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Haiti and UN Peacekeeping Missions, 2008.
Describes the the UN presence in Haiti and compares the present mission to previous operations.
5,695 words (approx. 22.8 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 137.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the latest era of the UN presence in Haiti started during September 1991 when President Aristide's democratically elected administration was ousted by a military government under the leadership of General Raoul Cedras. The author points out that recently, in 2004, the Security Council set up the UN Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH). The mission was mandated to secure and stabilize the environment, political process and human rights. The paper concludes that, in the final analysis, the Haitian administration and the people will be required to assume ownership of an agenda to guarantee its long-term success. However, presently, Haiti is unable to tackle the internal problems on its own and the international partners must, extend timely, sufficient and consistent support to the new authorities.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Mandate
Secure and Stable Environment
Political Process
Human Rights
Critical Appraisal of the MINUSTAH Mission:
Previous UN Peacekeeping Missions to Haiti
The UN Mission in Haiti- UNMIH (Sept 1993 to June 1986)
The UN Transition Mission in Haiti: UNTMIH (Aug to November 1997)
United Nations Civilian Police Mission in Haiti MIPONUH
Comparison of MINUSTAH with the Previous Missions
From the Paper
"In Haiti, no defined forces are present with which there would be likelihood of negotiation, as opposed to other nations which is overwhelmed by internal quarrels. Following decades of violent dictatorships under the regime of Duvalier, Haiti as been governed by a series of frail democratic governments, in which there were regular military coups, and every coup has left a residue of paramilitary groups, apart from criminal gangs of drug traffickers and speckled members of the armed forces that has been disbanded in 1994."
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Constructivism Vs. Rationalism, 2008.
This paper explains the constructivist theory and how it it contradicts the theory of rationalism.
1,313 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
The paper explains constructivism to be a philosophy that holds that all knowledge, or how humans view their world, is constructed instead of being based on any actual realities. The paper discusses how constructivism is therefore fundamentally opposed to the premises of rationalism. The paper outlines how the constructivist theory finds its roots in ancient Greek philosophy and how it is applied in international relations.
From the Paper
"Constructivism is a philosophy that holds that all knowledge, or how humans view their world, is constructed instead of being based on any actual realities. According to constructivism, knowledge does not necessarily reflect any external realities but instead is contingent on conventions, human perceptions and the overall social experience of an individual. In other word, according to constructivist theory, knowledge is nothing more than artificial reality."
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NATO Vs. United Nations, 2008.
An argument for the use of NATO and other alliances to counter international terrorism.
1,047 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
The paper argues that because the United Nations has proven itself an ineffective peacekeeping force and has exercised zero ability to confront terrorism, NATO and other alliance forces should be charged with preventing and combating world terrorism. The paper points out that Europe and the United States must be prepared to seriously deal with global terrorism through NATO and only then will NATO take on a useful role in the modern world.
From the Paper
"The increased use of terrorism to attack foreign nations has increased during the last decade at an alarming rate and on an even more alarming scale of destruction. Following the September 11, 2001, attack on the United States by organized terrorists, and because the United States' response to that attack has since itself come under world scrutiny and criticism, the time has arrived for the world community to take decisive action in coming to agreement on how, and by whom, action should be taken to prevent and to respond to acts of terrorism."
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The Development of the Internet, 2008.
This paper discusses how the Internet developed as a result of the Cold War.
2,647 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 79.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that, unwilling to let the Soviet Union remain in the technological lead after their successful launch of Sputnik, the United States formed DARPA, whose ARPANET would eventually evolve into today's Internet. The paper explains how today's hardware and software evolved from the simple PC of yesteryear. The paper also explores how the Internet impacts society, for the good and for the bad.
Outline:
Introduction
The Cold War
The Birth of the Internet
Politicians Involvement in the Creation of the Internet
Hardware and Software Differences Between Then and Now
The Impact of the Internet
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The history of the computer industry, in general, has been a story of fast-paced development. Technological advancements coming in rapid fire succession has been the key development of technologies a generation or two ago were only the stuff of science fiction, such as the Internet. Today, technology and specifically the Internet are intrinsically intertwined in every aspect of society, from home life to the workplace, the Internet has changed the way people work, interconnect, and live."
