based on gender. Whether in France, or in Cuba, women have a long history of being treated as second-class citizens; denied equal opportunities in education, employment, and public life. Both the French and Cuban governments have worked toward eliminating these obstacles to women's success and happiness. Yet, they have approached the problem in notably different ways."
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Irrational Patient Rights, 2008.
This paper discusses whether a patient's irrational decision to refuse treatment is binding to a health care professional.
1,664 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses whether a patient's irrational decision to refuse treatment is binding to a health care professional. The paper explores the arguments for and against the rights of irrational patients and brings several case studies to light. The paper reveals that the health care professional is bound to treat irrational patients who cannot be held accountable for their actions. The paper therefore shows that if there is no other family member or responsible party available, the health care professional must make some difficult and demanding choices, for if they do not, they could put themselves and their facility at risk of court action and liability.
Outline:
Introduction
Argument
Counterargument
Response
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Patient's rights are a critical concern in the health care profession today, and few will argue that a competent patient has the right to free will and to choose what happens to their own body. Some patients with religious convictions may choose to refuse certain treatments, such as abortion, and some patients from other cultures may refuse certain types of treatment that do not agree with their cultural beliefs. However, anyone who consciously desires treatment should be treated by the health care professional."
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Eminent Domain, 2008.
This paper provides an overview of eminent domain legislation and due compensation to property owners.
1,973 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
The paper explains the principle of eminent domain that variance, access and public projects for the good of the whole must take precedence over private property rights. The paper examines the US constitutional stand on eminent domain and looks at various national rulings that have taken place over the years. The paper discusses the losses often sustained by property owners and contends that municipalities, states and the federal government need to pay much more close attention to due compensation and be willing to pay a fair property value. The paper concludes with the hope that the public will become more conscious of the need to make more informed decisions about the rights of the individual.
From the Paper
"Eminent domain is one of the most controversial, yet necessary issues that communities and courts face today. Variance, access and public projects for the good of the whole must take precedence over private property rights. Yet such property rights losses as can occur though the demands of eminent domain can literally bankrupt individuals, families and businesses, with regard to loss of property value, property usage or loss of property itself."
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The Protect America Act, 2008.
This paper provides an in-depth review of the Protect America Act of 2007.
4,147 words (approx. 16.6 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 111.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the Protect America Act of 2007, which is the modernized version of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA). The paper looks at how the Act modernizes the FISA and then examines the rationale behind it. The paper explains how this law addresses the missing and significant gaps in the securing of intelligence surveillance information about targets in foreign lands.
Outline:
How the Act Modernizes the FISA
Rationale Behind the Modernization of FISA
Changing the Concept of Electronic Surveillance
Extending the Wiretap Law
Across-the-Board Exemption
Spur of the Moment and Secret Order
President Bush's Urges
Implications of the Act
How It All Happened
"Reasonably Believed"
For National Security and "Other" Purposes
A Lowering of Standards
How the Act Would Work to Close the Dangerous Surveillance Gap
From the Paper
"The Protect America Act of 2007 is the modernized version of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act or FISA (Department of Justice 2007, GovTrack.us 2007). Sponsored by Senator Mitch McConnell on August 1 this year, it was enacted by Congress and signed into law by President George W. Bush. The Act consists of permanent amendments to the FISA in order to keep the United States safe. It is designed to provide the intelligence community with necessary inputs about terrorists, America's enemies."
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INTEL Reform Over the Past 100 years, 2008.
An overview of the intelligence community in the USA.
2,964 words (approx. 11.9 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 87.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the importance of information gathering and intelligence, and highlights the crucial points in the history of the US intelligence community, having in mind the initial goals of the system, the steps taken to increase its efficiency and new means of dealing with emerging threats. The author also explains how the recent evolution of the legal framework under which the intelligence community conducts its activities can be seen as an important step in identifying and countering the new challenges facing the United States.
From the Paper
"There has been a lot of discussion over the tradition the US has in dealing with intelligence. Unlike other nations, the history of the US Intelligence Community is considered to be of recent date. Some authors see as the early signs of a coherent intelligence apparatus to emerge following 1947. This is largely due to the specificity of the American foreign policy which had conducted a relatively isolationist external behavior. This in turn did not encourage the expansion of a professional and modern structure of data gathering and analysis. Up until then, there were particular services for espionage, especially during the war, which conducted data gathering and interpretation for different sectors of the government, such as the Army or the Navy. However, the end of the Second World War drew the United States in what would be the Cold War. In the conflict against the USSR, information on the communist enemy was deemed essential and vital for the survival and supremacy of the American democracy. In this sense, a new, coherent, and unitary structure was considered essential."
