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How Did Rome Get Water, 2005.
A brief discussion of the methods used in ancient Rome to provide water to its population.
814 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper briefly explains how the old water system worked in the Roman Empire. It looks at the different water sources and rivers, which were prominent at the time, and the architectural uses of aqueducts.
From the Paper
"The aqueducts that Rome used for its water supply came from sources above or around the Tiber River or the Anio Valley. The first aqueduct was built in 312 B.C.E. and named in honor of its originator, Appius Claudius. It marked a major milestone because the previous water supply only came from wells, cisterns, springs, or the Tiber River itself. As the city became more populated, the demand for water grew, and thus more aqueducts were created."
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Cochlear Implants, 2005.
This paper argues in favor of the use of cochlear implants, which are prosthetic devices that enable the deaf to hear much better than previous innovations, such as hearing aids.
1,280 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper explains the position supporting cochlear implants for deaf individuals. Generally, when successful, these implants can make deaf people, especially young children, much more able to distinguish auditory phenomena and, therefore, represent progress against the condition of deafness that is assumed to be a disability. The author points out that the argument opposing cochlear implants is more of a cultural than biomedical one; many members of the deaf community are content with their unique culture and do not regard deafness as a disorder to be cured. The paper concludes that the cochlear implants can enhance the lives of deaf people by allowing them to hear and not be segregated into a deaf word; therefore, the author favors the use of these implants.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Supporting View
Oppositional View
Personal Position
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Personally, I think this issue needs to have more public advocacy so that people can really explore the arguments from both sides and see objective portrayals so that they can make up their own minds about supporting or opposing cochlear implants. Most of my personal feelings on this issue support cochlear implants from the perspective of
someone who is not deaf and therefore might not have the sort of empathy for the deaf community that someone inside or involved with this community may feel. That is, I feel dissonance personally at the notion of someone not wanting to hear if they are deaf because it seems that it would be much more convenient to recognize speech and other things in daily life."
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Power Semiconductor Devices, 2004.
A comparison and analysis of the bipolar junction transistor (BJT), the metal oxide field-effect transistor (MOSFET), and the insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT).
1,228 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how, although power semiconductors were first developed in the late 1940s, they have matured significantly in sixty years and how in today?s society, they can be found everywhere. They are essentially the solid-state version of the mechanical relay or the vacuum tube. Some of most common applications include motor drives, uninterruptible power supplies, audio amplifiers, and fluorescent lighting. In particular, it looks at how, for the best device suited for the job, it has become a competition between the bipolar junction transistor (BJT), the metal oxide field-effect transistor (MOSFET), and the insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT). It shows how each has inherent advantages over the others and how the IGBT has seemed to dominate the industry in recent years.
From the Paper
"The MOSFET was introduced in the 1970s and, unlike the BJT, is a voltage controlled device. It also has three terminals, though they differ from the BJT: the source, the gate, and the drain. The source and drain diffusions are separated by the gate. The MOSFET has a p or n channel and can operate in depletion or enhancement mode. In enhancement, no current flows when the gate voltage is zero. In depletion mode, however, a narrow n channel is formed under the gate such that current will still flow when the gate voltage is zero."
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Cisco Systems, 2004.
A company analysis of Cisco Systems.
1,140 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the company, Cisco Systems, and its unique capabilities in the technology arena. It talks about the company's history and its competitive advantage in its industries.
From the Paper
"The search for talented high-tech workers has grown fierce as the numbers of eligible workers that meet this need are few. One company, Cisco Systems, has perfected a way to not only attract these employees, but also to retain them as well. The company went public back in 1994 primarily as a manufacturer of routers for the Internet and communications market. It has blossomed into a communications giant that is involved in some aspect with almost every technology field."
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Determination of Heating Value of Fuels, 2003.
Determination of the heat of combustion of naphthalene, using the Parr bomb calorimeter.
1,498 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This is a technical report on a laboratory experiment determining heating value of fuels. Test sample is naphthalene, and the calibrating substance is benzoic acid. The oxygen bomb calorimeter used is the Parr type.
From the Paper
"The experiment aims to determine the heat of combustion of naphthalene using data obtained from the Parr bomb calorimeter.
Three 1-g portions of naphthalene were weighed using the analytical balance. Benzoic acid is the calibrating substance used for the experiment. The heat capacity Csys of the system is calculated using the theoretical value of benzoic acid and the nickel fuse wire. This Csys is equivalent to the heat capacity Ccal of the calorimeter; this value will be used in determining the heat of combustion of naphthalene.
