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Argentina and Neo-liberalism, 2008.
This paper explores the effects of neo-liberal policies on Argentinean human development.
2,769 words (approx. 11.1 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 82.95
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Abstract
The paper argues that although governmental incompetence has contributed to its problems, Argentina's present impoverishment and dependence is very much a product of neo-liberal policies foisted upon the country by powerful international actors like the World Bank and International Monetary Fund. The paper provides an overview of Argentinean domestic policy, notes the neo-liberal agenda and impact of the World Bank and IMF and illustrates the consequences flowing from neo-liberal policies made all the more powerful by compelling global phenomena. The paper shows how while neo-liberalism is certainly not all bad, it does discourage the sort of internal development a poor and weakened nation like Argentina desperately needs.
From the Paper
"Before proceeding too far, it is necessary to provide some background information on the country of Argentina; this background, needless to say, can offer a great deal of insight into why Argentina's current predicament is as bad as it is. For most of the twentieth century, Argentina's economy has been characterized by stagnation and by recession; indeed, since the middle 1970s, per capita income has tumbled and (by the middle 1990s) was less than that of relatively poor nations such as Chile and Malaysia. Additionally, the emigration of Argentineans seeking a better life has emerged as a pressing concern in recent years. To all of this must be added the fact that Argentina's interior - which comprises roughly 70 percent of the nation's land and, as of roughly a decade ago, comprised just under a third of its population - has been chronically poor since at least the 1930s (Sawers, 3-4)."
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Globalization and Capitalism, 2008.
A comparison of the style and focus of Steven K. Vogel's article, "The Crisis of German and Japanese Capitalism" and Gary Teeple's article, "The Global Economy and the Decline of Social Reform."
1,546 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses and compares Steven K. Vogel's article, "The Crisis of German and Japanese Capitalism" and Gary Teeple's article, "The Global Economy and the Decline of Social Reform." It describes the different style and focus of each article, as well as their similarities, especially in their main focus on modern day economic globalization and the current state of capitalism.
From the Paper
"The thousands of Canadians who recently had to line up to get passports to cross the world's longest "friendly border" and enter the territory of our nearest neighbour most likely did not feel as if they were at the end of the era of the nation-state. Similarly, Canadian/Syrian national Maher Arar, who was allegedly deported to Syria via Jordan by the US government in 2002, there to be detained and tortured for a year, most likely did not feel as if he was living in the era of the end of the nation-state (Amnesty International, 2003). A year of being tortured in the name of national rivalries and animosities between two different nation states would cause most people to believe quite strongly that the nation state was alive and well. On the other hand, Teeple's analysis goes to the macro economic forces that operate below the surface, and it might be possible to simultaneously believe in the end of the nation-state in relation to economics, while allowing that deeply held animosities between nation states could continue to cause incidents such as Arar's ordeal, as well as calamities such as 9/11."
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Families in China and the U.S., 2008.
This paper discusses families in China and the United States, focusing on the issues of poverty, economy and culture.
2,100 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the issue of families in relation to China and the United States. The paper further explores the issue of poverty and the struggle of the family unit in both countries in relation to economic concerns. A discussion of families in rural and urban areas, as well as the manner in which families live in these locales is examined. The concept of social class is presented and discussed in relation to how social class impacts the family unit and how societal beliefs exist that create barriers to altering the lives of the poor. Finally, the issue of culture is examined and the differences between China and America with regard to culture and living in the family unit are explored.
From the Paper
"The United States is considered a country that is the leading power in the world, while China continues to experience economic hardships and needed development. In both countries, however, the focus on the family is a concern because the family is believed to be integral to society. The Chinese families that exist in the modern world experience many of the same difficulties that are found by American families in rural and urban areas. This includes poverty, which is the number one social issue that impacts family units in both nations. Additionally, in both countries the issue of social class standing is apparent, with the poor often being outcast from the social order and forgotten. In China there has been a significant push to change the conditions for the poor, however, there are still those families that have been unaffected by governmental programs, which has been the case in the United States for decades. While these similarities exist between Chinese and American families, the greatest factor that separates their place in society is culture. The manner in which families conduct their lives because of social expectations and the beliefs related to gender differences and children impacts families in China differently than in America. However, it is clear that regardless of the cultural variances that affect families in these nations, within both cultures families are consistently attempting to survive and continue the progress of each generation in the hopes that eventually the family will know success."
