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Where Past Meets Present, 2006.
An analysis of the novels "Woman Warrior" by Maxine Hong Kingston and "The Joy Luck Club" by Amy Tan.
750 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper studies "Woman Warrior" by Maxine Hong Kingston and "The Joy Luck Club" by Amy Tan, both of which deal with the issue of cultural identity. The paper shows how in these stories the female protagonists seek equilibrium between their Chinese heritage and their emerging American identities. The paper details the journey to self-discovery each of the women travel and then compares points of similarity between the two novels. Ultimately, the paper concludes that both focus on the mother-daughter relationship as a parable for the process of acclimation. In both "Warrior" and "Luck Club", the paper shows how the daughters' experience symbolizes the cohesion of past and present and represents the direction for the future.
From the Paper
"The protagonist is continually at odds with her mother because she insists that the narrator play the traditional role of a submissive daughter. The mother also believes that the narrator will join a company of wives and slaves, but ironically she teaches her the song of the woman warrior Fa Mu Lan. Through time the narrator learns valuable lessons from her mother and at moments has admiration for her. Maturity and growth enable the narrator to overcome her fears of China and her family. The American culture made her life less complex and much more simplistic. Along with simplicity, the narrator may have lost some vitality due to the artificial atmosphere of the American culture. She eventually achieves her own cultural identity blending both her Chinese background and her American future."
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Clinton's Foreign Trade Policies, 2006.
An analysis of the U.S.'s foreign trade policies under President Clinton.
950 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper studies foreign trade policy during the Clinton administration. The paper analyzes decisions and actions in two of Clinton's top priority areas: (1) the trade imbalance between the U.S. and Japan and (2) the trade status of China. The paper begins by discussing U.S.-Japanese relations, including their impact on financial instability in Asia. The paper attempts to understand how increased stability would behoove the U.S. and how attempting to affect that change would impact fiscal policy regarding Japan. Then the paper turns to U.S.-China relations, focusing on Clinton's desire to bestow Most Favored Nation status on China, in order to increase and improve trade. The paper weighs the benefit of increased trade against the cost of China's human rights violations.
From the Paper
"There are many doom-sayers in the U.S. predicting that what was the southeast Asian financial crisis of several years ago, will reemerge in Japan in an even more catastrophic way, which would seriously impact trade agreements, import/export statistics and even the average American consumer who buys millions of Japanese-made products, from computers to microwave ovens. What made the situation in Japan worse than experts anticipated was the steady fall of the Japanese exchange rate, falling by more than 10% from March, 1998 through June. At the same time, Japan entered a recession, registering negative growth in the fourth quarter of 1997 and the first quarter of 1998."
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Global Debt Crises, 2005.
Explains why the political economy approach is the correct one to use when explaining global debt crises.
5,913 words (approx. 23.7 pages), 21 sources, MLA, $ 141.95
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Abstract
Three times in the past two decades we have seen an economic crisis hit developing countries. These were the debt crisis in the 1980s, the Tequila Crisis in 1994-1995, and the Asian Crisis that started in 1997. Each of these had impacts that affected other countries as well. This paper looks at the ways in which such crises start and possible means to determine which countries are susceptible to them. The ways in which this type of crisis spreads is also examined, since it appears that the same methods of determining whether a country might be the source of such a problem can also show if a country is open to contagion in the event a crisis does occur in another country. The paper begins by looking at some of the events involved in the three crises discussed. Only the latest crisis-in Asia-is discussed in detail. The two prevailing hypotheses to explain these events are then discussed with their shortcomings. One interpretation is that the governments are to blame. This outlook claims that the latest crisis-in Asia-is the result of weak government regulations and strong government guarantees. This also leads straight into the moral hazard theory. The other side focuses on economics and claims that fragile markets in the region can allow a crisis in one market to trigger a panic and financial collapse in others. In the case of the Asian crisis this is traced back to Thailand. It is shown that by putting these two hypotheses together, rather than trying to keep them mutually exclusive, a more cohesive picture-and hypothesis-can be created. Information concerning the three crises examined is shown to be more readily explained by using the approaches together rather than separately.