The heat of combustion of naphthalene is accepted at
?5156.95 KJ/mol. The experimental value ?3787.445097 KJ/mol has an error of 26.56%."
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The Ring Method, 2003.
Examines surface tension measurements of pure water, ethanol solution, and 1.5N NaCl using a Pt-Ir ring on a Du Nuoy tensiometer.
2,200 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper is a technical report on a laboratory experiment on surface tension measurements using the Du Nuoy ring. Samples are pure water, ethanol solution, and 1.5N NaCl. Calculations for the correction factor and other necessary values are included in the discussion.
From the Paper
"The Du Nuoy ring is the most commonly used apparatus for surface tension measurements. The group used pieces of paper to determine the weight needed to depress the lever arm to zero. For the experiment proper, the ring was thoroughly cleaned and flamed to red heat for a few seconds. The vernier was turned to zero reading and the lever arm made to just touch the zero indicator. The ring was made to contact the surface of the liquid and was carefully submerged until good contact is established. This was then slowly recovered from the liquid by careful downward movement of the platform and of the thumbscrew. It is important that the lever arm is kept at the zero indicator until the ring is detached from the liquid."
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The Capillary Method, 2003.
Examines surface tension measurements of pure water, NaCl solutions, and HOAc solutions using the capillary rise technique.
2,048 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper is a technical report on a laboratory experiment on surface tension measurements using the capillary rise method. Samples are deionized water and varying concentrations of NaCl and of HOAc. Calculations are included in the appendix.
From the Paper
"Increasing concentrations of HOAc solutions tend to lower surface tension of water, while NaCl solutions increase surface tension of water. The former results to a condition called positive surface concentration, where the solute tend to concentrate slightly in the neighborhood of the surface; the latter is due to negative surface concentration, where the solute molecules become less concentrated in the neighborhood of the surface."
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Riprap and Erosion Control Today, 2002.
A comprehensive analysis of watershed management and erosion control techniques using riprap.
1,653 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper provides an overview of riprap, which is the most common method of providing erosion control and bank protection on streams and river banks today. A summary of the research is provided in the conclusion. A table and relevant graphics illustrating riprap in action are also provided.
From the Paper
"Watershed management and erosion control have assumed new levels of importance in the 21st century. The presence of water in soils essential to the growth of forests, and improved water yield and quality are becoming increasingly important management objectives on many forested lands today. The fundamental principle of watershed management where erosion threatens is the maintenance of continual cover. This same principle applies to stream and river bank protection, where bridge foundations must be fortified from scouring and the ravages of floodwaters. This paper provides an overview rip rap, which is the most common method of providing erosion control and bank protection on streams and river banks today. A summary of the research is provided in the conclusion."
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Silica Aerogel, 2001.
This paper gives an overview of aerogels, with a focus on those made from silica and their household uses.
1,417 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at aerogel, a lightweight material that is a cross between gel and air, whose superb physical, mechanical,and optical properties make it useful for high-tech applications, such as insulating the Mars rover. In particular, it explores how future uses extend to household applications, such as clear, insulating windows and sunroofs. It discusses the physical, mechanical, and optical properties of silica aerogels, as well as their general method of preparation and their applications.
Outline
What are Aerogels?
What Makes Aerogel a Super Material?
How are Aerogels Prepared?
Applications of Aerogel
From the Paper
"A material that closely resembles aerogel, called xerogel, may be prepared at home or in the laboratory. The process will not require a high-pressure vessel as is in preparing aerogels. The simplest way to make a xerogel is to form a variety of gels and leave them out in the air to dry. Ordinary gelatin may be used for this purpose. Silica xerogels, however, may be prepared using sodium silicate gel-forming liquid. This is commonly used as a lubricant and is available at pharmacies. Xerogels are much denser than aerogels but provide some of the same high-temperature insulation."
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Sound Reinforcement, 2004.
An overview of the role of the live sound engineer in implementing sound reinforcement.
1,813 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how the term sound reinforcement refers to the strategic use of microphones and loudspeakers to project the sound of a band, theatre production or conference speaker across to an audience. It examines how it is necessary for a sound engineer, working in any area of sound reinforcement - from the front of house engineer in a large concert hall, to the stage manager at a theatre ? to have the confidence and knowledge required to problem solve quickly in the event of equipment failure, and keep the programme on track.
From the Paper
"The term impedance matching is used when concerning the interconnection of loudspeaker drivers and power amplifiers, to achieve maximum power transfer. At this stage in the signal chain, it is very important to appreciate that the load impedance of the speaker (the whole cabinet, not just the driver itself) must match closely the source impedance (the rated output impedance of the power amp). If the source impedance is significantly higher than that of the speaker, the amplifier could overheat, or its automatic protection circuitry could cause it to cut out. Neither of these conclusions would be much good during a live performance."
