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Motorcycle Clubs, 2008.
This paper looks at the real situation of motorcycle clubs today.
740 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
The paper outlines the background and history of motorcycle clubs and looks at these clubs today. The paper relates that most clubs are law abiding and enjoy good relations with their local communities.
Outline:
Background and History
Modern Motorcycle Clubs
Positive Community Relations
Conclusion
From the Paper
"After the end of World War II in 1945, hundreds of thousands of American GIs began the process of re-assimilating into American society after an absence of up to four years in many cases. Initially, their resources were limited and some of the most economical private motorized transportation choices were surplus military equipment, including first issue Jeeps and motorcycles, particularly Harley Davidsons used as staff vehicles during the war."
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Mine Safety, 2008.
A review of current technological innovations to improve mine safety.
1,592 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper states that identifying opportunities for improvements in existing techniques in mine safety represents a timely field of endeavor. The paper then provides a review of the relevant peer-reviewed, scholarly and organizational literature to develop an overview of the various types of sensors currently being used in rescue operations when looking for trapped miners, including gas sensors, heat detectors, pressure gauges and new camera technologies. A discussion of how these technologies are currently deployed as well as what mining experts recommend for the use of these technologies is followed by an assessment of their environment impact. A summary of the research and recommendations for further directions in future research are provided in the conclusion.
Outline:
Review and Discussion
Regulation and Oversight of Mines in the United States
Historic Incidence of Disasters and Incidents in U.S. MinesInnovations in Mine Safety Technology
Environmental Considerations
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Given the enormity of the impact of existing mining operations on the environment, the introduction of the foregoing technologies is considered virtually benign in comparison. Indeed, none of the innovations in technology described in the literature were deemed to have a significant impact on the environment in general, but these technologies were considered to contribute a great deal to the safety of the mining workplace in particular, especially to the extent that devices such as gas and pressure sensors are preinstalled in mines."
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Silica Usage and Safety, 2008.
This paper discusses the qualities, uses and safety measures of silica.
1,353 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that silica is an extremely important component in many industries, including the construction, pharmaceutical, cosmetic chemical and computer industries. The paper explains its special qualities, notably that it withstands sudden changes in temperature. The paper discusses how the inhalation of fine silica dust in large enough quantities can lead to the disease of silicosis and addresses the common safety measures. The paper also looks at the specific storage and transport requirements for inert silica.
Outline:
Introduction and Overview
Usage
Safety, Storage and Worker Protection
From the Paper
"This substance was discovered in 1824 by the Swedish chemist Jons Jakob Berzelius. (SILICON or SILICA) It has an atomic number of fourteen and has various metallic characteristics. An important fact is that silica is never found in its natural state but as a silicate ion (SiO4), combined with oxygen. (SILICON or SILICA). It is found in silica-rich rocks such as obsidian, granite, diorite, and sandstone. Feldspar and quartz are the most significant silicate minerals. (SILICON or SILICA). Silica is also be found in "... skeletal parts of various protists and animals, such as certain sarcodines ...diatoms , and sponges , and in the stems and other tissue of higher plants" ( Silica)."
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ExxonMobil, 2008.
This paper provides a company overview and analysis of ExxonMobil.
4,761 words (approx. 19.0 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 122.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer explains that ExxonMobil is currently the world's leader in the petrochemical industry and its business operations are expanded onto the six continents, with a presence in nearly 200 countries. The corporation activates through three major business segments: upstream, downstream and chemicals. They encounter competition from both national as well as international oil and natural gas extractors, the most important ones being English BP, American Chevron and Royal Dutch Shell. The writer notes that the corporation has a strong culture and values their people and customers alike. THe writer maintains that understanding the true importance of energy, ExxonMobil strives to constantly improve their technologies and increase the efficiency of their operations as to serve the population's needs, but also protect the environment. The writer discusses that even though they face fierce competition and major criticism from environmental organizations, ExxonMobil remains the strongest company in its sector. The paper presents a SWOT analysis and financial analysis of the company and includes graphs and charts.
Outline:
Executive Summary
Company Profile
SWOT Analysis
Competitors' Analysis
Financial Analysis
Financial Highlights
Financial Ratios
Stock Performance
Conclusions
From the Paper
"ExxonMobil has a long expertise in the field of extracting natural gas and oils and providing the population with the necessary energy. They conduct business in almost 200 countries and they have learnt how to become increasingly adaptable to the particular needs of each country and each served population. In addition to their vast expertise, the corporation conducts business in an efficient and effective manner, being led by the highest professionals. The management has implemented a wide series of regulations of corporate conduct, which ensure that the corporate objectives are being reached in a professional and safe manner.