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White-Collar Crime, 2008.
This paper analyzes the rise of white-collar crime within the United States in light of John Maynard Keynes' and Adam Smith's free market systems.
1,451 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the problem of white-collar crime in relation to the free market global economy, which has played a large role in increasing corporate crimes. The paper looks closely at the economic theories of Adam Smith and John Maynard Keynes that explain free market abuses. The paper concludes that although Keynesian regulatory theories provide a strong groundwork for a justice and rights based system of rules to control and balance free market economies, the lack of government enforcement through the private sector allows corporate criminals to go unpunished.
From the Paper
"The central issue of Adam Smith's "hidden hand" economics in the free market economy is the growing failure of the U.S. government to regulate the way that banking has been practiced in global markets. One example of this was the problem of the Savings and Loan Crisis, which often deregulated banking institutions, causing problematic ethical issues through justice based theories of fair and balanced market behaviors. In this case, the government did not enforce restrictions on competitive measures for commercial banks for the greater benefit of the banking industry."
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Corporations Vs. Democracy, 2008.
This paper explores whether corporate power challenges the concept of democracy.
2,259 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how in American society corporations exert a great deal of influence and control, giving rise to complaints that big businesses, through lobbyists and other means, affect Congress to too great a degree and so make the concept of democracy meaningless. The paper provides a literature review on corporations and democracy as well as an economic analysis of capitalism and democracy. The paper also shows how preventing corporations from exerting detrimental effects on democracy will protect the basis of democracy itself.
Outline:
Introduction
Positive Analysis
Normative Analysis
From the Paper
"The political system indeed perpetuates a number of social, political, and economic inequalities between classes, racial groups, and other social and economic divisions. American government and politics are not neutral and any government action produces winners and losers, those who get benefits and those who pay most of the costs of those benefits. The ideal of the American system, as embodied in the Constitution, is to limit the separation between winners and losers and to see that no one group is always to be found in either category. This is an ideal that is not always met, and the effort to achieve this ideal itself entails ethical concerns about the rights of the citizen in a democracy."
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The United States International Empire, 2008.
This paper explores how the United States gained its unparalleled foothold in the influence of international economy and politics.
774 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at Walter LaFeber's "Michael Jordan and the New Global Capitalism" where LaFeber emphasizes the 'branding of capitalism' concept. The paper also examines Andrew Bacevich's "American Empire: The Realities and Consequences of U.S. Diplomacy". The paper utilizes these works to analyze the strength and influence of the United States in the international community.
From the Paper
"Global capitalism has become the dominant force for international relations and economy. Many attribute the innovation of advanced communications and automated systems technology as a driving catalyst in bringing the world 'closer together' (Engardio, 2000, para. 1). However, the United States still remains the most dominant international figurehead in the global arena. Whether the issue is free market trades and tariff issues or military action, the United States has placed itself in a position of precedence that is unrivaled by any other country."
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The Economics of Poverty and Globalization, 2006.
An analysis of the impact of globalization in regards to poverty.
3,326 words (approx. 13.3 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
This paper examines several issues in relation to globalization that are discussed by P. Figini and E. Santarelli in their article entitled, "Openness, Economic Reforms, and Poverty: Globalization in Developing Countries". It explains that the research is examined in context of earlier research related to free trade and Mexico and the expansion of FDI in that market. The paper also explains the difference between relative poverty and absolute poverty and how understanding these terms can be applied to the global economy in order to determine strategies to alleviate poverty and prepare economic benchmarks vital to reducing overall poverty levels, absolute or relative. The paper further discusses how Figini and Santarelli regard relative poverty levels as the most important aspect of poverty because these levels would be utilized in determining living wages as well as other economic factors that globalization impacts.
Outline:
Abstract
Overview
The World Trade Organization's Role in FDI
Free Trade & Poverty
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Understanding poverty and how to alleviate it is a critical component of joining the rank of first world nations. While the list of countries that have encouraged foreign investment and trade is growing, the fact remains that few have experienced the type of economic success that China and India have experienced. As Bhagwati illustrates, globalization as an economic model depends on the integration of economic structures through trade, foreign investment activity, short-term capital inflows, and technology inflows in order to be successful (2004)."
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Saving Social Security: An Economic Analysis, 2005.
