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The Ideology of Film Dubbing in Spain, 2008.
A review of the history, philosophy and importance of the film dubbing industry in Spain.
14,157 words (approx. 56.6 pages), 58 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the history of film dubbing in Spain since globalization of the film industry. It analyzes the intricacies of how film dubbing works and discusses the philosophy behind the process of exchanging dialogue in one language for dialogue in another. The paper also analyzes why translations in film are so important to the interpretation of culture and how it is portrayed.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Political History
Ideologies
Ideological Analysis
Thick Description
Text Analysis
Translation
Application of Theory to Practice
Conclusion
Addendum
From the Paper
"If these three films are conceived of as "inwardly directed," this conception would be wrong, for they are composing non-conversational, progressively threaded scenes in sequences that are meant to instruct, reach a dramatic goal or demonstrate an idea. They are taking a thousand scenes and, with them, are moving toward one goal. This film is not trying to say a thousand things, even if it uses a thousand scenes.
"Secondly, these three films are unalike. The campaign film is unlike the lecture film and the entertaining film is not going to try to convert or instruct the viewer. One does not entertain people by campaigning or lecturing. One is trying to entertain, move the audience to emotion, to remind them of something, or to amuse them. When the film is finished, it will not make any difference to what people have already decided, politically, spiritually or any other way. The film is not meant to teach, but to entertain."
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Intelligence Failures, 2008.
A look at events in history that have been influenced by intelligence failures.
1,089 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how intelligence operations are essential for the conduct of foreign policy as well as the protection of the national territory and the preservation of homeland security. The paper explains that since gathering intelligence involves people and is difficult to control, there is always the possibility of failure, as in the Cuban Missile crisis, World War II events that took place at Pearl Harbor and the 9//11 attacks on the World Trade Center.
From the Paper
"One of the moments in contemporary history which is considered to have been influenced by intelligence failure was the Cuban Missile crisis during the Kennedy Administration. More precisely, reports following the actual crisis underlined the lack of proper interpretation of the information on the deployment of the soviet missiles in Cuba which spurred the crisis.
"I chose this particular example because I consider it to be a milestone in the information gathering process seeing the evolution from the pre World War II era (Rohwer, 1999) and, at the same time, it marked an important event in the Cold War era. Following the World War, policies modernized, due to the influx of technology and the increase in the operability of the staff engaged in secret data gathering."
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The Northridge Earthquake, 2008.
An analysis of the economic and psychological impact and aftermath of the Northridge Earthquake in Los Angles in 1994.
2,189 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the Northridge earthquake that hit the San Fernando Valley area of Greater Los Angeles on January 17, 1994. The paper specifically reviews the economic impact of the earthquake, as well as the psychological aftermath for the residents of the area. It also discusses the news coverage of the earthquake and general related information.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Economic Impact
Northridge Earthquake General Information
Northridge Earthquake News Coverage
Suicides Due to the Northridge Earthquake
Psychological Distress Following the Northridge Quake
From the Paper
"While the earthquake itself didn't result in an increased rate of suicides, the same publication (Prehospital and Disaster Medicine) with mostly the same authors (Bourque, Shoaf, et al, 2002) shows that there was additional psychological distress on the day of the quake. On an average day in LA County there are an estimated 60-80 deaths associated with "cardiovascular events" (IHD, "ischemic heart disease" - heart attacks - and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease ACD). Meanwhile, in the 16 days preceding the January 17 Northridge quake deaths associated with IHD and ACD averaged 73 per day; on the day of the quake, 125 IHD / ACD death occurred. But for the rest of the month of January following the 17th, the average dropped to 57 deaths per day attributed to IHD and ACD."
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Qualitative Coding Scheme for Discussion Forum, 2008.
Describes a qualitative coding scheme for an online discussion forum on Chinese history.
2,813 words (approx. 11.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 83.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a coding scheme for an online discussion forum of Chinese history that would be concerned with the strengths and weaknesses of emperors and leaders of that nation and their use of strategies to enforce ideological views during their reigns.
Outline:
Background
Foundations for Defining a Coding Scheme
Coding Scheme Definition
From the Paper
"Typically when students on online discussion forums are argumentative and pervasive, the level of rationality of arguments is shown. In devising a coding scheme specifically on this dimension, authors Habermas and Cohen both state that the best approach to coding this attribute is to devise this variable into two states, that of reasoning and logic of the specific argumentative or persuasive component, and for the second, the reasons that the persuasive arguments are framed and presented from the standpoint of the current good. In the context of the current discussion forums being evaluated, there are many debates as to who is the best ruler of China from historical analysis, in addition to an elite-level status of a select group of rulers. This specific variable as part of the coding scheme, rationality, captures the logic and reason of how the collective group of students is first defining this "elite" level class to begin with, and second, defining how history will ultimately view their contributions to Chinese society."