"Another strength derives from the wide series of operations conducted, the products and services offered to the customers, including the upstream, downstream and chemical operations.
"Yet another strength of ExxonMobil derives from the corporate culture they implement in regard to their human resource. As such, the Texas based company cherishes and values their employees, regarding them as the company's most valuable asset and the only path to reaching organizational goals. In order to prove their cherishing of the staff, the company offers them a long array of financial and non-financial incentives."
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Endangered Marine Life, 2008.
An analysis of the effects of pollution on marine life.
2,723 words (approx. 10.9 pages), 13 sources, APA, $ 81.95
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Abstract
The purpose of this research paper is to provide an analysis of the pseudorca crassidens, phocoenoides dalli, and Cephalorhynchus eutropia. Information about the phylum, class, order, family and genus, as well as background information and the effects of human interaction are provided for each species. Because the effects of pollution are similar for all three species and marine life in general, the paper closes by providing a section dedicated to pollution and its effects on these species, marine life in general and human beings.
Outline:
Introduction
Pseudorca Crassidens - False Killer Whale Species
Effects of Pollution
Effects of Human Interactions
Efforts to Control Pollution or Humanitarian Efforts
Phocoenoides Dalli - Dalli's Porpoise
Background on Species
Effects of Human Interactions
Efforts to Control Pollution or Humanitarian Efforts
Cephalorhynchus Eutropia
Background on Species
Effects of Human Interactions
Efforts to Control Pollution or Humanitarian Efforts
Effects of Pollution on Marine Life
From the Paper
"Pseudorca crassidens are not a species of dolphin that humans tend to hunt for commercial purposes, thus they live is slightly less influenced by human interaction than other species. However, many are caught as "bycatch" most commonly in places that allows "long-line fishing" (MarineBio.org, 2007). Some believe however, despite the fact that these dolphins or marine mammals are not hunted specifically, may be "genetically extinct, with less than 80 or so species found off the coast of Hawaii" where these mammals typically swim and linger (MarineBio.org, 2007). Because of the lack of genetic diversity there is some risk for mutations, which ultimately will lead to their demise. At this point there is little humans can do to correct past wrongs to remedy this situation. "
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The Role of Karst Processes in Limestone Caves, 2008.
A review of the importance and role of Karst processes in forming limestone caves.
2,125 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
The paper defines "Karstification" and explains how it is formed. The paper further discusses the climate, the geomorphic features and the structural characteristics that are necessary for its occurrence and stresses the value, and importance of such a process.
Outline:
Process involved in Creating and Altering Karst Formations
Hydrologic Recharging Systems for Developing and Maintaining Limestone Caves
The Value of Limestone Caves Created by Karstification
From the Paper
"Why are limestone caves created by karstification important? First, those who study cave ecology consider them to be arks of biodiversity (Clements 2006). They have a particularly high percentage of endemic species due to the special habitat conditions formed by the chemistry and geology of karst caves. From West Virginia to Ireland and all over the world, these types of caves develop entire interdependent systems of insects, vertebrates, amphibians, and mammals in a delicate balance of darkness, humidity, and temperature. For instance in the Appalachians, these limestone caves are home to a wider variety of aquatic and terrestrial cave species than any other subterranean landscape in the world. Creatures have adapted over thousands of generations to life in total darkness, and their need for protection or escape seems to have diminished .
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Salt Weathering, 2008.
Researches and examines the differences in salt weathering upon chalk limestone coasts versus hard-rock coasts.
1,615 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the erosion of limestone and hard rock along coastlines throughout the world results in the formation of specific types of landforms due to the minerals and rocks that are pulled from erosion into the sea and redeposition. The paper then explains that saltwater erosion takes two forms: impact erosion and erosion from the acidity in the saltwater. Limestone rocks are eroded due to the infiltration of water into the rocks, which breaks down the composition of rocks. Harder rocks are eroded through a process of impaction by the saltwater and the participles of rock and sand in the water. The paper also explains that, as these rocks erode, new formations result because the particles of erosion are placed in different locations along the coastline. Several illustrations, tables and figures are included with the paper.