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Project Management, 2004.
Talks about how to manage and implement a project for maintaining and repairing large, above-ground and underground tanks.
2,162 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
This report outlines the management cycle of a project that deals with the inspection of tanks and the determination of the structural integrity of the tanks. The report explains the need for inspections, the possible problems that can arise with above-ground and underground storage tanks, how to create a schedule for inspection, maintenance, and repair of the tanks, and how to implement the project schedule.
From the Paper
"The project developed for the purpose of this report deals with the inspection of tanks and the determination of the structural integrity of the tank for a pre-defined service-life. The tanks that are considered for these inspections are used to store chemicals, petroleum and petroleum by-products. Almost all manufacturing and production organizations maintain a few tanks on their locations to ensure steady supply of the products as and when needed. These tanks are not considered the core business for these organizations and often an external contractor may be responsible for the day-to-day running operations and the periodic maintenance that may be required to maintain the tanks. Tanks used for storage of liquids are generally of two categories: Aboveground Storage Tanks (AST) and Underground Storage Tanks (UST.) The Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) and the Environmental Protection agency along with the American Petroleum Institute (API) determine the guidelines by which these tanks need to be inspected, repaired and tested prior to usage."
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Route 55: An Ecological Quagmire, 2004.
A look at some of the environmental and engineering concerns related to New Jersey's most controversial highway project.
2,121 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the expansion of the Route 55 freeway in southern New Jersey has been a source of controversy in terms of the environment, due to wetlands, urban sprawl, pollution, and degradation. It discusses how opponents of the project cite environmental concerns, whereas others say that there could also be many environmental concerns with not building the roadway. It looks at both sides of the story and how those that built the original portion could not foresee the quagmire that would result from it.
From the Paper
"When the freeway was completed, it was 20 miles short of its intended goal; the highway ended at a surface route northwest of the intended terminus at Route 9 in Cape May Court House. In 1975, an environmental assessment was done on the missing link and it was determined that not only would it encroach on wetlands regions and forests, but it would take 20 years to complete and would cost more that the existing section of the freeway alone; needless to say, this project was subsequently abandoned. However, in 2001, the project was revived by governor Donald DiFrancesco, who supported a $500 million plan to construct the missing link, and in 2003, the state passed a resolution allowing the project to get underway amidst much controversy (Anderson 3-4)."
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Office Ergonomics, 2004.
Research paper on ergonomic design of an office cubicle.
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 13 sources, APA, $ 80.95
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Abstract
Ergonomics is matching the job to the worker and the product to the user. This research paper provides the reader with an understanding of office ergonomics and how complicated just one cubicle can be. The paper also stresses the importance of ergonomics in the office and all the hazards that it can prevent. Much can be gained from the proper use of office ergonomics, including higher productivity and fewer safety injuries. Many different organizations are referenced in this paper to give the reader the most accurate information regarding office ergonomics.
From the Paper
"The cubicle, in all its glory, represents the modern day workspace for many workers and creates many frustrations. Technology has had an overpowering effect on the way we work today. As a result, we are spending more time at our desks and using a computer, leading to an increased number of ergonomic related issues. In this section, the author will discuss the hazards, dangers, and risks associated with poor office ergonomics. These include musculoskeletal disorders, sharp edges, pinch points, eye strain, poor posture, fatigue, noise pollution and emotional stress cause by working in a cubicle."
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Structural Failure Due to Fire, 2004.
Explains the process by which a structure collapses from fire and talks about what can be done to slow the collapse.
2,057 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 14 sources, APA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper gives a complete explanation of structural failure caused by fire. The paper provides statistics about fires, describes current fireproofing and fire retardant technology, and flame retardant materials. In addition, the paper focuses on the individual measures and technological advancements made to the individual structural members, which can extend their life when exposed to heat and flame.
From the Paper
"The rate at which a structure experiences deformation and loss of structural integrity leading to building collapse does not proceed along a straight line. The Figure 1 below illustrates that during the three stages of a fire, 1) ignition and growth, 2) full development, and 3) decay, the rate at which the building will sustain loss increases as time increases. The longer a building is exposed to the fire, the more rapidly the structure moves from the stable, static system toward the dynamic state in which member failure, and structural collapse if imminent. For this reason, the technology of fire prevention focuses on prolonging the stable period of the individual members by reducing the effects of the fire on each individual member."
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Reverse Engineering and Its Social Implications, 2004.