Paper Outline:
Introduction
A Brief Look at Three Debt Crises
A Look at Prevailing Theories and Problems with Them
Tying the Two Approaches Together
Contagion
Conclusion and Comments
Works Cited
From the Paper
"Financial system reform is another area in which the realms of government and economics are clearly linked. Such reforms are virtually always the result of government action and not due to the efforts of business and industry. In fact, these reforms are often done despite the desires of the various sectors of commerce. The IMF again gives us striking examples of this. The conditions the IMF places on loans frequently require that a government take actions that will affect the economy. That is, in fact, the rationale behind the conditions."
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The Korean War and Its Aftermath, 2006.
An analysis of the literary works of Pak Wan-so and Cho Chong-rae.
8,450 words (approx. 33.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 179.95
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Abstract
This paper studies the fictional works of Pak Wan-so and Cho-Chong-rae to illuminate the history and aftermath of the Korean War. The author acknowledges that using works of fiction as historical references is controversial. However, she maintains that these authors accurately and intentionally represent what it was like to live during these tumultuous times and give the reader a vicarious experience of the challenges of war for Koreans. The paper focuses on female author Pak Wan-so's "The Naked Tree", which depicts the effects of the Korean War on the emotional lives of its survivors and their journey from despair to optimism. Next, the paper turns to Cho Chong-rae's powerful anti-war message in "Playing with Fire", about the moral ambiguities of war and its debilitating effects on the personal moralities of those who survived it. Issues examined include the destabilization of family life and a national period of disillusionment and questioning. Also studied is Korea's relationship with the United States and Korean attitudes toward America.
From the Paper
"In The Naked Tree by Pak Wan-so (Pak Wan-so, The Naked Tree, pages 1-188. Trans. Yu Young-nam. East Asia Program, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York: 1995.) Pak depicts Kyong-a's, the female protagonist's, struggle to overcome the sense of hopelessness that permeates war torn South Korea. Everywhere Kyong-a turns she witnesses the irrecoverable damage done by the war on individual lives that profoundly alters her sense of being. Both Kyong-a and her mother experience incredible tragedy and struggle to recover. Pak seems to ask how did the war affect the emotional lives of women who lost relatives? Her answer is hopeful; yet, because of the trajectory of history it is intertwined with memories of irrecoverable loss. Ultimately, Pak suggests that the memories of the damage done by the war have left their imprint on the families who have survived and is a testimony to their strength as well to their suffering."
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The Spread Of Christianity To Japan, 2006.
This well-researched paper examines the historic events that led to the introduction of Christianity into Japan's culture and society, as well as the political leaders who tried to ban its existence.
3,327 words (approx. 13.3 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
This paper explores how Portuguese and Spanish Roman Catholic missionaries introduced Christianity to Japan in in 16th century. This paper discusses Japan's perception of Christianity which is linked with imperialist culture of the west and was believed to be a threat to the political control in Japan. The writer describes the ban on Christianity between the 17th-19th centuries in which Japan continued to exhibit intense antagonism towards the religion, but, as the imperialist power grew and Christianity dimensions were explored, the ban on the religion was lifted in 1873. This well-researched and informative paper focuses on the spread of Christianity in Japan, the level of acceptance and rejection as well as the history of this particular religion in Japanese culture and society.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
The Coming of the Religion
The Acceptance and Rejection Philosophies
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"Japan, long before has been identified with a history of superior political stability that let particular tribe ruler to poise each other out in the dominion of authority . During this time and before this time the presentation of overseas ideas developed in to the religion that we call native for Japan . Because Japan happen to be increasingly integrated into the administration of the imperial family for the duration of the fourth and the fifth centuries, the religious conviction became of tool for political control . Afterwards, albeit the imperial control was in spite of everything, intense, Japan developed into an isle of cultural swap in the middle of China, Korea and further south east Asian nations."
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Elementary Education in India, 2006.
Examines what the Indian government is doing to ensure that all children receive basic education.
1,107 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
India's desire to universalize and provide free basic education as envisaged by its constitution has by no means been a small achievement. Yet, it falls short of the desire to achieve the goal of "Education for All" and the goal of universal primary education remains as elusive as ever before. This paper shows that the last decade has seen a more vigorous effort on the part of the government and a number of non-governmental organizations to improve the state of primary education in this country. The paper shows the case of Sri Lanka which, despite being a developing country, has an excellent track record in providing basic education, especially among its tea plantation sector.