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China as Superpower, 2008.
This paper argues that, in terms of economic power, military might and global influence, China has become the second global superpower.
2,359 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 20 sources, APA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that Russia has lost political power and economic strength since the collapse of the Soviet Union and Japan is arguably less relevant than it once was, with a slowing economy and a modest defense budget. The paper reveals, however, that China has a large labor supply, a hot economy and growing military and diplomatic strength. The paper therefore concludes that in the post-Cold War era China has emerged to become the world's second superpower.
Outline:
Russia's Post-Soviet Power
Japan Strong but Possibly Fizzling
The Case for China
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, conventional wisdom dictated that the United States was the sole, remaining global superpower. With the world's largest economy and defense budget, and the ability to influence events worldwide, there is little doubt the U.S. remains the world's most powerful country. But in the post-Cold War era, which country is the world's second most powerful, filing some of the power vacuum left by the demise of the Soviets?"
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Fighting Global Poverty, 2008.
A discussion on third world poverty and our role in improving the lives of billions of people.
1,707 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
The paper reveals startling statistics on global poverty and asserts that fighting poverty must be a global effort by both the "have" nations who can afford their support and the "have not" nations who have to work on their own internal problems. The paper discusses how organized programs and actions that provide an impetus for improved education, self-sufficiency and empowerment can help the world's impoverished nations become richer. The paper maintains that regardless of what approach individuals support for attempting to eradicate poverty, they must become involved and take a stand.
From the Paper
"The third-world comprises about 50 nations and one billion people. India and China have both experienced growth through increased globalization. However, the remaining countries remain unchanged. From 1960 to 2000, the new third world experienced no growth at all. In the meantime, the economies of the developing world are enjoying continually faster growth from one decade to the next. The bottom billion are falling further and further away from the rest of mankind. "Globalization must not leave the bottom billion behind," states the head of the World Bank, Robert Zoellick, yet it already has (Collier, 2007, B03)."
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Intervention in Kosovo, 2008.
This paper discusses the issue of intervention in Kosov and focuses on U.S. and NATO involvement.
4,400 words (approx. 17.6 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 115.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the sources of the conflict in Kosovo and the efforts taken by the international community, specifically the United States and NATO, to stem the violence. Furthermore, this work addresses changes that could have been undertaken or what might have been done differently and what steps could be taken in the present or in the future to improve the country and its stability. The writer concludes that while agreements have been apparently reached between the Serb and ethnic-Albanians who both desire to remain in the region, even if it means compromise on each side, it is yet to be seen whether peace in the Kosovo region will result from NATO and U.S. involvement in Kosovo.
Outline:
Objective
Introduction
Report of Secretary of State Albright
Seven Weeks into U.S./NATO Intervention
Startling Serbs to the Reality of Violence with Bombs
Kosovo Talks Enter Final Phase
Both Albanians and Serbs Desire to Remain in Kosovo
Debate on Possibility of 'Setting Precedent'
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"Kosovo is a province of Serbia and is the central area of the old Yugoslavia in which 90% of those in the region are Albanian in their origin with the remainder being Serbs. Under the former government, that of the old Yugoslavia this region was characterized by a great deal of autonomy. However, this autonomy was taken away by President Slobodan Milosevic in 1989 who was seeking what he called a 'Greater Serbia' seeking to secure it through a nationalist campaign. The Kosovo region was the site of a historic and emotionally charged defeat by the Ottoman Empire in 1389 and therefore has great significance to Serbian nationalists residing in the Kosovo region. Upon this region, losing its autonomy at the hands of Milosevic a conflict ensued due to the ethnic-Albanian people striving to have their cultural rights restored. The Kosovo Liberation Army, also known as the KLA drove the conflict toward the radical edge through entering violent conflicts with arms and their demand of full independence while simultaneously the Serbs were fiercely determined to keep the province. The United States and NATO entered the situation when hundreds of thousands of ethnic-Albanians were forced from their homes in what was destined to be a humanitarian disaster resulting in refugees strewn across an entire continent."
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Business - International, 2008.
