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The Cultural Role of Advertising on Society, 2008.
An analysis of the cultural role of advertising on society, as discussed by Sut Jhally in "Advertising at the Edge of the Apocalypse."
997 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes Sut Jhally's article, "Advertising at the Edge of the Apocalypse," in which he tackles the issue of the cultural role of advertising. It discusses his arguments regarding the influence of ads on society and the power of advertising as a global phenomenon. The paper also looks at Karl Marx' definition of western societies and how it relates to Jhally's arguments.
From the Paper
"The definition provided by Margaret Thatcher to the concept of 'society' can help elucidate the ways in which advertising relates to society. Thatcher said, "There is no such thing as 'society'. There are just individuals and their families." This definition means that society is not to be perceived as an entity made up of its members, but as a large group of individuals who follow their own interests. This is, in fact, how advertising relates to the idea of society. Ads do not address this idealistic united body of people, but individuals. This capitalist view of society opposes Marx's view which holds that society is not a collection of separate individuals with competing interests, but of competing classes which are determined and defined in terms of their relationship to production. I believe that the definition provided by Margaret Thatcher is better suited to the issue of advertising, and it accurately reflects the world we live in. In this sense, I argue in favor of Thatcher's view on society because I think that in society we operate as individuals. This could also account for the ways in which advertising talks to us; as Jhally points out, advertising does not address our collective concerns such as healthcare or poverty, but our individual values which in turn, determine our pattern of consumption."
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Fashion Print Media, 2008.
This paper provides an examination of the relationship between fashion print media coverage and fashion public relations in the United Kingdom today.
52,254 words (approx. 209.0 pages), 69 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This study aims at examining and understanding the relationship between fashion coverage within the UK print media and public relations with special attention to newspapers. The nature of fashion coverage is explored through content analysis of a cross section of UK newspapers, semi structured interviews with fashion PR professionals and industry insiders as well as through participant observation in order to identify the way fashion public relations as a discipline is applied and arguably the prime source for fashion print media coverage in the UK. Through careful examination of the strategies, methods and formulas applied by the fashion PR industry in order to promote fashion items and ensure print media coverage, the study contributes to knowledge by providing empirical foundation to the under researched area of fashion public relations. It adds to the existing knowledge emerging from other areas of public relations and draws attention to an important and established yet academically neglected part of the PR industry. The paper includes an appendix that contains interviews carried out with UK fashion PR professionals.
Table of Contents:
Chapter 1: Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Research Questions
Importance of Study
Scope of Study
Chapter 2:
Fashion Public Relations and the Fashion Print Media in the UK
Chapter 3: Methodology
Description of the Study Approach
Data-gathering Method and Database of Study
Chapter 4:
Review of Literature
Chapter 5:
Fashion PR the Creator of UK Fashion Print Media Coverage
Chapter 6:
The Celebrity Connection
Chapter 7:
UK Fashion Industry: Facts and Statistics
Chapter 8:
Fashion Photography and Its Relevance to Fashion PR
Chapter 9:
Research Findings
Chapter 10:
Case Study: The Rise, Fall and Even Bigger Rise of Kate Moss - Fashion
PR at Its Best?
Chapter 11: Conclusions
From the Paper
"The fashion director sets the journalistic calendar for the whole year, which is more of a framework with room for changes. The various articles and features are discussed with the whole fashion team and the editors are briefed on what to research and write about, photo shoots are also being scheduled. Newspapers as opposed to magazines have a tight schedule and work approximately a week up to a few days in advance. The tabloids are the prime employers of fashion staff, they employ not just one fashion team but groups of journalists covering different fashion related subject areas.
"With the emergence of newspaper supplements, some of which have a fashion focus, some of which are entirely devoted to fashion, such as the Sunday Times Style Magazine, newspapers employ more fashion staff. There is usually a separate fashion team for the supplements, as well as freelance fashion writers who are also used frequently for specific features. They often function as outside experts that are brought in to write about certain fashion trends or items."
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Masculinities in Advertising, 2008.
An analysis of the role that masculinity plays in television beer commercials throughout the Western world.