From the Paper
"In Sri Lanka the literary rates are high despite low per capita income. While the primary school survival rates in low income countries like India is 38.0, in Sri Lanka it is 90.8(Manor). Sri Lanka, in spite of a level of poverty equal to that of India and other countries in south Asia has achieved high level of literacy and primary -school attendance. Sri Lanka is a country that provides considerable equity, including basic mass education. Further, with the establishment of universal suffrage, the control over education was placed in hands of local governments and an effort was made to develop education in a decentralised manner."
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Truman and Johnson: Crisis in Asia, 2006.
This paper examines the Korean and Vietnam wars as well as the various similarities shared by both President Harry S. Truman and President Lyndon B. Johnson during their terms in office.
2,958 words (approx. 11.8 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 87.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper explores the ironic similarities shared by Presidents Truman and Johnson, who both inherited the office of president at the death of their predecessors, both were extremely popular leaders and both died while in office. It is another irony that each president became embroiled in a war in Asia. This paper discusses both wars in detail as well as the events that led up to the conflicts including the fact that the Korean war set a precedent for the Vietnam War. This paper also examines the different leadership styles of both presidents, including the manner in which Truman kept firm control over the military while Johnson accepted most military assessments at face value. This paper also contemplates how these two conflicts effectively ended the public life of both Truman and Johnson, bringing an end to each one's administration.
From the Paper
"Earlier in January, 1968 the Tet Offensive attempt to take over the American Embassy had been a turning point in the war. Five of South Vietnam's six major cities, 36 of its 44 provincial capitals, and 66 of the 242 district towns were attacked. American losses were heavier than ever before, 3,895 men killed in eight weeks. South Vietnamese forces sustained much smaller losses, but there were an estimate 14,000 noncombatant men, women and children who were killed in the campaign. Although the Communist offensive was ultimately to lose 58,000 men in the offensive, the action drew even more dissent at home. The protestors were not now only the radicals and students, but mainstream voters were also increasingly expressing their opposition lining up in a groundswell of support for presidential Robert Kennedy, who pledged to end the war, as were members of the president's cabinet."
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Understanding Hinduism, 2006.
This paper examines the values and traditions of Hinduism while stressing the importance of reform and modernization of those same traditions and values in order to continue thriving in a more Westernized world.
1,995 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the original values and traditions of Hinduism as well as the flexibility found in this religion which has spawned numerous sects which include Buddhism, the Rama-Krishna movement and Brahmo Samaj. Hinduism offers a unique liberalism that allows followers to remain loyal even when rejecting one or more of its tenets. The writer of this paper discusses how Western thought has stressed the need for social reform in countries such as India and Cambodia. Like Hinduism, Buddhism also needs to address the encroachments of Western civilization. This paper examines how communist-led countries such as Indochina and Cambodia have abolished Hinduism entirely. As both Hinduism as Buddhism stem from the same roots, both faiths continue to grow and face complex challenges caused by an increasingly global society where international interdependence is essential.
From the Paper
"Western thought has also influenced the calls for social reform in India. Among the most problematic issues is that of the caste system. Some opponents of this social structure have opted to withdraw into monasticism, while others have chosen the more productive option for lasting change. The introduction of such modern developments as public developments as public transportation and fast-food restaurants has led to a practical relaxation of the prohibition against social contact between separate castes. More dramatic have been affirmative action measures towards outcastes or "backward castes," with such policies advocated by the former British administration, Mahatma Gandhi, and recent political policy. Other practices which have fallen victim to social reforms include child marriage and encouraged population growth."
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Kim Il Sung, 2006.
Examines the life of this Korean leader and how the country fared under his leadership.
2,406 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
President Bush called North Korea a part of the "Axis of Evil." The paper argues that the reason for North Korea's fall from grace is due to Kim Il Sung, the Communist leader who was responsible not only for keeping the two Koreas separate, but helped foment the Korean War and the privation of the North Koreans under a stagnant economy and a strict government which allowed few, if any, freedoms for its subservient people.
From the Paper
"In trying to create a biography of a world leader, one is supposed to dig to try to find a fairly evenly balanced assessment of the man, his authority, his legacy, and the good and bad he has achieved. There is little or no "good" that one can find in the history of North Korea. Kim has authorized the attempted assassination of South Korean presidents, in one instance, killing the president's wife, in another, in Rangoon, killing a dozen or so South Korean officials (but not the President). Kim had agents infiltrating most Southeast Asian nations, hoping to stir up trouble, especially with South Korea, which he always saw as a lackey to the U.S., and therefore not "Korean" enough. Of course, it was also a way to take the North Korean peoples minds off their own political and economic woes."