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Leopold and Loeb, 2008.
This paper looks at the part that the media played in the case of Nathan Leopold and Richard Loeb.
3,158 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 18 sources, MLA, $ 91.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the murder of fourteen year old Bobby Franks and the subsequent arrest and trial of Nathan Leopold and Richard Loeb. The writer notes that this issue was heavy on the minds of the public in 1924, as the sensationalism of this extreme case was evident even to those who were closest to it. The rest of the public, in Chicago and elsewhere, could rely heavily on exhaustive journalism to give them the information they sought about the events. The purpose of this work is to assess the similarities and differences between press accounts in Chicago and elsewhere. One would assume they all printed the facts as they knew them, but they also had varied conceptions of the trial that demonstrate regional differences in public opinion. Further, the writer points out that the argument was not over the guilt or innocence of the murderers or the base innocence of the victim, but it was over the controversial new science of psychology or as it was then known psychotherapy. The writer maintains that newspapers all over the nation, through the Leopold and Loeb case, played out the controversies of the science of the mind, while the more conservative set it aside, the urban papers detailed the science as luridly as print would allow.
From the Paper
"The controversy was replayed extensively, in all the major cities. Each journalistic report seeking information that others had not focused on, the most damning of which being the early life of the defendants, as they were described as neglected by privilege and allowed to live as if they had no responsibilities, and rarely had supervision, beyond the supervision of governesses and in Leopold's case the perverse supervision of at least one governess, who introduced lurid sexuality into his mind and life, "She entered Leopold's life when he was just fourteen. The record is rather vague as to her antecedents but clear enough as to the fact that she was a pervert, who initiated Leopold into the practices of and submissions to various types of sexual perversion." Loeb on the other had had strict governesses that created in him the desire to be secretive and deceptive to avoid censure. All of this was fodder for the press, and the urban newspapers in Chicago and New York played upon the early lives of the boys, as the "experts" findings were distributed for publishing."
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The Law-Making Process, 2008.
This paper outlines the law-making process of the United States government.
2,090 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the legislative process of the United States government. The paper explains that it comprises a number of steps, starting with the introduction of a Bill in the House or the Senate, and ending with its signing into law by the President. The paper details the different forms of legislation, how bills are introduced, the role of committees in the law-making process and house floor considerations.
Outline:
Different Forms of Legislation
Introduction of Bills
Role of Committees in the Law-Making Process
House Floor Consideration
From the Paper
"The law making process in the United States government is carried out by the Congress, which consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate. In fact, law-making is the chief function of the Congress, and the legislative powers have been provided to it by Article I, Section 1, of the U.S. Constitution that states: "All Legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives." The legislative process comprises a number of steps, starting with the introduction of a Bill in the House or the Senate, and ending with its signing into law by the President."
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Plea Bargaining, 2008.
A research proposal to explore public opinion and perceptions as they relate to plea bargaining in the criminal justice system.
1,497 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
The paper presents the hypothesis that the public is not supportive of plea bargaining in cases of violent crimes. The paper looks at previous studies, with a focus on Sergio Herzog's study "The Relationship Between Public Perceptions of Crime Seriousness and Support for Plea-Bargaining in Israel: A Factorial-Survey Approach". The paper proposes a study where eight plea bargaining scenarios will be presented to individuals. The paper hopes to show that public opinion has impacted the sentencing decisions of courts regardless of plea bargains.
Outline:
Introduction
Prior Studies
Variables for this Study
Scenarios of Plea Bargaining
Independent Variables
From the Paper
"Plea bargaining is not a legal punishment assigned to criminal behavior, but is a tool that has been utilized by an overburdened legal system, which is poorly equipped to otherwise deal with the enormous numbers of criminal cases that filter through the system. Without plea bargaining, law enforcement, prosecutors, defense attorneys and finders of fact would be required to meet the legal definitions of the rules of evidence, which could involve lengthy processes and costs associated with bringing those cases to trial and through the court system."