2,635 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 79.95
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Abstract
This paper questions whether feminism has contributed to a crisis of masculinity. It also questions if feminism has failed to bring its goals to the wider populace. In order to address these questions, the paper analyzes the role that masculinity plays in television beer commercials throughout the Western world. It shows how contemporary advertising - one of the key tools of globalization - works to re-enforce gender stereotypes and thus refers to a supposed ongoing crisis in masculinity - and gender performance in general.
From the Paper
"While it is interesting to note that beer commercials effectively enforce stereotypical notions of gender through performance, it could also be said that such forms of enforcement effectively point to a wider crisis in masculinity that feminism has helped bring about. Television commercials present an ideal world, one that is highly desirable to the average consumer. They present a world in which men are always masculine in a way that they no longer really are in the real world. Masculinity - and the performance of it - therefore becomes a sort of caricature. Alongside these depictions, stereotypical performances of femininity are also brought in as a means of re-enforcing the notion of the masculine being depicted on screen. In real life, men are not always so "masculine," nor are women always so "feminine" - each human being is a little bit of both. When we acknowledge this fact, we are naturally confused, owing to the normative ways in which society conditions us to perceive gender. Beer commercials thus help to erase a lot of that confusion - and, in their presentation of a fully normalized, ideal world, they make the product they are offering seem even more desirable than it would otherwise."
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Promotion Activities of Advertisers, 2008.
Taking into consideration the traditional ad and promotions world, this paper looks at Internet advertising.
788 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that before the advent of the computer and the Internet, advertising and promotions were measured in terms of leads, calls, print media ads on newspapers and magazines and airtime coverage on television and the radio. The writer discusses that in spite of the popularity and familiarity of the newspaper and magazine in advertising and promotions, the Internet has become an indispensable tool in the current ad man or ad woman's marketing arsenal. The writer maintains that that Internet advertising is here to stay and it is there not to replace the print media but complement them. The writer concludes that Internet advertising is a partner in a total, multimedia campaign that assures maximum impact and effectiveness in reaching target audience.
From the Paper
"Compared to magazines and newspapers wherein a spot could run at a limited time and space is also limited, Internet advertising can continuous and run for days or months on end at very little cost. Any class of consumer can access the Internet and see the ad or promotion unlike the limited consumer base of the print media. The force multiplier effect is one of the strongest factors of Internet advertising and increases sustainability and availability. It is so effective that several ad and promotions campaign firm, including technology shops have joined the bandwagon to promote their services using Internet advertising."
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National Youth Anti-Drug Media Campaign, 2008.
An analysis of the goals, technical aspects, and results of the National Youth Anti-Drug Media Campaign.
3,004 words (approx. 12.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 88.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the National Youth Anti-Drug Media Campaign put out by the Office of National Drug Control Policy. It describes the goal and basis of the campaign, as well as its target audiences. The paper looks at the strategic resources of the campaign and its theoretical basis. The paper then discusses the campaign from a technical point of view and discusses its results.
From the Paper
"While the message was conveyed under the form of news in the papers, it sometimes took the form of an advertorial in magazines. In this way, the target was reached from multiple directions and with an increased frequency. Since framing directs the creation of meaning, the use of various framing techniques underlines the complexity of the campaign.
"Understanding the target audiences influenced the conception of the campaign's content. The texts (the signs) that were written and then transmitted through various media were adapted in their form (use of images, metaphors, tone of voice, etc.) so that they had the capacity to draw the attention of the audience."
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Marketing to Children, 2008.
This paper explores the significant effects of marketing to children.
1,448 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the evolution of marketing to children and its growth over the past decades. The paper examines its pros and cons but claims that the benefits are far outweighed by the damage this marketing has. The paper explains how children are easily influenced by marketing, with their impressionable minds hardly a match for the technology, personnel, and dollars that are dedicated to sell them goods. The paper concludes that children are paying the price in the form of illness, pain and even death.