A comprehensive analysis of reverse engineering and its potential impact on American society in the future.
2,888 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 85.95
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Abstract
An increasingly common phrase being bandied about today is ?reverse engineering.? The U.S. Supreme Court has defined reverse engineering as starting with the known product and working backward to divine the process that aided in its development or manufacture. This paper provides a comprehensive examination of precisely what reverse engineering is, how it is being used today, and what the implications of the technique may be for the future. A summary of the research is provided in the conclusion.
From the Paper
"According to McGonagle and Vella (1996), in reverse engineering, a company takes apart a product and examines how it was assembled, what it cost, and what the entire package and its components tell us about the competition and its activities. ?Typically, the customers of reverse engineering are those in product development and engineering. The time horizon is always retrospective, since the company is looking at what has already been done, and the targets are competitors, direct and sometimes indirect? (McGonagle & Vella, 1996, p. 17)."
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Selling Nuclear Technology, 2004.
Addresses the question of whether the U.S. should continue selling nuclear technology to other countries.
1,031 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the pros and cons of selling U.S. nuclear technology to other countries. The paper pays particular attention to the history and ramifications of the continued sale of nuclear technology.
From the Paper
"For these companies, the reasons are economic. Domestic demand for nuclear technology has decreased drastically in the environmentally conscious 1990s. Many nuclear energy companies were thus forced to look elsewhere to market their technologies. An official at the ABB Combustion Engineering, for example, states that the survival of many such companies rely on their ability to open plants in China -- a move that could generate at least $40 billion for the beleaguered industries."
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Managing Organisational Change, 2003.
An overview of the strategies available to deal with managing change and the common problems associated with a change process.
3,675 words (approx. 14.7 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 101.95
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Abstract
This paper outlines the strategies available to deal with managing change, the common problems associated with a change process and how the FKI Logistex group has dealt with change in recent years. It looks at the manifestations of resistance to organisational change and strategies such as the planned approach and emergent approach in dealing with the change process. It also provides examples of how Logistex has changed recently and highlights how the company has dealt with its resistance to change in the form of better communications from top management and by implementing an internal change agent.
Outline
Executive Summary
Aim
Assignment Brief
Objectives
Introduction to change management
Introduction to FKI
Causes of Resistance to Organisational Change
Resistance to Change
Change Forces
Manifestations of Resistance to Change
TQM
Strategies
Planned Approach
Emergent Approach
Issues and Considerations When Managing Change
Change Agents
Company Politics
Continuous Change
Change within FKI Logistex
Conclusions
References
Bibliography
From the Paper
"External forces greatly influence the change in an organisation and are often the trigger for a change process. Some of the common external factors are economic, technological & social and political forces. All of these forces need to be analysed from whether it is a competitor?s new product pushing prices down and increasing competitiveness to the general trends of finance or the direction the government is taking the country and the tightening or relaxing of regulations. All of these forces require watching and acting upon when required."
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The New York City Blackout of 1977, 2004.
An analysis of the 1977 New York blackout from an engineering standpoint.
1,544 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the events of the summer of 1977 when New York City was struck by a massive blackout. It questions who was responsible and explains that combinations of factors range from an act of God and tightly coupled events. In the end, the fault lay with a simple system operator.
From the Paper
"In the hot July summer of 1977, the lights went out in New York City. With the city completely black, thousands of people took to the streets, looting and setting hundreds of fires. Only after twenty-five grueling hours was the power finally restored. By then, New York had endured over a billion dollars in damages. It is important to learn from this accident so that the mistakes from the past are not repeated. While a combination of ?an act of God,? (Casey 196), tightly coupled events, and operator error all contributed to the failure, most of the fault can be placed in the hands of the operator."
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Sunoco, 2004.
An analysis of the company, Sunoco, or the Sun Oil Company.
2,311 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a financial analysis of publicly listed company, Sunoco (SUN). The paper presents details of its major competitors, industry analysis, and employees, as well as recent financial figures. The paper points out that, while the company has had success in recent years, its size is miniscule when compared with the major players in the industry.
From the Paper
"The company netted $241 million in refining and $66 million from retail operations in the current nine-month period versus ? $79 million and $8 million in the first nine months of last year, accounting for the especially attractive P/E ratio. This was mainly due to higher retail gasoline margins of 52 million dollars. These margins averaged 10 cents per gallon during the first nine months of 2003, up 2.8 cents per gallon compared to same period last year. Distillate margins of five million contributed to a $7 million growth in sales. One of the company?s leading retailers is the Speedway chain of retail gas stations, which operates many of Sunoco?s retail stores."
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