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The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, 2008.
Looks at the history, goals and problems of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA).
855 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which was intended to improve access and renewability with respect to employment related group health plans, to health insurance coverage sold in connection with group plans, and to the individual market, by amending the Public Health Service Act. The paper relates that the primary elements in the legislation for most workers are portability and a general improvement in coverage but the Act falls short in addressing these problems. The paper outlines the shortcomings of the Act and provides examples to illustrate them. The paper concludes that, even though main issue in the law is portability, the many other provisions in the Act show how even that one particular change requires a good deal of change in other areas as well.
From the Paper
"Epstein (2002) notes some of the unintended consequences of HIPAA with reference to medical research. He cites the provisions on privacy and finds a conflict "between the concern for privacy on the one hand, and the ability of medical scientists, physicians, and institutions to continue on with their traditional research activities." Under the new rules, it is assumed that everyone needs to obtain consent for the disclosure or use of any particular medical record for any kind of purpose, and when HIPAA does distinguish among purposes, it does so based on the needs of the individual."
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The Whistleblower Protection Act, 2008.
This paper discusses the Whistleblower Protection Act of 1989 and its application in the workplace.
1,146 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
The paper defines the Whistleblower Protection Act of 1989 and how it addresses environmental concerns, securities fraud, transportation safety, Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) regulations and Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) regulations. The paper discusses the formal/direct and informal/indirect types of retaliation and punishment that employers are prohibited from engaging as well as how, in certain circumstances, employees have the right to refuse to work until employers correct dangerous working conditions. The paper then outlines the compensation to which whistleblowers are entitled.
Outline:
Introduction
The Application of Whistleblower Protection Law in the Workplace
Formal/Direct Failure to Comply with the Whistleblower Protection Act of 1989
Refusal to Work
Remedies
From the Paper
"The Whistleblower Protection Act of 1989 was designed to protect individuals employed by government agencies from retaliation in any form arising as a consequence of bringing to light circumstances within the employing agencies that violate fundamental rights. It is also intended to protect those individuals from continued exposure to medically harmful and dangerous working conditions by enabling the reporting of those conditions to the appropriate authorities for rectification without the fear of adverse consequences that could otherwise discourage reporting and thereby perpetuate those conditions (USLC, 2007)."
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Scott Louis Panetti, Petitioner, 2008.
An analysis of the issues related to the motion filed by Scott Panetti stating that he was not fit to be executed for his crime due to mental illness.
1,327 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the case of Petitioner Scott Panetti who was convicted of capital murder and sentenced to death by a state court in Texas. It particularly focuses on Panetti's filing of a petition to the state court in which he stated that due to his mental illness, he could not be executed. The paper discusses the facts of the case, the issues and the opinions that affected its outcome.
Table of Contents:
Facts
Issues
Holdings
Rationale
Separate Opinions
Analysis
From the Paper
"The main argument used by Panetti's defence was that a death row and mentally unstable inmate could only be executed provided that he possessed "rational understanding." However, the court felt that such a standard was subjective and manipulative and would create a precedent on which death row inmates could escape the capital punishment. "Moreover, such a requirement - imported from the Court's Fifth and Sixth Amendment jurisprudence concerning defendants' strategic participation at the guilt and sentencing phases - is out of place at the moment of execution. Finally, the retributive and deterrent interests served by the death penalty - focused primarily as they are on society at large rather than the capital murderer - do not demand the "rational understanding" that Panetti urges.""
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Federal Acquisition Regulations, 2008.
An overview of the rules applicable to challenging an agency non-responsibility decision under US Federal Acquisition Regulations (FAR).
1,962 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how, prior to a government agency making a contracting decision, the contracting officer must ensure that all of the rules and regulations of the Federal Acquisition Regulations (FAR)are satisfied. The paper first explains that the purpose of FAR is to safeguard the integrity of the procurement process through both civil and criminal actions. Through the analysis of two applicable case laws the paper then attempts to show that the burden of proof on the challenging party is often steep and difficult to meet.
Outline:
Introduction
Legal Background on Challenges to Responsibility Determinations
Application of the Law
Conclusion
Cases Cited
From the Paper
"With a full understanding of the standard of review and rules that govern a reviewing court's decision making process on a FAR responsibility determination challenge, the next step is to review how these rules are applied to actual challenge scenarios. To accomplish this, two FAR non-responsibility challenge decisions will be reviewed with the purpose of better understanding the above stated rules through their application to actual factual scenarios."