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"The Great Gatsby", 2008.
This paper focuses on F. Scott Fitzgerald's novel, "The Great Gatsby" in order to demonstrate that this classic American novel was representative of themes particularly prevalent during the 1920s.
915 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the history of the United States during the 20th century as being one of upheaval, desperation, affluence, and wars. According to the essay, one of the most fascinating eras during this stormy century is the 1920s, also known as the Roaring Twenties or the Jazz Age. This is the focus of F. Scott Fitzgerald's novel, "The Great Gatsby". In this novel, the character of Daisy represents the spirit of this wild decade. As the socialite of the novel, she attends all the parties she can and acts as Gatsby's constant companion. However, she is also representative of how unhappy even the rich could be when finally realizing that the meaning of life could not be found only by partying. In this, Fitzgerald created the classic American novel that addresses the particular themes that were prevalent during the 1920s. Indeed, Fitzgerald's own life could be seen as a case study serving as a model for the novel.
From the Paper
"The affluence during this time also led to a boost in consumerism (Wright, 2000). Competition between manufacturers increased, with radio and print advertising reaching new heights. Automobiles became important elements of family life and also of Fitzgerald's novels. As such, they were symbols of the prosperity of the time. Perhaps the basic shallowness of the lifestyle during this time with its fleeting pleasures serves a prophetic function in terms of the Great Depression to come. This initial excitement and later disillusion can be seen in the parallels between of the era with both Gatsby's story and Fitzgerald's life. The characters at the beginning of the novel are optimistic and happy, enjoying their wealth and free time. As they move through the novel, their disillusionment with the inadequacy and shallowness of their lifestyle becomes increasingly obvious. The same happens for Fitzgerald himself.
"According to Matthew J. Bruccoli's brief biography (1994), Fitzgerald began his career as writer by submitting stories to mass-circulation magazines in 1919. There is a poetic significance in this beginning. His career begins with a sense of optimism and success, like the 1920s, and like Gatsby's story. During this time, The Saturday Evening Post was his best market, for which Fitzgerald's stories often featured the character of an independent, determined young American woman. This was a suitable preliminary to Fitzgerald's sudden success during 1920."
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The Anglican and Orthodox Churches, 2008.
Compares the multiple jurisdictions and lack of unity plaguing both Anglicanism and Orthodoxy in America.
4,180 words (approx. 16.7 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 111.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the origins, core values and doctrines of the Anglican Church and of the Orthodox Church, which comprise several denominations. The paper explains that while the Anglicans and Orthodoxy view each other as being dissimilar, they can never deny that they are of the same faith and belief since these are all centered on the belief of the Risen Christ and the love He preached. The paper also reports on the achievements of the Lambeth Conference, which attempted to pave the way for a future possible unification of the divided churches especially on the American continent.
From the Paper
"The Orthodox Church traces its beginnings to "the one, undivided Church, said to have begun on the day of Pentecost, 50 days after the Resurrection of Christ. Already by the 4th century the term 'Orthodox Christian' was used to designate those Christians who remained faithful to the totality of the teaching of Jesus Christ and the apostles, as opposed to those who were known as 'heretics' who promoted false doctrines and beliefs. The term 'orthodox' means 'correct believing' or 'correct, true glory.'"
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Claudia "Lady Bird" Taylor Johnson, 2008.
Looks at former first lady Claudia "Lady Bird" Taylor Johnson's contribution to the environment.
975 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Claudia "Lady Bird" Taylor Johnson, the wife of President Lyndon Johnson, during and after her husband's time in the White House, was involved with several environmental initiatives, which continue to make an impact decades later. The paper describes Lady Bird's efforts to make cities and highways throughout the U.S. more beautiful and relates that Lady Bird promoted legislation to protect the environment, although today not all laws remain in place. The writer also states that, as other first ladies, Lady Bird Johnson also knew that her place was to support her husband on his own personal issues.
