| Papers [229-247] of 4961 :: [Page 13 of 262] | | Go to page : <— 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 —> | |
|
|
Health Care Costs, 2008.
A discussion of the rising costs of health care in the United States.
1,050 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 36.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper takes a look at the reasons health care costs continue to rise in the United States. It points out that many factors interact to increase costs and these factors include certain elements that, ironically, are thought to reduce costs or that may have been intended to reduce costs. The paper adds that costs increase in part for natural economic reasons, such as the cost of developing new drugs, or the added costs accruing due to the creation and implementation of new medical technology. The paper maintains that one of the primary reasons fo cost increases is that the public does not pay for what it uses in medicine, meaning that people do not pay directly out of their own pockets. Instead, millions have their costs paid by insurance or a company health plan, and this increases the overall costs. To conclude, the paper calls for a better and more certain analysis of how costs could be reduced.
From the Paper
"The patient may pay something on his or her bill, but it is usually only a part of the whole. Alterio (2007) notes how some of the efforts to control costs can harm patients, which in turn increases health care costs over time because patients may have to wait longer for treatment and need more medical attention when they do get it. Alterio notes that keeping down costs in HMOs often means requiring doctors to see more patients per hour and to give each patient less time, which saves money in the short-term while increasing costs in the long run."
| |
|
China and the World Trade Organization, 2008.
A discussion of the controversial issue of China joining the World Trade Organization.
1,340 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines how China has been changing economically while trying to hold on to as much of the Communist system as possible, a delicate balancing act that raises the suspicions of much of the world while also creating a good deal of internal uncertainty. The paper points out that this is part of a modernization effort being carried forth not only by those within China or by her trading partners, but also by Chinese living abroad who wish to increase business for the home country or to develop China in a wide variety of fields, including the scientific, financial, artistic, tourism, and other fields. The paper maintains that part of this effort involves China joining the World Trade Organization (WTO). Both the possibility of China joining and the organization itself were the subjects of massive protests in this era of increasing globalization and remain so. The paper concludes that China's attempt to gain benefits while retaining autonomy in certain matters is a balancing act that cannot be maintained for long without political change.
Outline:
Introduction
The WTO
China and the WTO
Theoretical Implications
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The Chinese take the view that America is only harboring ill feelings about the emergence of a stronger and more prosperous China, and they believe that Washington's policy toward Taiwan is designed to obstruct China's reunification. They say that the Americans want to stop Chinese arms sales that are merely for commercial purposes while at the same time they are selling more sophisticated fighters and missiles to the unyielding Taiwanese. They also believe that the Americans use the human rights issue as a weapon to interfere in China's domestic affairs and undermine the Chinese government and note that the U.S. government created obstacles to China's entry into the WTO with the intention to weaken China economically, which has an effect domestically and internationally at the same time: "As the Chinese are sustaining their economic growth and rapidly improving their standard of living, their national pride is certain to arise" (Jisi 45)."
| |
|
The Transformation to Capitalism in Society, 2008.
An analysis of the transformation of the market in society with particular reference to the arguments of Karl Polanyi in "The Great Transformation: Origins of Our Time."
1,151 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper critically examines the issue of the transformation to capitalism in society from two viewpoints: that social relations have historically taken precedence over markets and that markets have always existed regardless of social relations. It argues that Karl Polanyi's argument in "The Great Transformation: Origins of Our Time," with regard to the rise of market economies is probably overstated and that it is likely that markets have existed throughout human history. The paper illustrates that this condition has fostered discontent and inequality throughout history and has been destructive to the human spirit.
From the Paper
"This optimistic view of the market economy is not shared by everyone. While Steinbeck was writing about an exceptional period of economic collapse - the Depression of the 1930s - Douglas Coupland's creative writing about our contemporary period of economic expansion reveals a strikingly similar discontent. In Coupland, as in Steinbeck, there is a sense of the market economy as something both alien to humanity and destructive of our humanity. Coupland asserts that "Marketing is . . . theft, and no one ever feels good about stealing" (Coupland 27). Of course, one may dispute the latter point (see Homer, as referenced by Silver above), while agreeing with the former. Coupland's protagonist has a breakdown due to his inability to cope with his life as a unit of economic production."
| |
|
The Sociology of Aging, 2008.
This paper discusses how an aging America creates economic, labor market, health and demographic trends that have serious long-term implications.
2,083 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 65.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper reviews the steady aging of the American population (certainly among the native-born) and looks at what this means for the social and economic future of the United States. In particular, the paper looks at the various economic, labor market, health and demographic trends gripping America and at how they are all coming together at a significant point in U.S. history. More than that, the paper argues that the United States faces possible economic contraction, run-away social costs, social fragmentation, and a general decline in vigor and/or productivity unless it finds a way to implement policy changes that will nudge the nation towards a brighter future.