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Hate Crimes, 2008.
A discussion on the difference between hate, brutal and ordinary crimes and the involvement of the law.
961 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses hate crimes and states that they differ from ordinary crimes in the impact they have upon the victim and the larger group to which the victim belongs. An example has been provided in "Attorney General's Civil Rights Commission on Hate Crimes" by mentioning the Jewish and Filipino communities throughout US that were strongly impacted by the attack on the West Valley Jewish Community Center and the slaying of Joseph Ileto. The paper highlights that another community greatly impacted by the murders of Matthew Shepherd and Gary Matson and Winfield Mowder, was the gay community. The paper mentions that hate crimes affect not only the victim but also all the members of the victim's group. The paper continues and reflects on the punishment involved, the differences between hate, ordinary and brutal crimes and the involvement of the law. The paper concludes that it is necessary to identify the nature of the crime together with proper recording of crime.
From the Paper
"There are many thinkers and writers that question the legitimacy of hate or bias crime laws on the basis that they violate a fundamental democratic principle by punishing individuals for their prejudiced thoughts and beliefs. The assumption is that the defendant had a bias motive for committing the offense and the motive consists solely of the defendant's thought. Therefore, it has been argued that bias crime laws are illegitimate because they punish motive. In addition, the fact that complicates things further is that the motive is inextricably tied to a certain set on political values and attitudes. Other writers have recognized that hate crime is a social construct, focusing on prejudice as a criminal act."
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Plea Bargaining and the Criminal Justice System, 2008.
A research proposal that examines public opinion regarding plea bargaining and its effect on sentencing decisions of the criminal justice system.
1,497 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper examines plea bargaining and what it means for the criminal justice system. The paper presents a research proposal that analyzes public opinion regarding plea bargaining. It hypothesizes that the public is not supportive of plea bargaining in cases of violent crimes and it suggests that public opinion has impacted the sentencing decisions of courts regardless of plea bargains.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Prior Studies
Variables for this Study
Scenarios of Plea Bargaining
Independent Variables
Control Variables
From the Paper
"Julian V. Roberts' book, Public Opinion, Crime and Criminal Justice, reports on a series of surveys that examined public opinion on certain aspects of legal procedure and processes. In 1988, a survey was conducted of public opinion in Canada, and found that four out of five people surveyed disapproved of plea bargaining (Roberts, Julian V, 1997, p. 210). "There was little demographic variance in attitudes. Moreover, the link between attitudes and plea bargaining and views of sentencing were clear. People who regarded plea bargaining as unacceptable also thought that sentences were not harsh enough (Roberts, Julian V, 1997, p. 210)." The same survey yielded information to show that the prosecutors' reasons underlying the plea bargaining impacted public opinion. "Finally, the presence of information about a plea bargain in scenarios had the impact of changing public evaluations of criminal justice professionals (Roberts, Julian V, 1997, p. 210)." It did not change their overall opinion of the use of plea bargaining. "For example, if subjects read about a case in which a plea bargain had taken place, they had more negative views of the prosecutor (Roberts, Julian V, 1997, p. 210).""
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Immigration Reform and Control Act, 2008.
An analysis of the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 and how changing laws in state and federal immigration reporting requirements will impact company human resource offices.
5,861 words (approx. 23.4 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 140.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986. It specifically examines the burden and the critical role of human resource staffs in complying with the rules and laws that were put into place with this act. Finally, the paper discusses the expectations that have been placed on human resource staff in hiring and managing their personnel. It also looks at how compliance with current and changing laws in state and federal immigration reporting requirements will impact employer human resource offices. A glossary of terms is included with the paper.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Chapter 1 - Introduction
The Role of Human Resources in a Business or Organization
Human Resource Personnel and Undocumented Workers
Literature Review
Books
Journals
Magazine Articles
Newspaper Articles
Web Site
Chapter 3 - Methodology
Historical Data
Compliance Audit
Walmart and Tyson Foods
Hotel Industry
Small Business
Private Employers
Existing Numerical Data
Chapter 4 - Results
Problems and Limitations
Chapter 5 - Summary and Conclusion
Index
From the Paper
"The government's ability to impose and collect fines and penalties that support its departmental operations prove to be an incentive for aggressive enforcement. Human resource personnel must be diligent in hiring practices, and ensure that compliance is met on behalf of the organization they work for. The government is not going to accept an excuse of vagueness in law and reporting requirements as an excuse for non-compliance. However, the best approach seems to be wrapped up in the I-9 form. This form seems to be more important than any other in ensuring the compliance of an organization in attempting to accurately verify the status of new hires."