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The Spread of Paper, 2006.
A paper looking at the religious influence on the spread of paper during the silk road era.
1,874 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the history of paper and its migration to other civilizations and societies. The paper explains that the spread of paper outside of China ,where it was first developed, is most closely linked to its use as a medium for the religious written word, primarily that of Buddhists and Muslims. The paper explains that paper's use as a medium for the religious word facilitated the propagation of paper and paper technology across the Asian continent and to other civilizations.
From the Paper
"One need only glance momentarily at the modern world to witness the vast importance of paper in all aspects of life. From literature to art to currency to industry, paper enjoys innumerable applications of every conceivable manner. The transition from the medieval world to modern times was dependant a great deal on paper. Among other things, it allowed for the mass reproduction of texts and subsequently widespread literacy. It also provided a more convenient method of financial exchange in the form of paper money. First developed in China, paper has found a place in almost every culture around the globe for thousands of different applications. The spread of paper outside of China, however, is most closely linked to its use as a medium for the religious written word, primarily that of Buddhists and Muslims. The nature of these religions and their respective religious documents facilitated the propagation of paper and paper technology across the Asian continent."
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Japanese Culture Influenced by Sport, 2006.
An examination of the influence American sport has on Japanese culture.
1,082 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the similarities between Sumo wrestling, martial arts and baseball. The writer notes that one of the influences on the Japanese culture is in connection with cheering. The writer details similarities and differences between Japanese and American sports events. The writer explains that the Japanese, who are usually more staid than Americans, cheer quite boisterously at sports events. In conclusion the writer states that American sports have influenced Japanese culture in all areas, including in the business culture, which is seen in the use of brand promotions at sports events.
From the Paper
"One example of the way American sports has influenced Japanese social forms is the way Japanese fans participate in cheering. The Japanese are generally courteous and take care not to embarrass a person before a group. They are especially polite when greeting strangers, and are slow to express their feelings to outsiders. However, none of these customs are evident in cheering at a sports event. "As such, the game here is slower paced and more strategic in Japan than its American forerunner. Also, Japanese teams revolve around their managers, who put their players through rigorous practice routines and spend a lot of time on the field during games in strategy sessions. Finally, baseball in Japan is more of a collective enterprise, and players don't receive the same attention and adulation that their colleagues in the United States enjoy."
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Japan's Nuclear Capabilities, 2006.
This well-researched paper examines not only whether Japan has the capability to create nuclear weapons but whether or not Japan already has these actual weapons.
6,555 words (approx. 26.2 pages), 17 sources, MLA, $ 150.95
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Abstract
This in-depth paper explores the sometimes fragile alliance between Japan and the U.S. and ponders whether or not Japan is capable, from a technical standpoint, of creating nuclear weapons. This paper delves into the possibility that Japan may already have nuclear weapons in its possession. A large number of Japanese citizens and successive governments have favored continuing the alliance with the U. S. which involves enormous reliance on American security and military power to protect Japan from attack. This paper defines article 9, the renunciation of war, of Japan's Peace Constitution. The writer also discusses the economic benefits in developing and maintaining nuclear weapons. This well-researched and informative paper considers some of the means Japan could employ to gain greater military autonomy which includes completing the development and production of advanced weapons such as the FSX fighter. This paper also discusses the various groups and parties that oppose nuclear weapons including the Japan Council against Atomic and Hydrogen Bombs.
From the Paper
"Considering that the huge military-industrial complex of United States is an often-criticized force in the American economy and that maintaining a similarly high level of expenditures on weapons was a critical factor leading to the economic and political failure of the former Soviet Union, many in Japan are understandably content not to have a defense industry of a comparable magnitude. But there are some Japanese willing, and even eager, to duplicate or surpass American state-of-the-art military technology. Those who wish to see Japan more independent of reliance on the American power, who believe Japan's future is dependent on an autonomous defense establishment, favor the concept of Kokusanka or, indigenization of defense production."
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The Lion Dance, 2005.
This paper describes the Chinese Lion Dance.