An examination of how economic analysis can be used to understand and possibly rectify the crisis within social security.
783 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the need for intervention in the social security program. It explains that failure to address the issues surrounding the changes within the American society might result in the collapse of the retirement fund. The writer advocates that economists need to focus on the macroeconomic issues within the society and devise an optimizing plan that efficiently allocates scarce resources. The writer also looks at policy makers who want to dismantle the program, and others who speculate that the program can be reformed without dismantling and remarks that a change is necessary.
Outline:
Introduction
The Social Security Crisis
Saving Social Security: Recommendations From Economists
Conclusion
From the Paper
"According to Carson et al, "social security is an ongoing intergenerational transfer mechanism" (page, 161), where the working age population is taxed to support retirees, that is, a pay-as-you-go system. However, America is facing a generational crisis that posits to the demise of the system. The American population is aging and life expectancy is increasing. It is projected that there will be a point where the aging post-employed population will have higher proportions in relation to the younger working population."
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State and Local Tax Issues, 2008.
An analysis of state sales tax and the development of tax policy in the United States.
2,304 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper examines state and local tax issues in the United States. It begins by analyzing the state sales taxes, describing the history behind the implementation of the tax and how it is viewed in the current economy. The paper then looks at the development of an equitable tax policy and the issues that local and state authorities face today with regards to this policy.
Table of Contents:
Sales Tax
Tax Policy
From the Paper
"Another issue is whether the development of a more equitable tax system would be a proportional tax system in which all taxes are adjusted by real income. This type of tax system is also termed a flat tax system where everyone would pay the same percentage of their income in taxes and regressive tax policies would be reworked to account for income levels (Stocker 147). While some of this might be impractical such as adjusting sales tax by income, the flat tax rate within the progressive tax system is conceivable albeit a difficult challenge for local and state authorities to implement without federal support and oversight to a degree."
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Marx, Weber and Canada, 2007.
This paper compares the theories of Karl Marx's and Max Weber and then attempts to apply their ideas to the reality of Central Canada.
1,950 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Karl Marx's theories of class include economic, political and cultural/ideological elements as being intrinsically interconnected as compared to Max Weber, who saw the economy as distinct from society and the concept of class as being less important than a person's particular spot in the economy. The author points out that, compared to Weber, Marx's view of class and class distinctions seems to make the mistake of viewing a class as a 'thing' as though all members of the proletariat were the same, had the same ways of seeing their reality or an identical position in the capitalist order. The paper stresses that the drab focus of these and other theorists on race, class, gender and ethnicity, which they hypothesized to be so terribly important in the relation to income and opportunity, is not substantiated when examining the culture of central Canada.
Table of Contents
Marx vs. Weber
The Contemporary Reality in Central Canada
From the Paper
"In fact, if one has observed different parts of central Canadian society, one can object to what is presented in Peter Newman's "The Canadian Establishment". In referring to an 'old money' as opposed to 'new' money culture, a number of remarks appear that require qualification on the part of persons having known menial work. ... There is an equalitarian spirit less often found in other societies in awareness of persons having the struggle of their ancestors to become established or make something of themselves."
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The Public Library in a Community, 2008.
A discussion of the role and benefits of a public library to a community's economic development.
906 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the economic development of communities. It specifically looks at the role and value of public libraries in a community and discusses how they have long been recognized as engendering development and fostering educational initiatives. It then discusses the benefits of specific services that a public library can offer to a community. The paper contains an annotated reading list and a model graphic plan for the library development project.
Table of Contents:
Model Plan Graphic
Primary Issues
Specific Aspects
From the Paper
"While small rural communities can't commit the type of resources to such programs as cities such as San Diego in the U.S. which regularly commit millions of dollars ("San", 2005, p.19), they can build the funding for such services into cooperative funding programs with other initiatives such as establishing chambers of commerce and community action groups. In fact, often the funds exist for such programs but require more effective finance, budgeting strategies and management to make better use of the funds that do exist. McKay (2003, p.15) states that the first objective that community development planners should make is defining what the public library initiative should encompass in regards to fostering economic activity."
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Impact of Globalization, 2008.
This paper discusses the impact of globalization and looks at why the benefits outweigh the risks.