Outline:
Introduction
Each First Lady Had Something of Her Own on which to Work, be in Healthcare, the Arts or Social Services
Lady Bird Johnson, Wife of Lyndon, Had Her Own Personal Issue
As Other First Ladies, She Will Always be Remembered for her Impact
Environment, the One Word to Sum up Lady Bird's Contribution
Quote: "Ugliness is so Grim..."
Beauty without and within People is her Legacy
Scenic America Considers Her its Spiritual Godmother and Inspiration
History behind Beautification Legislation
Bird Started the Committee for a More Beautiful Campaign Due to Run-Down and Decrepit Conditions in Washington, D.C.
Effort Grew from Cross City, to Neighborhood to Neighborhood to Across the U.S.
Her Committee Planted Trees and Flowers at Major Landmarks, and They Still Remain Today
As Momentum Increased, Wildflowers Began Replacing Ugly Billboards across the Country, and the Media Followed Her Ongoing Clean-Up Act
Despite Cynicism about Big Industry and Loop Holes, Legislation was Passed
Further Environmental Movements
She Pushed Hard from the Wilderness Act of 1964, Land, the Wild and Scenic Rivers Program and Expansion of National Parks
Made Littering A Public Acknowledged Problem and Led to Increase in Anti-Pollution Culture in 1970s
In 1982, National Wildlife Research Center
Grand Canyon and National Concerns
Problems Reappeared, as with any Legislation
Some states have Reneged on Billboard Usage; Others Continue the Fight
Still Better Than Situation Would Have Been
Conclusion--Why She Did It. Quotes.
From the Paper
"Unfortunately, as with many laws, the Highway Beautification legislation was not tight enough to keep the large concerns from moving through the loop holes, and the small concerns, as those along Route 66, to suffer the consequence. Time went on, and the number of billboards continued to grow. Today, the billboard blight is worse in some states than others and environmental groups actively work together to keep additional laws from making matters worse."
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The Han Dynasty and the Roman Empire, 2008.
Compares the historically recorded characteristics of the Han Dynasty with the Roman Empire.
965 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Han Dynasty (202 BC to 220 AD) in the east and the Roman Empire (27 BC to 5th century AD ) in the west were two of the most powerful empires that ruled over vast sections of the world population in the ancient times. The author points out that, although the two civilizations were a considerable distance from each other and had little interaction, there were many similarities in their culture. The paper describes the hierarchical stratification, the differing treatment of slaves, the gender roles and the modern legacy of each society.
From the Paper
"The Chinese women of the Han period also played a secondary role in the political, social and cultural lives as compared to men. However, in the Chinese society of the period the importance of the role of the women in a family especially that of a mother and a mother-in-law was duly recognized. For example, the head of the family, who wielded unquestioned power over the family, could be a woman if she was the oldest living member."
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Women and the Gold Rush, 2008.
This paper looks at the role of women during the California Gold Rush.
2,047 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer maintains that all of the events of westward expansion and manifest destiny are very important, but the most significant event which caused westward expansion in the late 1840s was the California Gold Rush. The writer focuses on the women that were involved in the gold rush and what their actual roles were. The writer notes that this is very important because most people do not realize how women like Louise Amelia Clappe and others like her affected the gold rush and what took place at that time in history. The writer concludes that the extreme greed that over took many people, the violence and tragedy that broke out over the desire for wealth, and the destruction of the native people of California made the California gold rush one of the most tumultuous times in history.
From the Paper
"The most famous tales of the California Gold Rush say that in January of 1848, James Marshall, who was an employee of John Sutter, was building a sawmill. This incomplete mill was what would later become known as Sutter's Mill, and it is where the first piece of gold that consequently started the California Gold Rush was found. Sutter received the property from the Mexican government, as he talked them into granting him 48,000 acres in the Sacramento Valley. Unfortunately, the land that the Mexican government granted to Sutter was already owned by Indians who had been in that area a great deal longer than any Mexican or American settlers. The ranch that Sutter lived on was run and staffed almost entirely by Indians. There is some discrepancy about whether or not Sutter treated his Indian workers well, or whether they were used more as slaves."
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The Soviet Union - Stable or Unstable?, 2008.
An analysis of the history of the Soviet Union.
936 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the topic of Soviet Union history. The paper also discusses whether the Soviet Union was a relatively stable dictatorship that lasted seven decades or a primarily unstable system that collapsed of its own weight. The paper explains that communist, democratic and autocratic, the history of the Soviet Union is as diverse as the country itself. The paper then points out that many factors contributed to the instability of the country, from dictatorial leaders, corrupt political parties, and oppression to poor economic policies and social unrest. The paper concludes that the Soviet Union made great strides during the 20th century, but it could not keep up with the west in economic, political, or social arenas, and so, the Soviet Union gave up communism, returned to democracy, and became even more unstable as it broke up into smaller entities and is still unstable.