From the Paper
"On any given day in America, children play on colorful sliding boards, swings and other amusements, clutching colorful round balloons given to them by a friendly face- that of a clown in a brightly colored costume that they have seen many times before on their own television sets in the comfort of their own homes. Meanwhile, their parents readily open their wallets to purchase hamburgers, soft drinks and more for the children to quickly gobble up before running back to join their friends at play. While this may seem like some sort of a scene from a movie or what one can find at their local circus, it is actually the setting at any on of thousands of fast food restaurants across the United States."
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Dell Marketing Analysis, 2008.
An evaluation of how Dell's marketing strategy is executed online and in print.
1,851 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
The paper assesses the online advertising of Dell and compares it to the company's print advertising strategies. The paper also examines the underlying differentiating aspects of the Dell business model in order to identify why the Dell websites, defined by market segments, are so important to their overall messaging strategies.
Outline:
Synopsis
Dell's Online Marketing
Dell's Print Advertising
Comparing Dells' Online and Print Advertising Strategies
Exploring Dell's Mass Customization Strategies
From the Paper
"Dell's marketing strategies are driven by the approach the company has taken to segmenting the market. In previous years Dell has segmented by the market primarily used their products to define the customers, yet today the segmentation is much more focused on understanding target audiences by demographic, line of business or government, and increasingly, psychographic data as well. Psychographics is the study of how people define themselves into groups. The intent of this paper is to evaluate how Dell's marketing strategy is executed both online and in print, and screen captures are included of each form of advertising."
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Valpak, 2008.
This paper examines how Cox Media's Valpak fits into a broader marketing campaign.
1,369 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
The paper analyzes the Valpak value proposition and how it can be used in a campaign and suggests how effective it can be in driving customer demand. The paper also discusses which products or marketing messages lend themselves particularly well to Valpak's unique selling proposition (USP) and which products or services are less likely to benefit from Valpak.
Outline:
Introduction
Valpak's Media
Valpak's USP
Incorporating Valpak's Advertising into a Marketing Program
Local Retailers
National Advertisers Using Valpak
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Valpak is a division of Cox Media, which was founded by Terry Loebel in 1968 as a way to market for local businesses in Clearwater, Florida through the local newspaper. Valpak started active franchising of its concept by 1981, led by a former salesperson from a Virginia operation (Valpak). Valpak was acquired by Cox Media in 1991; Cox is a multimedia advertising and media (radio, TV) company which offers a wide variety of direct and broadcasting media to marketers."
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Flavored Tobacco, 2008.
This paper discusses the strengthening of legal provisions regarding the prohibition of the sale of candy and fruit flavored cigarettes.
2,576 words (approx. 10.3 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the tobacco industry is considered to be one of the most profitable businesses worldwide and yet there is an increasing number of anti tobacco campaigns intended to draw the attention of smokers to the imminent dangers of cigarette consumption. The writer points out that flavored tobacco is one of the most important elements which draw teenagers and even children to take on smoking due to the fact that it represents a combination between a grown up idea and a mixed aromatic pleasure. The writer discusses that despite constant denials from the tobacco companies, marketing strategies and the products offered are without a doubt a major incentive for the younger generation to take on smoking. The writer maintains that from this point of view, the bill prohibiting the sale of candy and fruit flavored cigarettes in West Virginia is indeed a step forward in the fight against smoking; however, there are many aspects which must further be regulated in order for this phenomenon to be reduced.
From the Paper
"These initiatives notwithstanding, the public opinion as well as the US legislative bodies has considered it essential for a strengthening of the legal provisions limiting the means though which children and young adults can come in contact with tobacco products. In this sense, the West Virginia legislature took an important step towards a tougher control on the conditions in which tobacco companies can make available different types of cigarettes as well as the conditions in which such products can be sold to the public. The Bill prohibiting the sale of candy and fruit flavored cigarettes is in this sense an essential legal initiative for the amendment of the Code of West Virginia from 1931.
"The aim of the bill refers to the prohibition of candy and fruit flavored cigarettes selling on the territory of the state. The amendment made to the Tobacco Bill comes as a corollary for what was considered to be a shortcoming of the legislative. "
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Chinese and Direct-to-Consumer Advertising, 2008.
An analysis of the effects of direct-to-consumer advertising on first and second generation Chinese immigrants in America.