Outline:
Abstract
References
From the Paper
"Other economic trends can be easily associated with an aging population. For one thing, it is axiomatic that older investors tend to be much more interested in investments that offer long-term security and reliable returns. Conversely, younger investors who have many more years in the workforce ahead of them - and who have the time necessary to "rebound" from a bad investment - may be more willing to put their money into high-risk, high-reward ventures. Suffice it to say, part of the vitality of the American economy resides in the willingness of people to "take a chance" and finance a fledgling company that has an uncertain future. As the population grows older, however, the interest in participating in venture capitalism and/or engaging in entrepreneurial activities diminishes in relative terms; as a result, a major component of America's economic success is greatly constrained."
| |
|
NAFTA: Economic Exploitation, 2008.
An argument that the North Atlantic Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) enables economic exploitation through its free trade policies.
1,232 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 41.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper explores the controversy over whether NAFTA has had a negative economic impact on Canada, the United States and Mexico. The paper examines the position of those who support this agreement but argues in favor of critics that have blamed NAFTA for job losses, domestic industrial production declines, agriculture market instability and numerous related economic problems such as the outflow of professionals from Canada and Mexico to the United States. The paper strongly believes that NAFTA has had a negative impact on most North Americans and has benefited only the wealthy and the business elite.
From the Paper
"The past thirteen years have demonstrated that the implementation of the North American Free Trade Agreement has generated endless debate over whether NAFTA has had a negative impact on Canada, the United States, and Mexico in terms of jobs, the environment, industry, agriculture, and investments. Many critics justifiably blame NAFTA for this wide range of interrelated problems across North America, for it has inflicted economic, political, social, and cultural harm throughout the entire continent since its passage in 1994."
| |
|
Brazil and the FTAA, 2008.
A comprehensive evaluation of the Free Trade Area of the Americas(FTAA) and its potential positive outcomes for Brazil and the global community.
11,988 words (approx. 48.0 pages), 45 sources, APA, $ 232.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper explores the impact of the Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA) agreement on Brazil. The paper examines NAFTA as a working model and its influence on and benefit for Mexico and their economy. The paper evaluates various trade structures and associations relative to the potential impact of the FTAA for Brazil and South America. The paper explores the benefits and the negatives of a potential FTAA and focuses on several impediments to its further adoption in the region and by Brazil specifically.
Outline:
Introduction
Background of the FTAA
Economic History in South America: Brazil in the Twentieth and Twenty First Centuries
Trade Models
Future of the FTAA
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Brazil has long been a highly populated and growing nation within South America. However, it generally has not been recognized for its substantial positioning in the world market or its cultural strength among Latin American people. In the 1990s, however, Brazil began to be recognized as a significant inclusion in the world market because of its collaboration in creating the Mercosur agreement with other South American countries. As Mercosur began to be realized the United States offered the Free Trade Agreement of the Americas (FTAA) with the intention that it would have the same results for Brazil that NAFTA had for both Canada and Mexico."
| |
|
Mexico and the WTO, 2008.
An examination of the influence of the World Trade Organization (WTO) on Mexico.
2,287 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 70.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper relates that the WTO has the greatest influence on Mexico, relative to its economic and structural development. The paper explains how the WTO indirectly affects positive global economic growth; rather than mandating policy, it negotiates and ensures that the smallest economic presence has equal access to the same economic and trade apparatus as the largest presence. The paper notes that with less export trade in goods and services, many developing countries would simply remain dependent on foreign aid and would never develop the internal capacity to establish a positive economic model.
Outline:
Overview
The World Trade Organization (WTO)
Mexico and the WTO
WTO Policies in Terms of Development
The World Trade, FDI and Development
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Mexico is extremely useful in terms of a country for examination relative to ascertaining the influence of developmental policies of international organizations because it has been subject to international forces within the global economy through both its World Trade Organization (WTO) membership as well as its membership in NAFTA (North American Free Trade Association). Additionally, its geographical proximity to the U.S. and its developing economic status ensures that it is subject to various transnational organizational influences by degree depending on the particular organization in question. However, the organization with the greatest influence on Mexico relative to its economic and structural development is the WTO because the WTO's apparatus, while subtle in many respects, has done more to shape the global economy than perhaps any other transnational body and this degree of influence is clearly represented in the Mexican development over the past several decades."
| |
|
How the Media Influences our Perceptions, 2008.