Table of Contents:
Objective
Introduction
Erosion of Coastlines
Formation of Coastlines
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"Along rocky coastlines where the action of waves has not occurred long enough to lower the coastline to the level of the sea a "wave cut beach and wave cut cliff develops."If a "subsequent uplift of the wave-cut beach occurs, it may be preserved above sea level and as marine terrace." Eventually the cliff will retreat due to processes of undercutting which result in mass-wasting processes. In the case of differential erosion sea caves result. The sea arch is formed from sea caves from opposite sides of a rocky headland meeting; however, when the sea arch weakens and collapses, the formation of a sea stack occurs."
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Marine Conservation, 2008.
This paper discusses marine conservation and governmental intervention to impact the declining health of the marine environment.
4,800 words (approx. 19.2 pages), 20 sources, APA, $ 122.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the growth and development of the marine industry has been sustained by the rise and application of newer technologies, innovative business ideas and incentives given by the government. The writer then points out that with the turn of the twentieth century, one witnessed marine resources being widely explored and exploited for profit making. This exploration and exploitation has been enabled mainly by improved and enhanced technological innovations, which included fully developed and customized boats, fishing, digging and navigational equipment. This mushroom growth has left behind the institutions that are responsible for regulating marine laws. The writer discusses that Governments have been unable to maintain their regulatory measures with the pace of growth assumed by the private sector. The writer concludes that one of the most successful endeavors for the promoting of marine preservation and marine life protection has been the Greenpeace project that has been pressuring international and national governments to make and implement laws that protect the underwater environment, the animals and the future of the under water life. There is still a long way to go and sincere steps have to be taken to ensure comprehensive marine conservation
Outline:
Introduction
Background to the Problem
Marine Conservations Organizations
The First Law: The Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act
The Second Law: The Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA)
The Third Law: Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act - Ocean Dumping
Conclusion
From the Paper
" Organizations engaged in political campaigning to pressurize Congress to pass laws and enforce them countrywide use public awareness and attention to rally support for their cause. The more public support they acquire, the higher the propensity of politicians jumping in the marine conservation campaign. Coast Alliance is one organization that can be considered as an ideal example for organizations that are currently active in political campaigning and gathering local support. It currently has coalition partners (other non-profit organizations) across America, all of whom are striving for maximum results. Similarly, Earthjustice is another organization that has been proactive engaged in the enforcement of existing laws representing hundreds of other marine conservation organizations. In addition, Marine Conservation Biology Institute aims to rally the scientific community on one platform in order to facilitate scientific research and set agendas for policy issues and pass on accurate information to both government and public."
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Fiber Reinforced Polymers and Earthquakes, 2008.
A research proposal to examine the improvement in the seismic behavior of timber structures using fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP).
1,564 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how increasing the strength and improving the behavior of timber structures during periods of seismic stress is a worldwide concern and how structural collapse is one of the most frequent causes of death during an earthquake. It proposes a study to examines the hypothesis that timber bonded to CFRP will withstand the stresses of horizontal displacement longer than timber alone, or CFRP alone. It also explores new techniques of bonding CFRP to timber in order to produce a structure that can withstand horizontal and frequency displacement by earthquakes. The ultimate goal of the proposed study is to improve design to withstand seismic activity and minimize deaths in earthquake prone regions.
Outline:
Theoretical Background
Hypothesis
Methodology
From the Paper
"An earthquake is defined in terms of the degree of horizontal displacement and the frequency of this displacement. Song & associates (2002) used finite element analysis to test failure parameters of various types of reinforced concrete shell structures. They used a layered shell element with a pressure node. The layered shell element used by them can be adapted to simulate the laminated bond of CFRP to the timber substrate. The parameters of this technique will be adapted to reflect the materials being tested. This finite element analysis technique will be subjected to the seismic stress factors discovered in Ciccoti & Associates (2006) in order to determine the amount of seismic strain that the three constructed models can withstand. "
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Early Tsunami Warning System, 2008.
A discussion which relates to the formulation of an early warning system for Tsunamis.
3,200 words (approx. 12.8 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 92.95
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Abstract
This paper defines the word "tsunami" and discusses the world wide interest in formulating an early warning system to prevent tidal waves such as that which occurred in previous years, from ever occurring again. The paper discusses various ideas and plans to install such systems and comments on their efficacy. It also discusses a proposed study, which seeks to identify the most effective method of coordinating and implementing a comprehensive integration of public and private services to provide the people of Thailand with a tsunami early warning system.
Outline:
Introduction
Background to the Study / Cause of the Problem.