From the Paper
"Socially, the Soviet Union began on extremely shaky roots. The Bolshevik Revolution took place in 1917, and disposed the monarchy, creating instead a Communist state. However, civil wars plagued the new Communist regime until the 1920s, and there were many who fought the overthrow of the Tsar and his family. Before the Revolution, peasants worked the land for the nobles and ultimately the Tsar. Author Suny notes, "Tsar and noble supported each other, maintaining a stable political regime that could defend the realm against foreign threats, keep the various nobles from fighting each other, collect taxes and keep order over the immense spread of the Russian lands, and preserve the nobles' hold over their peasant serfs" (Suny 12)."
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Saddam Hussein, Kuwait, and the Gulf Crises, 2008.
A look at some of the issues leading up to Desert Storm.
4,686 words (approx. 18.7 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 120.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses some of the issues that led up to Desert Storm, and delves into the Gulf crisis from an historical and political point of view - and from the perspective of the United States (including those of George Herbert Walker Bush and George W. Bush).
Outline:
A Brief Look at the Late Dictator
Why Hussein went into Kuwait
Powell Assertion Number One
Powell Assertion Number Two
Powell Assertion Number Three
Powell Assertion Number Four
Powell Assertion Number Five
From the Paper
"During the last two decades or so of Saddam's life, he was known as "the madman of the Middle East" in some Western circles, but journalist Jerrold M. Post, writing in the journal Political Psychology, asserts that there is "no evidence that he [was] suffering from a psychotic disorder." That having been said, Post added that while Hussein was "psychologically in touch with reality," he was frequently politically "out of touch with reality" (Post 284) and had a worldview that was "narrow and distorted." Moreover, he was a "ruthless political calculator" who went to "whatever lengths are necessary to achieve his goals.
"Post explains that the crisis created when Saddam's armies invaded Kuwait provided him with "the opportunity to defy the hated outsiders, a strong value in his Ba'th ideology" (Post 286). Saddam enjoyed casting the conflict as a "struggle between two gladiators," Post wrote; those two were "Saddam Hussein vs. George Bush."
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The Sixties, 2008.
Looks at the U.S. intercultural tensions of the 1960s, the Viet Nam war period.
2,725 words (approx. 10.9 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 81.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the changes that took place in the U.S., as a result of the student rebellion against the war in Viet Nam. The author describes the history of the U.S. involvement in this war and the student riots against it and the establishment. The author relates that not since the Civil War was the nation so divided. The paper uses quotes from songs and writings from 1960s to demonstrate the tone of this period.
From the Paper
"The National Guard had naively marched down a hill to a field in the midst of the angry demonstrators, then back up again. Just a matter of seconds before they would have passed around the corner of a large building and out of sight of the crowd, for some reason a few of the guardsmen fired directly into the students, hitting 13. Guardsmen later said they fired at specific unarmed targets, such as one man shooting a demonstrator who was giving him the finger. The unarmed students who were shot ranged from 60 feet to 700 feet away from the guardsmen."
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The "Secret Six", 2008.
A review of Otto J. Scott's "The Secret Six: John Brown and the Abolitionist Movement", one of the most comprehensive looks at America preceding the Civil War.
892 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 0 sources, $ 31.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at Otto J. Scott's "The Secret Six: John Brown and the Abolitionist Movement" where Scott explores the origin, meaning and consequence of modern terrorism through a discussion of the radicalism of the early abolitionist movement. The paper asserts that Scott's personal agenda is evident throughout the book, and he therefore can not be established as a credible author. The paper concludes, however, that in general he would recommend this book for its entertaining and disturbing analysis into the minds of John Brown and his six co-conspirators.
From the Paper
"Scott is concerned in this book with the radicalism of the early abolitionist movement; he explores the origin, meaning and consequence of modern terrorism. The book follows the story of the "Secret Six" the six wealth individuals who funded and encouraged Brown in his murders and plans for revolution. These six individuals were all well respected members of society, Thomas Higginson, Samuel Howe, Theodore Parker, Gerrit Smith, Franklin Sanborn and George Luther Stearns. These individuals not only encouraged Brown to commit his acts but actively collected money to fun him. They were able to raise over a period of three years, enough money for Brown to assemble a strong artillery staple needed for his revolution."