An examination of how the public's perception can be shaped by the media.
756 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines how the media shapes the public's perception of economic terms, theories, and concepts. The author also includes the outline of the film "The Corporation", which offers a simplistic view of a "market equilibrium." In conclusion, the writer states that much of the popular media is failing its readership and until this situation is rectified, the public will not receive the education in economics it deserves.
From the Paper
"The film, The Corporation, is not unlike many other forms or types of media when it comes to explicating (or not explicating, as the case may be) the precise nature of economics. Specifically, economics is a complicated science that befuddles most people; therefore, in the process of "dumbing down" or making more accessible economics to the layperson, the media (be it the print media or television) will often play upon popular perceptions about economics and about business dealings in general. For example, the concept of supply and demand is one that is fairly understandable to most people. However, most of us are not familiar with (or congenial to) the idea of "market equilibrium" - that is to say, the idea that a properly-functioning free market will permit a situation wherein the amount of a product or service being produced is equal to the amount of the product or service being sought after by consumers (for an interesting discussion on this phenomenon, please see Bryant & Kasper, 230-245). Obviously, if consumer demand for certain services or items plummet, then prices will drop - and production will be cut back sharply."
| |
|
Development in Maritime Canada, 2008.
This paper looks at the relative backwardness of development in maritime Canada.
3,360 words (approx. 13.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 95.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the question of the backwardness of economic development in Canada's maritime region has been the subject of considerable debate among scholars and researchers. This debate has produced many possible causes for this problem, among which academics from a range of disciplines argue heatedly for this or that primary cause. This essay argues the thesis that there is no single causal explanation for the relative backwardness of maritime economic development. Instead, the writer maintains that as is seen with particular reference to the manufacturing sector, the reasons for the comparative underdevelopment of the Canadian maritime lies in the convergence of a number of factors: dependency and staple economy; the lack of local financing and control; and geography and railway freight rates.
Outline:
Introduction
The Issues in the Debate
Dependency Theory and the Staple Economy
Maritime Industries and the National Policy
The Railway and the Decline of Maritime Manufacturers
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The advantage of this perspective is that it situates the problem of maritime underdevelopment within a larger historical continuum that addresses the region's economic performance and relationships not only after Confederation but before it as well. In addition, it should be noted that this approach incorporated elements of the dependency theory model with aspects of the staple theory.
"However, it should be noted that dependency theory possesses clear problems, primary among which is the fact of how empirical data seems to contradict the view inherent in dependency theory that the economic development of one area can only be achieved through the economic exploitation of another. The maritime underdevelopment problem is more complex, however, in that the data appears to contradict the simplistic application of this template.."
| |
|
The Austrian School of Economics, 2008.
A discussion of the history and principles of the Austrian School of Economics.
1,127 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 39.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper looks at the history and major belief system of the Austrian School of Economics and discusses how it does not use mathematics or macroeconomics to analyze situations. The paper examines the school's political philosophies of how government and business interact, including its laissez-fare philosophy and its opposition to anti-trust regulations. The paper looks at the criticism of the Austrian School theories but notes that its political theories should be studied by every economist.
Outline:
Introduction
Background and History
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Although the Austrian School of Economics was not officially founded until 1871, many theories, especially about individual property rights and freedom to contract and trade went back to the 15th century. The School maintained popularity through the latter part of the 19th Century, but interest waned after 1920 through World War II. After one of its members received a Nobel Prize in 1974, there was a renewed interest in the Austrian School. While there is a renewed interest, some regard its theories as totally bogus. Much of that criticism is based on the fact that the Austrian School does not use mathematics, numbers or indexes to quantify their theories. Rather, the Austrian School looks at psychological reasons as to why economic principals come into play. The laissez-fare (hands off) philosophy of government regulation can be traced to the Austrian School of Economics which does not believe in anti-trust legislation."
| |
|
Canadian Maritime Development, 2007.
An examination of poor economic development in the Canadian maritimes.
2,583 words (approx. 10.3 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 78.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines the Canadian maritime region that has traditionally lagged that of other regions and provinces within Canada, and the reasons for this relative backwardness. The paper explains that on the one hand the regions have relatively easy access to coastal and internal waterways while, on the other hand, the area's inaccessibility and harsh climate makes it somewhat problematic to develop. The paper points out that it is the clear absence of a cohesive economic development plan for the region that is likely the real culprit in the maritime's inability to achieve economic parity with the rest of Canada during the important phase of Canada's overall economic expansion. The paper further explains that the lack of such a strategy allowed the transportation routes to become underutilized or misappropriated and the industrial diversity in the region to become unsustainable through a lack of diversity. In conclusion, the paper shows that without major population centers and the industrial base that typically accompanies them, the maritimes have been historically challenged as an economic unit, and until this industrial and economic diversity is solved the region will continue to be dependent on the central government and will continue to lack the population base to support an expanding economy.