2,080 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Lion Dancing is a unique art form from China traditionally thought to bring happiness, good luck, prosperity and longevity. The author points out that the Lion Dance is performed during celebrations such as the Chinese New Year and the August Moon Festival and at grand openings of restaurants, martial arts school and other businesses. The paper relates that it might have originated during the Tang dynasty (618-907 AD) when, according to legend, the emperor dreamt he was attacked by demons but was saved by a mysterious creature, a lion.
Table of Contents:
Lion Dancing and Revolution
Elements of Lion Dancing
Lion Dancing Routines
Choi Chiang "Get the Green"
From the Paper
"Lion dancing has long been associated with kung fu, an association that dates back to the Ching dynasty, when revolutionary martial artists used the dance as a secret means of communication. Under the guise of celebration, revolutionary martial artists traveled from village to village performing the lion dance. As part of the routine the dancing lion woould eat lettuce which often contained money and information hidden within its leaves. In revolutionary days, the dancer holding the lion's head would cry out choi ching ("get the Ching") to signal that he was a fellow revolutionary and could receive secret messages. Of course, any Ching informers present would know the dancer's intention upon hearing the battlecry. Since ching was very close in sound to chiang (meaning green, as in lettuce and money), the lion dancer's password became choi chiang or "get the green.""
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"Big Business, Strong State", 2005.
This paper reviews Eun Mee Kim's "Big Business, Strong State", which analyzes the influences involved in South Korean economic development from 1960 to 1990.
1,495 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 0 sources, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that many scholars consider the "rags-to-riches" turn-around of the South Korean economy as a marvel especially when compared with other countries such as those in Latin America; thereby, various theories have been proposed to explain this success. The author points out that Eun Mee Kim in "Big Business, Strong State" argues that the rapid economic growth was not due to a static "South Korean model", which was based on the constant strength of either the government or business, but rather a collusion between the state and the chaebol, the large family-owned and managed businesses. The paper relates that Kim's thesis regarding the relationship between the chaebol and the state is weak, dismissing too easily the possibility that the chaebol's influence was actually stronger in the beginning of this economic development than stated.
From the Paper
"Beginning with General Park Chung Hee's military coup in 1961, Kim argues that the state took on an authoritarian control over South Korea, launching an aggressive economic campaign called the Five-Year Economic Development Plan (EDP). The EDP focused on transforming the economy from agriculture to industry, mercantile to manufacturing, and production for domestic use to exportation. Park targeted the chaebol specifically rather than establishing state-owned enterprises or supporting small or medium-sized businesses. As Kim contends, the idea being here that growth would be faster if the state encouraged the big businesses to expand into export-oriented arenas. Via strong-arm tactics, economic sanctions involving low-interest-rate loans to successful exporters, internationalization, and colonial legacy, the chaebol became a model for other businesses in South Korea that would, according to Kim, eventually grow beyond the state's control."
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Asian-American Immigrants and Gangs, 2006.
A look at why Asian-American immigrants become gang members.
2,533 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 76.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the problem of Asian-American gangs in the United States and attempts to explain why many Asian youths that have immigrated to the United States become gang members. The paper looks at the socio-economic reasons and the cultural reasons as well as the Asian mentality that makes gang life appear attractive to Asian youth and then takes a look at certain aspects of gang life including attitudes, subcultures and fighting between different Asian groups.
From the Paper
"When one wonders why Asian-American young people become gang members, they might want to listen to Vietnamese observer Le Xuan Kho. He suggests that Asian-Americans refugees share a common tendency, after coming to America. They like, he says, to cluster together and form community organizations. "[This] can be traced back to a traditional pattern common to all agrarian societies in Southeast Asia," Le says. (Cassidy)"
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Japan's New Woman, 2006.
This paper explores the recent trend of Japanese women who flock to Hong Kong for more desirable employment opportunities, better pay and an improved quality of life.