A review of three articles "Oceania: Government Orders Fish Company to Shut Down" published in 'The Pacific Magazine', "Asia: Protesters Tell Wal-Mart to Quit India" by Nandini Lakshman and "South America: New South American Bank Planned" by James Ingham.
1,017 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses three different articles about business decisions made by the Palau Government of Oceania, Venezuela's President Hugo Chavez, and the inhabitants of Maharashtra, India. The paper comments on the influence these decisions had on international management. The three articles discussed are "Oceania: Government Orders Fish Company to Shut Down" published in 'The Pacific Magazine', "Asia: Protesters Tell Wal-Mart to Quit India" by Nandini Lakshman and "South America: New South American Bank Planned" by James Ingham.
Outline:
Article Review
Influence on International Management
South America: New South American Bank Planned
Article Review
Influence on International Management
Asia: Protesters Tell Wal-Mart to Quit India
Article Review
Influence on International Management
From the Paper
" On the other hand, the protests in Asia impact the international managers in the meaning that they increase the awareness in regard to the problems posed on positioning their products onto a foreign country. International managers will better analyze the cultural features of their destination region and the businesses that are being developed there. In order for these companies to properly function within the new territory, they must not pose a threat to local businesses and they should present the population with products that can not be produced internally."
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Vietnam War, 2008.
An outline and synopsis of the Vietnam war.
824 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the reasons for American intervention in Vietnam, including a synopsis of presidents in office during and after this time, and their ideas of what was important to the American people and nation at or about the time of the war. This paper also describes the lessons of the Vietnam War and its consequences on American foreign policy.
From the Paper
" Entire villages had been wiped out, people, innocent civilians, not just soldiers, which is one reason the United States had reason to feel disgraced and failed to distinguish the returning soldiers from the war as heroes. This in turn took a tremendous toll on many soldiers resulting in post traumatic syndromes including long-lasting depression, aggression and sleep disorders. No other war had exacted such a toll on domestic and foreign life than did the war in Vietnam. Had the troops remained, there is no question the country as it is today would still exist, although what does exist is a small fracture or reminder of a land that used to be. Even after the war landmines were still prevalent throughout Vietnam resulting in even more deaths among the innocent."
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The US and Chinese Human Rights, 2008.
A persuasive essay that the United States should apply greater pressure on China to improve its human rights practices.
823 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
The paper asserts that the United States only refuses to impose strict economic sanctions on China because economic interests prevail over democratic principles. The paper relates that the 1989 Tiananmen Square Massacre forced the then President Bush to impose economic sanctions on China, but these sanctions were later reduced and have little impact anymore. The paper argues that despite the economic interests involved, the US must still assure that the Chinese government change its policy and improve its human rights practices.
From the Paper
"China is one of the few existing communist countries in the world and it has known a rapid growth in the past decades, economically speaking. Considering the growing economy and the large population, China is one of the important actors on the international scene. It is important for US to develop close relationships with China, especially in economic terms. However, the continuous disrespect and constant proofs of human rights breaking in China make it impossible for the United States, as one of the strongest advocates of human rights, to ignore the issue and develop normal economic relations with China."
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U.S. Foreign Policy, 2008.
An analysis of the role of the U.S. and Great Britain in the outbreak of the Cold War.
1,058 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the revisionist views of Walter LaFeber, Arnold Offner and John Gaddis with regards to the outbreak of the Cold War. It specifically focuses on their claim that the USA and Great Britain were also responsible for the outbreak of the Cold War, as their strategy of foreign policy was short-sighted and, in many respects, lacked responsibility for the future.
From the Paper
"Drawing a conclusion, it's important to note that the ideas of revisionist authors such as Walter LaFeber, Arnold Offner and John Gaddis are based on rationalism, yet evaluation of definite political issues is made from the perspective of people who are free of "western propaganda". The cold war was inevitable already, at the end of WWII, as both super powers revealed its potential, which was hidden and undervalued in pre-war years. The Marshall Plan, which in many respects accelerated the coming of the Cold War, was also inevitable, due to the popularity of communist and socialist ideas in France, Italy and Germany, especially in years of reconstruction, when European nations lacked economic stability and bearable conditions of living. The collapse of the colonial system with its unpredictable circumstances was also more a fault of former empires, than a fault of the USA, as none of the empires appeared able to control political and social processes in their former colonies."