761 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer looks at the extraordinary impact of globalization upon the modern world. The writer argues that, while certainly not perfect, the permeable borders globalization makes possible is a key ingredient in making the global south and the entire developing world more prosperous than ever before. The writer maintains that more than that, the technologies associated with globalization - and their dispersal - will surely go a very long way towards reducing environmental degradation in developing lands. The writer concludes that while far from perfect, globalization does bind nations together in a manner that lessens the risk of warfare and strife and the growth of foreign direct investment and comparatively well-paying jobs in facilities built by wealthy foreign multinationals offers families in developing lands economic opportunities they would not have otherwise.
From the Paper
"On the other hand, John A. Powell and S.P. Udayakumar claim that globalization has benefited the global north extravagantly while doing far less for those in the South. Additionally, the aforementioned writers argue that the United States, as the world's one great super-power, has pushed for a global trade agenda that is inimical to the interests of labour at home and abroad. As they see it, the USA has used its disproportionate power in international bodies such as the International Monetary Fund to push for the liberalization of trade and investment at the expense of environmental and labour-force concerns. As well, those same authors insist that democracy suffers in large measure because powerful global institutions committed to furthering the goals of capital effectively undermine the efficacy of the state while, at the same time, globalization prompts the state to serve the bidding of organized capital."
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Law and Economics and Zoning, 2006.
An examination of zoning and how it affects economics.
2,111 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the economic perception of zoning as somehow infringing on the rights of property owners and indirectly interfering with the free market. It explains that some researchers disagree with this perception and say that the primary criticisms directed towards zoning are that zoning is unfair to some property owners to a greater degree than others and therefore inherently biased, and that zoning adds unnecessary and often excessive transaction costs that in effect are economic externals. The writer notes that not having any controls on the economic development of a region would result in commercial activity being developed in or near residential neighborhoods that would negatively impact housing values of all the surrounding neighborhoods. The writer believes that zoning is in itself useful and necessary but there should be a bargaining element introduced that removes sole decisive power from the municipality to one degree or another. The writer concludes that currently there is no alternative to any zoning decision made by municipalities and this is not necessarily good either.
From the Paper
"Many economists consider zoning a response to population growth and specifically urban sprawl in that zoning can be considered a solution to these problems relative to land use issues. Zoning is essentially an extension of political control over the development process within communities. Political controls over land use manifested through zoning laws are in place in every province of Canada and, in many cases, rationalized through environmental reasons or, conversely, are used to indicate that public utilities or services do not have the ability to service additional development in a given area."
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Staples Theory and the Canadian Economy, 2008.
An analysis of Mel Watkins' staples theory in relation to linkages and Canadian economic development.
971 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how, as a basic framework, Melville Watkins' staples theory explains Canadian economic development and the importance of both domestic and external commodity-oriented linkages. The paper further looks at how Watkins' paper first appeared in 1963 as an effort to explain how Canada's economy had developed into a post-World War II era in first flight, unpredictable in its promise of growth.
From the Paper
"If one is able to imagine the early 1960s Canada of which Watkins wrote, one perceives how much did seem built upon patterns established long before, as in the preeminence of Montreal as opposed to Toronto as the principal finance and business centre, and with much business continuing to involve not just Britain but British colonies in the Caribbean region or part of arrangements involving Britain and continental European powers that were engaged in post-World War II reconstruction efforts. Similarly, there were domestic linkages involving commodities and development that were parts of greater linkages involving the United States. Indeed, a helpful aspect of Watkins' paper referred to here is its reminder of how Canada has been shaped by two principal powers, the United Kingdom gradually replaced by the United States and just as it began its post-1945 ascent to world leadership taking the place of Britain. "
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A Critical Examination of Thomas Sowell's Work, 2006.
A examination of Sowell's work on economic theory using two of his books: "The Quest for Cosmic Justice" and "The Vision of the Anointed: Self Congratulating as a Basis for Social Policy".
1,486 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper examines Thomas Sowell's work on economics and social justice by analyzing two of his books::"The Quest for Cosmic Justice" and "The Vision of the Anointed: Self Congratulating as a Basis for Social Policy". It looks at how Sowell's analysis explores the following questions : Is the paradigm of social justice exaggerated? Is society being manipulated to accept the views of an elite group of intellectuals, who have used the platform of justice to remove social privileges? Has the market system and price mechanism failed us? The writer suggests that Sowell's work should be mandated to be analyzed in conjunction with economics. The writer explains that economic theory is being used to subjugate and dictate policies that over-ride the primary components of the market economy. The writer believes that "The Quest for Cosmic Justice" and "The Vision of the Anointed" allow the economic student to realize that at the very fiber of every decision there are costs.