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Health Insurance Portability Act, 2008.
An overview of the "Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act " (HIPPA) 1996 and its concerns and effects on radiology practice.
4,585 words (approx. 18.3 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 119.95
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Abstract
The paper provides background information on the "Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act " (HIPAA) and discusses the objectives and important elements of the Act. The paper highlights the issues associated with the application of HIPAA by radiologists and discusses the efforts of the radiologists in safeguarding patient privacy. The paper concludes by highlighting the importance of radiology and the issue of HIPAA compared to other professions concerned with health care.
From the Paper
"With regard to the HIPAA Act, there are three elements that incorporate necessities unique to health care organizations such as "standards for the Privacy of Individually Identifiable Information, Standards for Electronic Signature and Code Sets and Standards for Security and Electronic Signature". ("Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA): Comprehensive self-study guide", n. d.) The Standards with regard to the 'Privacy of Individually Identifiable Information' are dependent upon the necessities to safeguard the privacy of the health information of every patient in oral, written, electronic and any other additional form. The standards for Security and Electronic Signature are dependent upon the necessities to insulate the integrity of and to regulate the reach to health information. They are chalked to safeguard information from change, destruction loss and accidental or deliberate revelation to unauthorized individuals. The Standards for Electronic Signature and Code Sets are dependent upon the necessities for health care parameters to transmit effectively with one another for such basic activities such as payment, claims processing, and establishing coverage with regard to a health plan and finding out a patient's standard of eligibility for services. The Medical Practices and Businesses with regard to HIPAA regulations are also known as 'covered entities'. They incorporate healthcare plans, healthcare providers, and the demands of clearinghouses."
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Privacy Protection Policies in Health Care, 2008.
A case study analysis of the United States Privacy Act and its subsequent revisions and the Healthcare Information Privacy Protection Act (HIPPA).
1,724 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a case study relating to privacy issues in the medical and healthcare field. It aims to design an executive level privacy protection policy and considers both the legal regulations applicable to a company's privacy issues and the company's particular privacy needs. The paper specifically examines the application of the United States Privacy Act and its subsequent revisions and the Healthcare Information Privacy Protection Act (HIPPA).
From the Paper
"Clearly, the Privacy Act, originally intended to apply only to government agencies, now applies to such non-governmental entities as the healthcare system and commercial businesses. What can be concluded from this expansion of the Act's jurisdiction is that, because of the Act, individuals now have an expectation of personal privacy. In order to ensure this expectation is met, all customer-related organizations must take steps, per the Privacy Act, to protect an individual's personal privacy. (Douglas-Steward: 2001)."
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Schools Interoperability Framework, 2008.
An introduction to the Schools Interoperability Framework (SIF) and the
implications on No Child Left Behind (NCLB) compliance.
778 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper illustrates why it is critical for schools and the districts that serve them to aggressively pursue strategies to attain a high level of integration across their many systems. It discusses the importance of adopting the Schools Interoperability Framework (SIF), enabling systems integration and therefore higher levels of compliance to the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) requirements in the process.
Table of Contents:
Synopsis
Schools Interoperability Framework (SIF) Defined
The Return on Integration Investment: Why the SIF Framework Matters
From the Paper
"The Schools Interoperability Framework Association is comprised of government agencies, partners, schools and school districts, and vendors who have created and manage this association to solve the lack of data and process integration between school, district, city, state and federal government educational systems. The association was launched formally on April 25, 2003 and develops integration standards to ensure 3rd party validation of application conformance to the SIF specification. The association also has a wide variety of programs that promote the adoption of the SIF specifications and framework. In collaborating with its many members to create the specification, the decision was made to base its foundation on XML specifications, a technology standard which as emerged in enterprise software and Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) platforms including many of the companies who rely on XML as their primary messaging platform, including salesforce.com for example."
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