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Great Powers, 2008.
The writer examines the concept of a great power and discusses states in terms of major powers.
1,658 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at how, in order to ascertain the degree to which states exercise their power, it is first necessary to properly analyze the components which define great powers - that is the political, military, and, most importantly, economic components. The writer then discusses several theories that quantify power in terms of these components, noting that there have been numerous examples of great powers that have exercised their political, military, and economic influence throughout the centuries. Next, the writer examines the current international scene and asserts that, at this time, the international scene is not dominated by a great power, nor should it be. The paper concludes that, while there have been numerous examples of great powers that have exercised their political, military, and economic influence throughout the centuries, at this time, and taking into account the current evolutions in international affairs in terms of security, financial supremacy and political diversity, it is hard to find a state that would fit the traditional definition of a great power.
From the Paper
"However, the range of their power cannot be compared to any subsequent definitions of the term great power due to the fact that at the time, the Hellenistic world was considered to be the only one available for states to claim. In this sense, one cannot look at the magnitude of their influence but from a military perspective. Nonetheless, in all confrontations that took place at the time victory resulted in the political domination of the adversary. The Macedonian empire under the rule of Alexander exercised complete political control over the territories it conquered. Even so, neither example can be certified as being but regional powers because of the limited amount of time they manifested their dominance."
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The Oil Industry, 2008.
An analysis of the history of oil production and the impact of the oil industry on the international economy.
3,837 words (approx. 15.3 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 105.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the oil industry and how it affects international relations and the international economy. It also discusses the history and background of oil use and production. In addition, the paper discusses the impact of oil production, as well as other economic factors relating to the industry. The paper then discusses current and future challenges to the oil industry.
Table of Contents:
The Oil Industry: Background And History
Key Issues That Are Related To International Economy
The Oil Industry's Impact On The International Economy
Future Challenges For The Industry
Conclusion
From the Paper
"A significant aspect is the way that oil impacts on the economic relationship between countries. An increase in the price of oil can alter the balance of trade between counties and also affects exchange rates. This refers to the scenario in which the oil-importing countries experience a decline in their balance of payments. This exerts a negative pressure on exchange rates and results in the increase in the price of imports and a reduction in the value of exports. This in turn leads to a decline in the national income of that country. All of these facets have a long-term impact on the economy of countries. "The economic and energy policy response to a combination of higher inflation, higher unemployment, lower exchange rates and lower real output also affects the overall impact on the economy over the longer term" (Analysis of the Impact of High Oil Prices on the Global Economy)"
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The English System - Order out of Chaos, 2008.
An analysis of the theories of the English School of International Relations with regards to order versus chaos.
2,260 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the English School of International Relations' stress upon cooperation and order, rather than upon chaos, within the international system. It discusses their theories and their arguments and then specifically looks at why according to the English School of International Relations, there is such a high degree of order in the international system.
From the Paper
"Within these spheres of overlap there is also a possibility to cement as well as destabilize a nation and a world. An American of Jewish origin may support the existence of Israel, for example, and draw attention to the plight of the Middle East, stimulating interest in this region of the world within his or her own nation. An economic alliance between two corporations generates a community, and a mutual interest in regional stability, as well as an opportunity of human beings working in a foreign land to better understand another culture. The potential for community ties thus is just as great as the potential of non-state communities to strain the borders of nations and to influence national politics--and thus, the 'center' does 'hold.'"
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The Rise of China, 2008.
Explores the possibility of peace, stability and prosperity of Southeast Asia, given the rise of China.
2,175 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper states that China has recovered its larger economic, political and military stature in East Asia and is becoming a major power in the world. This ominous development is of supreme concern and interest to the United States. The author discusses China's complex relationship with Taiwan and its apprehension about Japan's agreement with the United States on a theater missile defense (TMD) system and on launching spy satellites. The paper explains the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) and the concern of China about the nuclearization of India, Pakistan and North Korea.
From the Paper
"Although almost all states in the world signed the NPT, the world remained insecure and at the brink of nuclear proliferation and disaster. Observers and critics believe that preventing this would require States with nuclear capabilities to reconsider their stand on a higher moral standpoint and discard their nuclear modernization programs. Israel, India, Pakistan and North Korea, for example, needed to terminate their respective programs and agendas, using nuclear weapons."