Statement of the Problem / Problem Statement / Defining the Research Problem
Research Objective
Conceptualization
Method of Data Collection
Method of Data Analysis and Interpretation
Reference Technique Framework of the Proposed Dissertation
From the Paper
"A critical review of the relevant peer-reviewed, scholarly and organizational literature will be used to provide the background described above, as well as to identify any gaps in the existing tsunami warning system that are specifically relevant to Thailand's case. In this regard, Fraekel and Wallen (2001) emphasize that, "Both the opinions of experts in the field and other research studies are of interest. Such reading is referred to as a review of the literature" (p. 48). Likewise, Gratton and Jones (2003) note that a critical reviewing of the relevant literature is an important part of almost any type of research endeavor: "No matter how original you think the research question may be," they point out, "it is almost certain that your work will be building on the work of others."
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Shaped by Mother Nature, 2008.
This paper discusses the historical interaction between Californian societies and California's climate, location and geology.
2,247 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer explores the historical interaction between Californian societies and the state's climate, its location, and its curious geology - of which its vast stores of precious minerals is the most conspicuous feature. Although many things can potentially be said about this relationship, this paper argues that human societies in the Golden State have been profoundly shaped by their interaction - and occasional collision - with Mother Nature. The writer maintains that one cannot understand Californian society, where it has been and where it is going, without understanding its interaction to the environment. The paper looks at how human societies in California have been shaped by the region's environment, with particular attention being paid to the state's climate, geographic location and geology.
From the Paper
"Proceeding further, it must be borne in mind that California's geographic location has historically made it isolated - not least of all because wind flows made it difficult for pre-modern ships to travel up the coast, thereby discouraging travel from Latin America, Europe and the United States. At the same time, whatever human societies sprang up in California - especially those that rose to ascendance after the founding of the earliest American colonies - had to deal with the unhappy fact that the land they called their own was on the same continental land-mass as the rapidly-growing Americans; likewise, Mexico was not far of and they, too, had designs on completely subjugating the California territory. Interestingly, a case can be made that ongoing nineteenth century disputes with Mexican leaders and elites about the extent of Mexican central government control in California were scarcely less vehement and acrimonious than the disputes "Californios" would similarly have with unruly US settlers trying to turn the region into a possession of the burgeoning United States."
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"One Dead in the Attic": A Review, 2008.
A review of "One Dead in the Attic" by Christopher Rose.
1,178 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This is a review of Christopher Rose's book: "One Dead in the Attic" - written after Hurricane Katrina, in which people tell their story in their own words and in their own way. This reviewer feels that the way in which the victims of Katrina are allowed to share their experience is what makes "One Dead in the Attic" a unique and historical account of actual events.
From the Paper
"Christopher Rose is a newspaper reporter and through his own definition of his professional life he was inconsequential in his reporting of the goings on of glamorous people. Hurricane Katrina altered not only the course of his professional life it changed his character--the fibers of his being that made him who he was before August 29th, 2005. And me how did it change me--it made me grateful. Like all people I live in a bubble that encapsulates my family, friends and work. I watch the news from afar--it doesn't really penetrate my being unless it affects me personally. I am not from Southern Louisiana and I have never had to come together with my community to save my life. I feel I am a good representative of the people of the world that watched and made a conscious choice whether or not to help. Christopher Rose acted without thinking--he reacted to the crisis of Southern Louisiana and became one of the regions voices. Time has not quieted him--he has not walked away of forgotten the people of Southern Louisiana--he is still the people's voice. His book is filled with the voices, laughter, screams and cries of the people of Southern Louisiana."
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Lemieux Landslide, 2008.
This paper discusses geomorphology and looks at the Lemieux landslide in Canada.
2,187 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
The following paper looks at the Lemieux landslide that unfolded near Casselman, Ontario, in June of 1993. In particular, the writer looks at the geo-morphological history of the region wherein the slide took place and what characteristics of the local landscape made the landslide possible. Furthermore, the paper discusses how the local topography has changed since 1993 and the extent to which the academic literature has been able to offer new insights into the characteristics of the curious Leda Clay that makes landslides in the region of Casselman, Ontario relatively commonplace. Finally, the paper delves into what sort of financial incentives might be propelling research into the stability of the Lemieux Landslide territory and what the likely prospects are for successful development.
From the Paper
"Because Robinson's article pertaining to the Lemieux Landslide was penned less than three years ago, it remains worthwhile reading for those interested in how the site has changed in the intervening several years. To start with, Robinson informs his readers that there has been considerable erosion of the once-daunting sides of the crater, and re-vegetation has taken place on various spoil piles. Not to be overlooked, the South Nation River has carved an incision into the remaining debris. Despite these changes, one does not have to look for very long to see how many of the striking features of the original landslide - most notably its length and the considerable width of its destructive swath - remain conspicuous.