Outline:
Introduction
Quest for Cosmic Justice
The Vision of the Anointed
Sowell's Work and Economic Theory
Has Sowell Gone too Far? A Critique of Sowell's Work
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Economics has allowed many individuals (myself included) to be more analytical in their thinking and at times more technical when solving problems. However, the field has been known to produce ground-breaking research in issues that surpass the quantitative esoteric nature that is presented to many individuals. Thomas Sowell's works fall into the former rather than latter category. Sowell's truth-bearing books are sometimes hard to read, because of how unbiased and 'raw' his work is. I sometimes wonder if Sowell was not African American, what would be the reaction to his work, would it still be revolutionary or just racist babbling."
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Suffrage in the New World, 2008.
A literature review of the correlation between economic development and suffrage across North America.
1,118 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the extension of suffrage affected long-term economic development in the America's vis-a-vis wealth distribution and political influence. It looks at the U.S. democratic model as a paradigm explaining why economic elite might choose to award universal suffrage. The paper concludes that the U.S. eventual granting of, what they deemed to be universal suffrage, was due to the machinations of the political elite and that universal suffrage never existed in any real sense until later in the 20th century, contrary to popular opinion.
Outline:
Article Summary
Literature Review
Analysis
From the Paper
"Even after universal suffrage for both women and blacks in America were granted, it was not until the mid 1960s that many legal and regulatory barriers that prevented many women and blacks from voting were struck down in the Supreme Court of that country (Perelman 149). The only conclusion that can be made regarding this development is that even in the U.S. the political elite did not freely choose to award universal suffrage in that country's beginning nor even in its later developmental stages. This seems to be a point that Engerman and Sokoloff completely overlook in their research regarding economic development through institutional control and granting of suffrage. "
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Globalization in Comparison, 2008.
Reviews three articles on globalization: Simone Borghese and Alessandro Vercelli's "Sustainable Globalization", Nicholas A. Ashford's "Globalization and the Environment" and David Suzuki's "Economics and Politics.
1,324 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
In this paper the writer compares and contrasts three articles - "Sustainable Globalization" by Simone Borghese and Alessandro Vercelli, "Globalization and the Environment" by Nicholas A. Ashford and David Suzuki's "Economics and Politics". The writer argues that each article raises intelligent points but that each one is also given to emotional or infelicitous language as well as to conclusions that are not infallible. The writer maintains that the main idea, fundamentally, of all of the articles is that globalization has exacerbated global inequalities and that international and domestic efforts must be undertaken to rectify the situation.
From the Paper
"By comparison, the second article, "Globalization and the Environment," an article penned by Nicholas A. Ashford, does not devote its opening pages to outlining the structure of the argument being set forward. Rather, Ashford begins right away by criticizing how the laws governing public health policy in the United States have been dominated and shaped by rational choice theory and by other free market economic fetishes. Ashford's first page is committed wholly to outlining the characteristics of the "American Disease" in health policy - a "disease" he attributes, in part, to government non-interventionism (the government, in other words, sees itself as a mediator and not as a trustee for public health and for the environment) and to the curious conviction that the industries which are creating problems in various aspects of public living are nonetheless the industries which will find a way to resolve the problem."
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Doux-Commerce, 2008.
An analysis of David Hume's concept of doux-commerce and the pursuit of luxury.
904 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses doux-commerce. It analyzes David Hume's emphasis that the necessity of earning a living in a free-market environment requires people to conduct themselves in an acceptable manner, especially with their trading partners. It describes why Hume has been described as an apologist for luxury for his explanations regarding doux-commerce.
From the Paper
"In conclusion, David Hume has been described as an apologist for luxury because he emphasized that in a market setting, self-interest is the primary motivation for conducting oneself with politeness, sophistication, and cordiality. This motivation reflects the necessity of earning a living in a free-market system, which compels people to conduct themselves in an acceptable manner as they do business. This "doux-commerce" thesis describes the fundamental conditions of interaction through which participants must interact if they wish to thrive and prosper."
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