1,968 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the escalating influx of Japanese women who move to Hong Kong seeking not only better pay but also an escape from the so-called glass ceiling at home as well as a new lifestyle. The desire to work in Hong Kong began in the early 1990s when Japan's economic slowdown began and countless women found themselves unemployed. This paper discusses the traditional female roles in Japanese culture and the numerous strides women have made over the years in a male dominated society.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Japanese Women and Their Environment
Japanese Women and Their Traditional Roles
Inequality in Japanese Society: Tradition
Inequality in Japanese Society: Today
Footnotes
From the Paper
"Working in Hong Kong is also a way out for women frustrated by Japan's notorious male-dominated corporate culture. "Japanese women who have studied abroad and achieved a command of English hope to use it in their careers, but they find that overwhelmingly Japanese companies only give foreign postings to male employees," Nakase said. Japanese job seekers with work experience and basic clerical skills find strong demand from Japanese firms that seek to save money by hiring locally and which find Japanese workers easier to communicate with than local Hong Kong staff. Jobs on offer are typically clerical, with more challenging opportunities -- and better pay -- offered to those with good computer skills or command of English or Chinese."
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Foot Binding: A Custom Becomes a Metaphor, 2006.
A study of the Chinese custom of foot binding as it appears in literature and film.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the ancient Chinese custom of foot binding. The paper details the history of this ritual and the socio-cultural role it played in Chinese society. Then the paper turns to an analysis of the metaphoric significance of foot binding in literature and on film. Works studied include the James Michener epic novel "Hawaii" and the film "The Hawaiians", which is based on the novel and the film "The Inn of the Sixth Happiness".
From the Paper
"James Michener explored the Chinese culture in his epic novel Hawaii, which was made into two films, the second of which, The Hawaiians, dealt with the Chinese woman Char Nyuk Tsin, and her husband, Kee Mun Ki. While the practice of foot binding is never a central theme or issue of either the novel or the film, it is an underlying element in the plot structure and character development. Char Nyuk Tsin is a peasant woman of Hakka, a mountain village that traditionally does not bind the feet of their women, since they are required to carry heavy loads up and down steep and rocky terrain. A rival neighboring village practices the custom, considering it a mark of ignorance that their neighbors leave their women's feet to grow naturally.When the Chinese are imported to Hawaii to work in the fields, the first women allowed on the islands are the women with strong, unbound feet. Chinese women with bound feet are not among the early Chinese allowed to relocate in the Hawaiian Islands, since their usefulness as laborers is limited."
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Japanese Women in the Workforce, 2006.
Addresses historical trends in women's work and wages in Japan and closes with prospects for the future.
1,895 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the changing nature of women's employment in Japan. The paper examines traditional roles of Japanese society, traditional societal attitudes about the role of women in Japan and how Japanese women themselves have largely seen their role in society. The paper also examines how, slowly, these roles and attitudes are changing and looks at the factors that have contributed to these changes. The paper concludes with a look at what Japanese women and society can do to help promote the prospects of women in the future.
From the Paper
"As the female share of the labor force rises, the labor force overall may appear to respond less flexibly to changes in aggregate demand, and Japan may witness an initial slowing of productivity growth, since many of the women who enter the labor force will have less experience and training than their male counterparts. The male-female wage gap has recently begun to widen, partly as a result of the changing composition of the female labor force. However, as more and more women become permanently attached to the workforce, increases will probably occur both in their productivity and in their relative wages."
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Lady Murasaki's "Court Diary", 2005.
This paper reviews Lady Murasaki's "Court Diary", a lady in waiting in the court of the Japanese court from 1007 to 1010 A.D., which discusses the social and cultural influence of Confucianism and Buddhism on ancient Japan.
1,905 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 0 sources, $ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Lady Murasaki wrote her "Court Diary during the period in which Bushido was a code and way of life for Samurai men and was influenced by Zen and Confucianism. The author points out that in Lady Murasaki's "Court Diary", it is obvious that Buddhism and Buddhist metaphysics are very much a part of Japanese court life; however, what is not so obvious is that Chinese Confucianism also had become part of 10th century Japan's Imperial court. The paper relates that the notion of impermanence is an extremely salient characteristic throughout the Diary; she writes that all things are ephemeral, reflecting on the aesthetics of the period, which were based on the beauty of impermanence.
From the Paper
"Confucianism influenced the Chinese attitude toward life, set the patterns of living and standards of social value, and provided the background for Chinese political theories and institutions. It eventually spread from China to Korea, from Korea to Japan where it was first brought to around the fifth century. Confucius had a great impact on the Japanese civilization. His teachings relating to ethics, honor, social responsibility, familial obligations, ancestor worship, and observation of rites and historical precedence provide the glue that gives the Japanese civilization continuity and durability."
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