"At this juncture, some more time should be devoted to the Lemieux Landslide's history - or, to be more specific, the events that made the 1993 landslide possible. To begin with, Robinson's discussion of the curious Leda clay found in large quantities in the area deserves more elaboration."
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Hog's Back Falls, 2008.
An overview of the geomorphology of Hog's Back Falls.
2,268 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 0 sources, MLA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
This paper briefly details the geomorphology of Hog's Back Falls. To begin with, the paper looks at the modern incarnation of the falls as most local citizens understand it. Going further, the paper subsequently looks at the prehistoric development of the falls' site and the odd creatures that made the location their home eons ago. The stratigraphy of the region is then explored and the paper concludes by pointing out how the features of the Hog's Back Falls site cannot be fully understood until it is placed within a broader geographical matrix that includes a large portion of eastern Ontario. In closing, the Hog's Back Falls is a good example of how the changes wrought by mankind often pale beside the changes wrought by nature.
From the Paper
"In the crucial decades preceding this nation's official founding in 1867, the focus of attention was upon facilitating the commercial and mercantile growth of Upper Canada as much as possible. With this as the driving imperative, canal construction came to be seen as an excellent means of upgrading the province's infrastructure. Lt. Colonel John By took the lead in crafting the new artificial water-way system and the end result was not only a new canal, but also a new dam and a massive waste water weir capable of controlling the excess water of the Rideau River during its most swollen times in the spring ("Hog's Back Falls," para.1-4). Suffice it to say, this is what ordinary citizens of Ottawa think of when asked to describe the Hog's Back Falls."
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Renaissance Christianity, Natural Disasters and Witchcraft, 2008.
A look at how Christians throughout Europe responded to natural disasters and the ways in which they contributed to certain widespread notions of eschatology.
1,965 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that Christians, during the late medieval period and the proto-modern period before the advent of the Enlightenment, responded to disasters by seeking out scapegoats and attributing them to something they had done to incur the wrath of God. The paper points out that the determination to find scapegoats for pestilence or crop failure invariably led to the witch hunts that extended over a period encompassing roughly seven centuries, from about the thirteenth century until well into the nineteenth century. To better understand this phenomenon, the paper examines the eschatological assumptions of the age. The paper concludes that Christian eschatology had the effect, for many centuries, of convincing large numbers of Europeans that the return of the Almighty was near and that righteous Christians would fortify their souls by rooting out those who were heretical, unfaithful, and responsible for unnatural natural disasters.
From the Paper
"Between the thirteenth and nineteenth centuries, it is estimated that one million people in Europe were executed for witchcraft. Additionally, those witchcraft trials which have survived the passage of time appear to have frequently been conducted by ecclesiastical (Christian) courts. In the earliest trials, the institution of the Church took the lead role; by the end of the aforementioned period, it appears as though the Church was rarely, if ever, involved. In any case, whatever the amount of blame one wishes to affix to the European Christian Church, it would be inaccurate to suggest that only religious factors - however important - determined the actions of Europeans when confronted with a meteorological crisis they could not understand."
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Bonnechere Caves Formation, 2008.
This paper takes a look at the geomorphology of the Bonnechere Caves.
2,313 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer discusses the geomorphology of the Bonnechere caves in Eastern Ontario. Particularly, the paper examines the landscape features of the Bonnechere Caves and looks at what that appears to tell us about the forces acting upon the caves, the Bonnechere River and upon the Ottawa-Bonnechere corridor more commonly known as the Ottawa-Bonnechere graben. The writer then enters into a more detailed discussion of the formation of the caves themselves and how they have evolved over time. In the final analysis, the writer maintains that the Bonnechere Caves need to be situated within their proper geo-morphological context; that is to say, they must be understood as being - however notable - simply a simulacrum of enormously powerful tectonic and climactic shifts that re-formed the topography of Eastern Ontario long before the first humans arrived in the area.
From the Paper
"Continuing onward, the landscape of the region also offers a peek at the isolation and undisturbed existence of the area for many millennia. To wit, given the geographic distance of the Bonnechere Caves, even today, from large metropolitan areas, it may be inferred that the landscape of the region was daunting and thus rarely penetrated by human beings; more than that, the boreal woodlands of the area were of such a nature that sedentary communities would have been largely impossible prior to the nineteenth century. Seen in that light, the pristine condition of the Bonnechere Caves until well into the nineteenth century is a tribute to the ability of natural geography to protect vulnerable ecologies and subterranean worlds from the depredation of humans."