2,564 words (approx. 10.3 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a literature review outlining the various pros and cons of direct-to-consumer advertising as it reaches first and second generation Chinese immigrants in the United States. It discusses advertising best practices and methods regarding material that speaks to trust, health, literacy and culture. The paper then describes the effect of this type of advertising on this population.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Literature Review: Pros & Cons of Direct-to-Consumer Advertising and Chinese Immigrants
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The large Chinese population in the United States indicates that advertising to this population holds both opportunities and risks in the market. As a result, companies should be well prepared on how to play in this market. A review of the literature indicates that in the past decade, the Chinese immigrant consumer population has proven to be a lucrative population, both for the company manufacturing the goods as well as the independent party responsible for advertising. However, proper and efficient direct-to-consumer marketing and advertising plays a significant role in whether the brand or brand name becomes lucrative or not. Research in this area is critical to the continued success of advertising; after the initial research regarding consumer preferences and needs is completed, marketing efforts through sales becomes key. A review of the literature in this area indicates that advertising, promotion and proper use and maintenance of trademarks the most important aspects of market channeling to Chinese immigrants. As long as these aspects are consistently met, the business opportunities of this population appear to be bright. Finally, as stated by the Zhou et al (2007) research, ethnic language media cannot simply be viewed as an ethnic institution isolated from the mainstream host society in which immigrants resettled and that they can facilitate immigrant adaptation."
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Assessing HPs' Photo Printer Advertisement, 2008.
The paper is an analysis on HP's adverting strategies for it's line of photo printers according to modern advertising theories.
1,339 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the high profit producing printer division of Hewlett-Packard. Specifically, this paper looks at HP's line of photo printers, which requires specialized inks and printer papers, both of which generate higher-than-average gross margins for the printer manufacturer. What HP has had to battle however is the perception that photo printers are expensive, difficult to use, and only meant for the professional photographer or the low-end service bureau. The author states that HP's advertisements are specifically addressing price points and the breadth of their product line, in addition to the expertise with printing technologies to overcome these objections. Furthermore, the author asserts that for HP to continue growing their printer division, consumables sales must significantly rise over unit sales, and the added focus on high-margin supplies must clearly be a strategic priority for the company. Finally the paper looks at HP's focus on the most critical concerns of customers first in relation to current advertising theories.
From the Paper
"How would you make the improvements? - First, I would have lightened up the background of this ad, so the images had greater contrast. Next, I would have created a small line of frames across the bottom of the first page showing various scenes of using the printed photos, including the completion of school projects, giving frames of pictures to grandparents and friends, and maybe even showing a backdrop of a beach and then a framed picture of a child, so it appears the photo is coming right out the beach scene. This would connote that the HP photo printer is versatile enough to capture vacation memories faithfully and without compromise. Lastly on the right side of the page, where the printers are, I would show one in actual use in a home office to just make it clear as to how easy the printers are to use."
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Internet Based Businesses: Social Networking Sites, 2008.
A comparative essay on the marketing activities of Facebook and Hi15 internet websites.
1,217 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
The paper describes the activities of major Internet based businesses and points out the activities required for success. In its discussion the paper highlights two main players i.e. Facebook and Hi15networks.com and addresses the recommendations, major activities and successes of each by comparing their differences in marketing strategies.
Outline:
Overview
Facebook
Hi15
Marketing for e-Commerce
Hi15 recommendations
From the Paper
"Facebook is a social networking site that was once primarily targeted at the college and university student. For the past year the company has broadened its target market profile and become increasingly popular with professionals and businesses as well. Facebook earned revenues of between $100m to $150m during 2006 and the first part of 2007 primarily through an advertising partnership with Microsoft Corporation (Adegoke, 2007). Currently, Facebook is privately held and hence the difficulty in determining exact revenues. However, the company maintains in excess of 40m active account holders and receives in excess of 200k registration requests daily after just 3 years of existence (Adegoke, 2007). Facebook is highly successful and determined to continue to leverage its growing membership base and regular visitors in order to monetize its services."
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Children and Television Advertising, 2008.
This paper discusses the influence that television advertising has on children in particular with regards to sex and violence.