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The Soviet Bloc vs the West, 2008.
A discussion of the bipolar concept that represented the perceived structure of world politics during the Cold War.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
The paper explains the bipolar idea that depicts the world as divided into two camps, both militarily and ideologically, with the West representing democratic ideals and with the Soviet bloc representing Communism in opposition to democracy. The paper describes the era of the Cold War when the two sides engaged in an escalating arms race that lasted until the Soviet Union dissolved. The paper relates that today the process of globalization replaced the economic aspects of the bipolar world and terrorism and the globalization of the conflict in the Middle East has taken the place of the Soviet Union as the major threat to the West.
From the Paper
"The bipolar world that developed after World War II represented the basic perceived structure of world politics during the Cold War. The bipolar idea depicts the world as essentially divided into two camps, both militarily and ideologically, with the West representing democratic ideals, and with the Soviet bloc representing Communism in opposition to democracy. Much of the world divided between the two camps, with the two sides creating mutual defense pacts among member nations, and with much of the rhetoric of the age based on the clash of ideologies as well as images of a military threat from the other side."
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Max Boot, 2008.
A review of the book, "The Savage Wars of Peace: Small Wars and the Rise of American Power" by Max Boot.
4,530 words (approx. 18.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 118.95
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Abstract
The paper states that Max Boot's book, "The Savage Wars of Peace: Small Wars and the Rise of American Power," adopts the topic of recent works focusing upon the oftentimes overlooked conflicts in American history. The paper comments that Boot attempts to chronicle a history of the United States' more minor conflicts, yet he does so from a neoconservative and neo-imperial perspective. The paper notes that Boot claims that small conflicts, which are typically those over colonies are necessary to the overall creation and survival of an empire. Boot, by documenting the success and failures of the United States' military machine over the past several centuries, attempts to generate a picture of how American power has expanded and been sustained. To Boot, these conflicts are central toward the creation of empire, and they become increasingly inevitable as the United States assumes the role of a global police force, as well as a massive economic entity, possessing vast corporate interests abroad.
From the Paper
"Other authors, most notably Sam Sarkesian, have termed the wars Boot focuses upon "forgotten" wars. Essentially, the overlooked wars of America's past have landed in an obscure place in history specifically because they were unsuccessful and unconventional: they were not the grand, strategic battles of the First or Second World Wars. This, it would seem, is one of Boot's major motivations for focusing upon these conflicts: they are little-known and little understood. Yet, according to Boot, they provide valuable lessons militaristically and diplomatically for the present and the future; after all, Boot believes that such wars are, on the whole, unavoidable."
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Canada and the Vietnam War, 2008.
Looks at the history surrounding Canada's involvement in the Vietnam War, including its direct and indirect commitments, and its influence of present day global involvement.
3,795 words (approx. 15.2 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 104.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, while Ottawa did not send soldiers to Vietnam, Canada, a member of NATO, provided defense products to the United States, including aircraft parts, bombs, ammunition and defoliant. The author points out that, as Canadian popular sentiment against the war grew, politicians realized that simply distancing themselves from the problem would no longer suffice thus leading to Canada's public condemnation of American actions and Canada's allowing asylum seekers into the country. The paper stresses that, although it does participate in peacekeeping missions, Canada has forfeited extensive military capability in favor of social services; thus, Canada does not have the ability or popular support to intervene in global conflicts on the scale of the United States.
Table of Contents:
Historical Perspective
Canada in the Milieu
At Home and Abroad
Canada and Agent Orange
Canadian Asylum Seekers
A Canadian Change of Heart
Parallels between Vietnam and Current World Issues
From the Paper
"Canada was a member of the United Nations element responsible for oversight of the Geneva Accords. This position necessitated Canada's neutrality. When the United States reported on infiltration of spies and terrorists from the North into the South, the Canadian delegation to the United Nations wrote a report to the Co-Chairman of the Geneva Convention Conference on the Indo-China (ICC) meant to support the U.S. allegations of aggressive tactics by North Vietnam. This support is viewed with a jaundiced eye by historians."
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