From the Paper
"Canada's various regions and provinces have all developed in a variety of fashions and according to different economic imperatives which has led to the divergent opinions regarding its industrial development. Because most of the other provincial areas are more easily traversed that the Maritime area, they have been more easily exploited, in an economic sense, that the Maritime region. This economic exploitation of some of the other regions within Canada has been described in the following manner."
| |
|
India and Britain's Industrialization, 2008.
This paper explores the role of India in Britain's industrialization.
2,119 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper discusses how Britain's industrial development during the 18th and 19th century would not have occurred, or would have been much curtailed, without Britain's colonial empire and particularly that of India. The paper explains that the presence of the India colony market acted in the same way that international and global markets extend trade and commercial relationships across the globe today. The paper shows how the British Empire, therefore, was more than a colonial force but an economic model that foreshadowed the rise and influence of globalization.
Outline:
Introduction
Colonial Relevance
Economic Factors
Conclusion
From the Paper
"British industrialization is an important and much debated subject today given many of the similarities between the effect it had on the economic, financial, and social constructs of the time and the current impact of globalization spearheaded by technology on these same dimensions. Understanding the core components of how Britain's colonial expansion inspired or led to its mercantilism is critical to examining the current spread of globalization and how markets are integrating diverse markets within the structure of a single economic paradigm. The relationship between colonization and British industrialization is very similar to the relationship between globalization and the information and technology revolution within the contemporary economy."
| |
|
Population and Economic Growth, 2008.
This paper looks at the connections between population, economy and the quality of life.
2,000 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
In this article the writer notes that while overpopulation has long been a concern among population geographers, the acceleration of industrial development around the world in recent years has complicated analysis considerably. This essay critically explores this issue in order to interrogate the underlying assumptions linking development to population and quality of life. The paper demonstrates that correlation is not causality, in that economic growth and development may correlate with, but is not a causal factor in regard to, quality of life. Additionally, the paper relates that advocates of economic development as the curative measure for quality of life deficits in many countries frequently blur this distinction between correlation and causality in comparing and contrasting different jurisdictions and situations. The paper then shows that, nonetheless, these issues must be considered critically in a wider context in order to more fully understand the complexity of the debate and the flawed nature of the equation of economic development with quality of life.
Outline:
Introduction
Connections
Overpopulation, Rate of Development and Quality of Life
Unequal Benefits: Development and Population
Conclusions and Solutions
Bibliography
From the Paper
"However, the reality is much more complex. Critics argue that it is not only the fact of economic development but also the rate of economic development which is significant in assessing quality of life in that a highly accelerated level of growth reduces the capacity of the state or institutional forces to develop policies to address problems that are a consequence of growth. This can be seen in term of the damage to the Chinese environment.
"The Chinese government is aware of the environmental consequences of growth and, as in they did earlier with regard to China's birth policy, have taken steps to attempt to address some of these problems. For example, as forests are often cut to supply wood for building, fire and other human uses, China has embarked upon a highly ambitious tree planting program. This program has been successful to the degree that China has reported increasing its total forest cover."
| |
|
Free Enterprise: What it is and How to Use it, 2008.
This paper explores the principles and advantages of a free enterprise system.
1,674 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 54.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper explains free enterprise (FE) as the principle that individual people and companies should be allowed to pursue their own enterprise without threat from over-regulation by government and from government intervention. The paper details the basic components of private property, a free press and a laissez-faire economic environment. The paper explores the benefits of FE for a state and its people if implemented correctly.
Outline:
What is It?
What Can FE Do?
Basic Underlying Components
Free Enterprise and How to Use It
Government in Free Enterprise
From the Paper
"American Free Enterprise (FE) has its foundation in the principles of free enterprise and capitalism as outlined by Adam Smith in his ground breaking work on economic theory, The Wealth of Nations: "...the basic principles were first laid down in a book published in 1776 by the Scottish economist Adam Smith (1723-1790). Known as The Wealth of Nations...it has often been referred to as ''the bible of capitalism''..."(Shaffer 1). One of the basic tenets of FE as propounded by Adam Smith and as embraced by the United States is that individual people and companies should be allowed to pursue their own enterprise without threat from over-regulation by government and from government intervention."
| |
|
The Malthusian Trap and Early-Modern Europe, 2008.