1,982 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the media's original purpose was to inform and entertain, but as technology grew, so did society's dependence on the media. The writer maintains that there was a time that media was a teacher and in many ways it still is, but the message currently being taught is not what we want our children to learn. The writer then goes on to examine some of the messages that advertising sends out to children about their bodies, their sexuality and alcohol and smoking. The writer also notes that the media affects children by making them more interested in sex, sexuality and addictive behaviors. The writer concludes that the messages that advertisements send are persuasive and influence the lives of children in a more negative than positive manner.
Outline:
Introduction
Overview of Kids TV and Ads
Negative and Positive Associations
Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"During prime time, advertisements children watch most frequently are full of sexual activity. Most of the sexual content in advertisements is from characters discussing their own or others' current or future sexual activity. The idea of sexual risk or responsibility, however, is almost never talked about or shown. In fact through sexual exploitive advertising the attention of children is sought after rigorously. Children who watch advertisements ultimately become the audience for shows they shouldn't be watching and products they shouldn't be using. The Joe Camel advertisements of the 60's and 70's on television affected the lives of teens negatively even after the cigarette companies were mandated through government legislation to pull their advertisements. Teenagers were already addicted--legislation came too late. "
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Propaganda, Advertising and Competition, 2008.
The paper analyzes the differences between propaganda and advertising in a capitalistic society.
3,911 words (approx. 15.6 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 106.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the similarities and differences between propaganda and advertising. It presents two contrasting models and many examples to show these similarities and differences. The paper concludes by claiming that although propaganda is different from advertising, advertising is not different from propaganda.
Outline:
Model or Paradigm Case
Contrary or Opposite Case
Borderline Case
Related Concept
Invented or Imaginary Case
Social Context
Practical Results
Results in Language
Interior Dialogue
Essay Outline
From the Paper
"Does propaganda depend on one's intent? To what extent is an aim of merely making people aware of something separate from other aims such as trying to get them to change their behavior, or their attitudes? This is a good related concept, because it shares features of advertising and some of the tools of propaganda, but can be done without any intent to change people. It changes the absolute nature of the concepts, and makes on question whether awareness isn't, in itself, a changed state of being--that could possibly change one's perceptions or future behavior, regardless of the intent of the publicist or PR professional's intention."
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Cell Phones - Images and Texts, 2008.
This paper discusses cell phones and looks at the relationship between images and text messages.
709 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 25.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the relationship between an image of a technology and a quote about the type of technology shown in the image. The writer notes that the image and the quote are from different sources, and the paper examines what each is trying to portray. The paper examines what the image and the text are conveying on their own, and whether there is something that an image can project that text cannot, and vice-versa. Finally, this essay examines what the image and the text would say if placed together.
From the Paper
"The image chosen for this assignment can be found at website textually.com which is a forum about texting and SMS. It is in the archives forum of cell phone etiquette. The image shows a young man dressed in a business suit talking on a cell phone, while he is surrounded by a cell-booth, or what can be described as being a mini-version of a phone booth. The image is intriguing and perhaps fun. It draws the viewer in, because there is no clear explanation given by just looking at the picture. The image is not an advertising image. It is ambiguous and seems to require some sort of text or quote for a more precise interpretation. "
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Body Images in GQ and Vogue, 2008.
This paper discusses magazine body images focusing on the ideas of active men and idle women.
972 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that magazine advertisements employ a wide array of methods to catch the easily distracted eye and send, within the brief period in which the reader actually looks at the ad, sophisticated messages about body images. The writer analyzes the implicit body image messages present in two very different magazines--one for a male audience, the other for female readers. The writer points out that the central argument is that male ads usually focus on the man's functional worth, as a worker, driver, or the like, while ads for women normally emphasize the woman's beauty and aesthetic value. The writer concludes that the message portrayed in the ads is that the worth of a man's body is relative to its utility and functioning power while a woman's body is measured by the tyrannical criteria of beauty.