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Women in the 1960s, 2008.
This paper discusses the roles of women in the 1960s, along with societal changes affecting these roles.
2,593 words (approx. 10.4 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 78.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how the 1960s brought about a great deal of change in American life as we know it today. These changes included the passing of the civil rights bill and the women's liberation movement. Both the civil rights and the women's liberation movement have been explored in a great deal of literature about the 1960s. This paper examines everyday life for women in the 1960s. The author focuses on educational and workforce opportunities in addition to family and marriage.
Outline:
Introduction
Life for women in the 1960s
Education and Job opportunities
Marriage and Family
Women's Liberation Movement
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Although single motherhood was becoming more prevalent it still wasn't as accepted as it is today so many young women got married. Some married women were able to be stay at home mothers if their spouses had good jobs. However, this was usually only the case if the husband had some type of higher education. In many cases if both the husband and the wife only had high school diplomas or did not graduate from high school they both would have to work outside of the home.
"For women who could afford to stay home with their children, much of their daily lives were relegated to managing the home. Women would be responsible for cooking, cleaning, childcare, running errands and the like. Women would also be responsible for ensuring that different community or family functions (eg, birthdays, bridal showers) took place and ran smoothly. Although both working women and housewives were expected to maintain the home, women were becoming increasingly more significant in public life. This was a marked contrast from the 1950's when women's roles were more defined.
"Regardless of whether a woman was a housewife or part of the workforce her daily routine would include taking care of children; whether it be getting them to school, caring for them in the home or sending them to day care. If a woman worked and was also a mother she had to balance work life with home life. In some cases fathers began to take a more active role in the lives of their children but most of the responsibility in rearing children and attending to domestic affairs was left to the woman."
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WWI in "Voices of Freedom", 2008.
This paper analyzes the transitional period around WWI, as presented in Chapter 19 of Eric Froner's "Voices of Freedom."
1,541 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the period covered in the primary documentation associated with Chapter 19 of Eric Foner's "Voices of Freedom", as a period of transition. It states that the era surrounding World War I demonstrates a time when the definitions of intrinsic values were being challenged and reassessed almost on a constant basis. From 1916-1920 America was involved in reformulating what values it was said to hold dear and the official take on what those values mean was often one that did not meet with everyone's approval. From President Wilson's speech admonishing American business for being too isolationist and short sited in international dealings to the final work in which Fitch expresses the context of regional labor strikes, there is a sense of a collective demand for change as well as a reassertion of the cries for freedom and even a reevaluation of the very definitions of freedom and democracy. Furthermore, the author asserts that each of these messages, from texts and transcripts that were written and felt between 1916 and 1920, is a timely message about the modern world.
From the Paper
"Realizing with new zest and fear of democracy not being the underpinning of this peaceful conquest that Wilson speaks of a law is passed that bans free speech, when such speech could be seen as contrary to the cause of WWI and democracy, Congress and Wilson pass the Espionage act of 1917, creating yet another reason for protest, of the forgetting of the derisive nature of the past. Debs, in his speech could be talking about the Patriot Act, allowing government to overstep its constitutional boundaries, once again, some would say. Debs admonishes congress and the officials overseeing his trial, again naming names. (94-98) Bourne discusses disenfranchisement, as it is associated with old versus new immigrants and rightfully asks the do-gooders trying to Americanize immigrants to remember that they were also once immigrants who were given credit for establishing freedom and now taking it away by forcing their own brand of Americanism on the new comers."
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Portuguese and Spanish Conquests: 1450 - 1550, 2008.
An analysis of the greatness of Portugal and Spain between 1450 and 1550, particularly with regards to their expeditions and conquests.
1,568 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the formation of the first colonial empires, namely those of Spain and Portugal. It then discusses some of the naval expeditions that were organized at the orders of the kings of Spain and Portugal and how these expeditions resulted in significant discoveries on the part of European explorers. The paper aims to illustrate that, although the Spanish colonial empire was very large as far as total surface, it was Portugal that represented the greatest naval power with world-wide long-lasting impact.