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Global Warming in Australia and Worldwide, 2008.
An analysis of global warming and climate threats examined on a local (Brisbane), national (Australia), and global level.
1,390 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the climate threat of global warming on three different levels. First, on a local level, it examines the climate in Brisbane, Australia, a city that has experienced considerate climactic upheaval in recent years. Second, it examines the climate of Australia as a whole, a hot continent once renowned for its position below the largest hole in the ozone layer. Third, it examines the global climate. The paper maintains that, at local, national and international levels, climate threats are a very important, current concern. The paper concludes that, though climate threat has represented itself in Australia and Brisbane primarily under the guise of drought, heat, and decreased rain levels, on a global level this threat is represented by a wider variety of problems.
Outline:
Introduction
The Local Community: Brisbane
Throughout the Nation: Australia
Across the Globe
Maps (Appendix 1-3)
From the Paper
"The map of Brisbane (Appendix 1) demonstrates the water shortage problem in Brisbane. Climactically, this is one of Brisbane's biggest threats, as the city turns to the possibility of recycling sewage for drinking water. Light scattered rainfall is observable on the map south of Brisbane, towards the Gold Coast, in the Beenleigh, Logan and Coomera regions - though this rain stops short of Southport. Queensland mainland to the north of the map is experiencing no rain - a problem which has plagued farmers in the region for some time. Brisbane and the Greater Brisbane Area (Archerfield and Boondall) are also experiencing no rain. Scattered showers are continually hitting the same areas around Brisbane - the Gold Coast and some of the islands off the coast. The same local areas (Brisbane, and inland and north Queensland) are continually suffering, on the other hand, from high temperatures and no water."
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The Sustainability of Coal, 2007.
This paper examines the potential of coal as an environmentally responsible means of energy production.
1,053 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
The paper explores whether or not coal power can ever become a sustainable technology. The paper defines sustainability and explains that although coal power plants pollute the atmosphere, new technologies have made the idea of environmentally responsible coal power plants a possibility. The paper concludes that the use of coal in hyper-efficient gasification plants seems to be a viable, sustainable option.
From the Paper
"First we must articulate a conception of sustainability, a definition if you will. Conclusions about coal's sustainability will be largely arbitrary unless we establish from the outset a clear sense of what it means to be sustainable. This will provide the framework with which coal's potential to be a sustainable option can be evaluated. It is naive to think that sustainability is defined as an either-or proposition. Too often, definitions of sustainability imagine that a process, technology, or ideology is either sustainable or it is not."
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Geo-Information Science, 2007.
An analysis of the impact of geo-information science on the developing region of sub-Saharan Africa.
3,982 words (approx. 15.9 pages), 25 sources, APA, $ 108.95
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Abstract
This paper refers to a number of sub-Saharan African examples and discusses the scope of what geo-information science (GIS) has yet to offer such developing regions. It suggests that GIS is no different than any other technological innovations available to Third World countries. The paper also describes the ways in which GIS is limited by matters of application, interpretation and general human error.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Development Complications
What Remains the Same
Post-1989 Restructuring and 'Growth'
Water and the Future
Beyond Economics - Important Development Factors
Concluding Remarks
From the Paper
" Also, geo-information science methods may be more applicable at some times in matters having little to do with development as discussed. For example, spatial information visualization techniques may be more useful, for the time being, in assessing refugee flows across national borders, as the purposes to which countries hopes to devote them and to provide but one of many examples, how does one plan development with or without GIS input for border areas of Congo now settled by refugees from Rwanda, invited and uninvited? In the case of Zimbabwe, Robert Mugabe's self-styled government has created a condition of relative starvation, accepted much military aid from the People's Republic of China towards an unknown but nerve-wracking political undertaking, the world waiting to know how much food aid may be permitted into the country, in the next year or so. In 2006, it was announced that with Chinese technology, Internet usage in Zimbabwe would be 'bugged' and modem use most limited on account of Mugabe's fears concerning his opposition. (BBC: 2006) Clearly, this kind of regime or overall environment does not bode well for any sort of development or studies towards future planning; earlier, like various other African regimes, Zimbabwe has forced foreign journalists and other observers and occasional NGO aid workers to leave the country."
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