Outline:
Introduction
GQ Ads
Versace suit ad
The designer shirt ads
Women's ads in Vogue Paris
A. Dining woman ad
B. The "Mountain Woman"
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The top half of this specific ad (GQ 219) advertises an expensive designer shirt and, at first glance, the dinner table scenario seems fairly ordinary. However, this seemingly inoffensive ad reveals the same characteristics as the ad mentioned above. In it, a chiseled-faced male is dexterously carving and arranging the meal's meat course. His skilful performance with the instruments sparks the admiration of his attractive companion, who sits close to him and stares at his working hands with unqualified admiration. In the bottom half of the ad, this same couple is seated in a car (this ad, too, advertises the same garment) and it is not surprising to see that the man is operating the steering wheel while his companion looks on. These are not, obviously, incidental poses, and the proclivity to focus on the body's functioning abilities: driving, working, cutting, rather than on its aesthetic characteristics is clearly discernable in a large number of GQ's advertisements."
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Marketing Plan for Water Purification in India, 2008.
A presentation of the issues affecting a marketing plan for a new water purification system for India.
2,240 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a marketing plan for a water purification system for use in India. The paper cites the need for this water purification system and enumerates the current problems in India with providing clean water. It also describes the competitors and risks to the system, pricing and distribution. Finally, the paper discusses advertising and budgetary issues.
Table of Contents:
Product Description and Introduction
Goals and Strategy
Target Market
Competitors/Risks
Pricing
Channels of Distribution
Advertising, Sales Plans, PR Plans
Budget for Three Years
Budget
Conclusion
From the Paper
"It has cost $600 million in R&D to develop the product, and set up manufacturing operations in India. Our operational costs will be another $100 million annually. We are working on a fixed cost of $30 per unit, and initially $15 for marginal cost for a profit of $5 for each unit. Our advertising cost will be $40 million per year. Our profit will be $5 each unit. However, we are anticipating a operating loss our first year setting our sales at 100million units. We will make up that loss over the year two years, making 2million which still puts us as a net loss for year two, but recouping our investment in year three, by selling 200,000 units (a 50,000 increase in sales each year) In year three, we will make $260 million, which will make up for our $16million loss in year one."
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False Advertising, 2008.
An analysis of a particular advert for sport equipment that demonstrates how advertising can be very misleading.
1,474 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper examines an advert in the June 2007 edition of "Men's Health". It is an advert for the new Bowflex Xtreme SE Home Gym, which is an exercise machine (a copy of the advert is included in the paper). It discusses how the advert is misleading and does not include basic information such as the price of the product and where it is manufactured. It also discusses its use of visual imagery and how unrealistic it is.
From the Paper
"The product is an exercise machines. It is "built to provide fast and easy total body results right in our own home" and apparently "performs over 65 gym-quality exercises - as many as an entire health club filled with machines." The sell is that the machine will do all this for $20 per month, which is "less than half the monthly dues of a typical gym membership." Unfortunately, this implies that the machine will do all of the exercises all on its own - which is clearly not the case. What the advert should say is that the machine gives its owner the necessary equipment to do all of the exercise that would be possible in a health club. However, the point is that the effort and the will power to do the exercises remains the responsibility of the human being, not the machine. "
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Advertising, 2008.
This paper discusses the pervasiveness of advertising and includes an observation chart that lists the name, type, and location of the ad.
935 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper states that, if there were some global disaster, the last thing to disappear would be the commercial message. The author points out that the most disturbing point about ads is that they reduce every item in the world to a commodity and people to no more than consumers. The paper relates that along with the specific content of ads is the overall message that all people need for fulfillment and happiness are material goods. The author underscores that advertising has become very skilled in using psychology to shape people's desires and value systems, including the person's self-concept. The paper states that various material goods are linked with all sorts of real traditional values so that products and meaning are confused.
Table of Contents:
Commentary
Observation Chart
From the Paper
"Advertising extends its influence farther than can be controlled by a simple code of ethics because advertisers control the meanings across the entire society. Advertising has extensive image-based influence and changes the image system in areas such as economics and politics. I as a single individual, find that every space I have is inundated with advertising's images. There is no escape for individuals and there is no relief for the whole society. As a result, the real world of true values and of deep human aspirations is becoming increasingly smaller."
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