From the Paper
"The first global empire in the history of mankind, the Portuguese Empire consisted of a group of territories with distinct geographical and racial features, but unified by the same identity and ideals, by a common language and religion. These territories were Cape Verde, Guinea and Angola in West Africa, S. Thomas and Principe located in the Gulf of Guinea, Mozambique in East Africa, far-off Timor in Indonesia, India and Macau in the China Sea. All these territories made up the same whole, i.e. a political organism. This political organism, consisting of Mother-Country, colonies and adjacent islands - called the Portuguese Nation, was considered unitary and indivisible (Ferreira Mendes: 230) and spanned from the middle of the 15th century until the independence of Macau, the last territory that was still part of the former Portuguese Empire, in 1999."
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"Wealth and Poverty of Nations", 2008.
A review of David Landes' arguments in "Wealth and Poverty of Nations: Why Some Are So Rich and Some So Poor" and "he Unbound Prometheus: Technological Change and Industrial Development in Western Europe From 1750 to the Present."
1,301 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses some of the reasons that influenced Europe's rise to power over the centuries. It specifically discusses David Landes' arguments regarding the combination of environment and culture and their importance, as he discusses in his books, "Wealth and Poverty of Nations: Why Some Are So Rich and Some So Poor" and "he Unbound Prometheus: Technological Change and Industrial Development in Western Europe From 1750 to the Present."
From the Paper
"Continued growth is dependant on the establishment of a number of different factors including the creation of social and political institutions as security of property; rights of contract and of personal liberty that included social and geographic mobility; and a stable, responsive, honest, and relatively efficient government. Landes recognizes that this is an ideal that no society has ever met, but argues that to a certain degree such characteristics and therefore the resulting institutions have promoted economic and social progress, while their significant absence has acted as a barrier to the continued process of economic growth and extended well being."
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Martin Luther King, Jr. and the Civil Rights Movement, 2008.
A review of the book "Why We Can't Wait" by Martin Luther King, Jr.
852 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the book "Why We Can't Wait" by Martin Luther King, Jr. which describes the 1963 struggle for civil rights that climaxed with legislation that ended segregation in the United States. The paper looks at how this book is written in graphic terms, in language that is intended to move people. The paper also points out that the chapters in the book are, in essence, written sermons. The paper then explains why "Why We Can't Wait" is an important document concerning this period of segregation and oppression of black people in America.
From the Paper
"In the opening chapter, Dr. King addresses the question, "Why 1963?" and summarizes the many events that brought the emotional crisis which black people had endured to a head. Segregationists were proving the depth of their intransigence. Africa was moving to full independence, yet in much of America neither African diplomats to the United States nor United States Marines were accorded basic human decency. To combat this situation, Dr. King had studied and been profoundly influenced by the doctrine of non-violence, which he discusses in his second chapter, "The Sword That Heals.""
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Origins of World War I, 2008.
This paper provides an outline of Chapter 2 of "Origins of the War" by Sidney B. Fay.
982 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
The paper reviews Chapter 2 of "Origins of the War" by Sidney B. Fay entitled "The System of Secret Alliances, 1871-1890: Domination of the Eastern Empires". The paper looks at Fay's analysis of the consequences of the Franco-Prussian War, the allegiance of Russia, Austria and Germany known as the League of the Three Emperors and its dissolution. The paper also outlines Fay's perspective on the Austro-German Alliance, the recreation of the Alliance of the Three Emperors, the Russo-German "Re-Insurance Treaty," the Triple Alliance, Romania Alliance and Franco-Russian Alliance. In addition, the paper looks at how Fay highlights the end of the Eastern Empire domination and the wheels being set in motion toward World War I.
Outline:
Consequences of the Franco-Prussian War
League of the Three Emperors, 1872-1878
Near Eastern Crisis, 1875-1878
Austro-German Alliance of 1879
Alliance of the Three Emperors, 1881-1887
Russo-German "Re-Insurance treaty," 1887-1890
Triple Alliance of 1882
Romania Alliance of 1883
Breakdown of the Wire to Russia in 1890
German Relations, 1871-1890
From the Paper
"In this section, Fay discusses how Germany had remained politically and socially weak from the time of the Thirty Years War in the seventeenth century, and was subject to French policy, which was determined to keep Germany weak and divided. Germany dealt with the problem directly and expelled Austria from its rule by the Prussian victory at Sadowa, and established the North German Federation, although under Prussian rule. France was now the underling and Germany was the strong enemy. Bismarck was highly criticized by the French for the annexation of Alsace-Lorraine, however, Fay's view is that Bismarck was just doing what is common during war and after victory. Nonetheless, Fay surmises that this decision was so pervasive and so angered France that it became one of the main underlying causes for World War I. In essence, Fay lays the fault of World War I right on the doorstep of Germany."
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