This paper argues that the economic crisis experienced during the early-modern period of European history was not caused by a Malthusian trap.
2,070 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper explains that historians argue that the economic crises experienced during the early-modern period across most of Europe and the subsequent population growth, which led to an inability for many of these individual markets to support their respective populations, was a type of Malthusian trap. The author points out that the Malthusian trap is the principle, based on Malthus' theory of population and economics, which observes that man is inclined to propagate beyond his means to support the population. The paper relates that the application of this principle to early modern Europe is often a misguided attempt to redirect the historical research to a socio-historic perspective rather than a purely economic perspective. The author concludes that, while certain markets in Europe might indeed have become over-populated with respect to their ability to provide basic levels of sustenance for their populations, other countries, such as England, did not suffer such a population growth and, furthermore, managed to maintain relatively stable economic growth in spite of Europe's overall economic decline during this period. The paper includes an annotated bibliography.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Malthus on Population Growth
Technological Impact
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In an artificial economy established in an economic lab such set ratios can be accurately predictive. However, in the natural environment, there are many external factors that would affect change on his model, and did affect change. Prices are a key oversight in his theory. While the basic premise that population growth may outstrip the growth in food productivity was true based on the circumstances within which he operated, he didn't account for the economics of food productivity to drive an increase in production worldwide that offset any local market conditions and shortages in supply."
| |
|
Free Trade is Good for Workers, 2008.
An argument that free trade is beneficial for workers.
1,231 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper looks at free trade and argues that this phenomenon is actually good for workers inasmuch as it cuts down on the cost of living, compels the learning of new skills, opens up new vistas for employment opportunities and allows for greater mobility across adjoining borders. The paper explains that while free trade has its critics, the reality is that free trade is a means by which workers can become integrated into a flourishing global economy instead of a struggling domestic one. The paper includes a large amount of source material.
From the Paper
"To begin with, the elimination of tariffs and duties really advances the buying/purchasing power of workers. Additionally, consumers with working-class incomes benefit further insofar as trade liberalization compels domestic producers to create better consumer items at affordable costs. Finally, trade liberalization sparks overseas demand for domestically-produced items insofar as the barriers (or at least some of the barriers) constraining overseas trade are done away with. As one final point, while inefficient domestic producers are eliminated through free trade competition, this dislocation in certain sectors is overwhelmed by the increased employment opportunities and economic activity sparked by trade liberalization (Palley, 384-388)."
|
| Term Paper # 102567 |
temporarily unavailable
|
|
|
|
Microeconomics, 2008.
An analysis of anticompetitive legislation and antitrust laws in the United States.
779 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 27.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper illustrates the negative impact that the federally mandated minimum wage has on the economy as well as the individual low income worker. Additionally, it examines the body of anticompetitive legislation. The paper argues that this anticompetitive legislation actually results in monopolistic structures and anticompetitive behavior by privileging some parties over others.
Outline:
Abstract
The Federal Minimum Wage
Antitrust Laws
From the Paper
"The fact of the matter is that Microsoft owns the operating system as well as the web browser and is simply fulfilling a consumer desire to achieve fully integrated functionality. Additionally, since its product in the form of the browser is free Microsoft cannot be said to actually be generating revenue from this strategy either. However, the indictment against anticompetitive legislation rests in its tendency to quell innovation in the open market because companies are unable to fully capitalize on their products and services because of the artificial constraints placed upon them by government regulations."
| |
|
A Change in Liberal Democracy, 2008.
A discussion of the shift in the ideology of liberal democracy.
2,142 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 67.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines how the existence of the Cold War had many effects on liberal democratic states and also affected to a degree the way in which democracy was, and continues to be, understood in these states. The paper explains that this includes the United States, which in some ways has come to see democracy as a given that more and more people have been willing to give up aspects of a democratic state in the face of a threat, as has been seen in the acquiescence of the people to a variety of intrusions on their democratic rights since 9-11. The paper also discusses how the success of democracy in the Cold War should have solidified that political ideology as to be preferred, but its very success seems to have opened it to new threats from within. In conclusion, the paper shows that more and more, liberal democracies are defining themselves in terms of collective security over individual preference, and this signals a profound shift in thought that only makes the future more uncertain.
From the Paper
"Schlesinger says that America in the past has stood as an example of a federal, multi-ethnic society that worked, but he seems to believe that this is no longer the case. The U.S. has worked because it has been able to offer answers to the question of what reasons are there for different ethnic groups to see themselves as part of the same nation. Schlesinger now sees an eruption of ethnicity in America, which may have many good consequences, but which he also believes has many bad consequences."
|
|
|